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INDONESIA
METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23025697     EISSN : 26558122     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology
METAMORFOSA is an electronic scientific journal published periodically by the Master of Biology Udayana University, which includes scientific works in the field of Biology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 316 Documents
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The Isolasi Aktinomiset Pelarut Fosfat Asal Perakaran Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) di Antirogo Jember Esti Utarti; Saniyah Fatkhul Alim; Dwi Setyati; S Sutoyo
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p09

Abstract

Fosfor (P) merupakan makronutrien terpenting kedua yang dibutuhkan tanaman. Fosfat dalam tanah berada dalam bentuk terikat oleh ion Fe3+, Al3+ dan Ca2+ sehingga tidak tersedia bagi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mendapatkan aktinomiset sebagai agen pelarut fosfat dari perakaran tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian eksplorasi yang dilanjutkan dengan pengamatan morfologi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis isolat pelarut fosfat terbaik. Sampel penelitian diambil dari Desa Antirogo, Kecamatan Sumbersari, Kabupaten Jember. Sampel tanah diambil dari bagian perakaran tanaman tembakau. Isolasi aktinomiset dilakukan dengan metode pengenceran dan disebar pada media SCA. Pemurnian dilakukan pada media ISP-2 atau ISP-4. Uji aktivitas pelarutan fosfat menggunakan media Pikovskaya dan diukur indeks pelarutan fosfatnya. Sebanyak 71 isolat aktinomiset berhasil diisolasi dari tanah perakaran tembakau di daerah Antirogo. Hasil skrining menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 28 isolat (39,4%) dari 71 isolat yang diperoleh, memiliki kemampuan melarutkan fosfat. Lima isolat tertinggi berdasarkan rangking indeks pelarut fosfat terbaik dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Berdasarkan bentuk rantai spora, empat isolat aktinomiset yang memiliki rangking indeks pelarutan fosfat tertinggi termasuk dalam genus Streptomyces. Kata kunci: aktinomiset, pelarut fosfat, perakaran, Antirogo Jember
Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Bahan Ramuan “Boreh Basanbuat” Untuk Memperlancar Produksi Air Susu Ibu (ASI) di Bali Enik Kriswiyanti; Ni Nyoman Darsini; Junita Hardini; Ni Putu Ariwathi
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p15

Abstract

Boreh (bahasa Bali) merupakan salah satu bentuk ramuan tradisional berupa campuran rempah-rempah yang dihaluskan, ditambah cairan (air/arak/minyak kelapa) kemudian dilulurkan pada bagian tubuh. Salah satu boreh yang dapat digunakan untuk memperlancar produksi air susu ibu (ASI) adalah boreh basanbuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan bagian tumbuhan yang dapat digunakan untuk membuat boreh basanbuat di Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan: purposive sampling, pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dengan pedagang crakenan, pengobat tradisional (battra) dan masyarakat dari kota dan kabupaten wilayah propinsi Bali, sebanyak 90 responden. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 54 jenis tumbuhan (52 genus, 29 familia) untuk membuat 64 jenis ramuan, jenis tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan dari anggota famili Zingiberaceae, bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah daun (23,21%). Ramuan boreh basanbuat umumnya menggunakan 5-6 jenis tumbuhan, yaitu menggunakan: beras (Oryza sativa L.), biji kelabet (Trigonella feonum-graecum L.), akar wangi (Androphogon zizanioides (L) Urban), kayu/bubuk cendana (Santalum album L.), daun delem/ nilam (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.) dan rimpang kencur (Kaemferia galanga L). Manfaat bahan boreh selain memperlancar produksi ASI, juga untuk aroma terapi, antiinflamasi, anti pembengkakan, antibakteri, antijamur, dan lain sebagainya.
Deteksi Keberadaan Coliform dan Escherichia Coli pada Es Batu dari Penjual Minuman di Sekitar Kampus 4 Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Oktira Roka Aji; Nofa Nur Fiani
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p05

Abstract

Ice cubes are a complement to drinks. Ice cubes must not contain Coliform or Escherichia coli. Coliform and Escherichia coli are indicator microorganisms used in water quality analysis. Its presence indicates fecal contamination. The purpose of this study was to analyze the presence of Coliform and E.coli on ice cubes found in drinks sold around the Kampus 4 Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The sample used in this study was 7 ice cube samples taken from different stalls around the campus. This study used the MPN (Most Probable Number) method which consists of a presumptive test, a confirmative test and the Escherichia coli test. A positive result was indicated by changes in the turbidity of the media and the presence of gas bubbles in the durham tube. Data analysis was performed by comparing the number of positive tubes in the observation results with the MPN table. Based on the data obtained, samples of ice cubes from 7 sellers around Kampus 4 Universitas Ahmad Dahlan were positive for Coliform and Escherichia coli bacteria. The principles of food sanitation hygiene need to be improved to prevent bacterial contamination on ice cubes.
Perkembangan Dan Ukuran Pertama Kali Matang Gonad (Lm50) Ikan Lemadang (Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758) Betina Di Perairan Selatan Bali Hety Hartaty; Iriani Setyawati; FX. Sudaryanto
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p02

Abstract

Research on the reproductive biology of fish can provide information on spawning frequency, spawning success, spawning time, and size at first maturity. This research aimed to determine the reproductive biology of common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758) landed at the fish landing site (PPI) Kedonganan, Badung, Bali. Sampling was conducted in May - September 2018. A total of 42 female common dolphinfish with length ranged between 41-110 cm FL were obtained from hand-line fishery based on FADs. Ovaries were prepared using the paraffin method and Harris Haematoxylin-Eosin staining for histological observation. The results showed that the gonad maturity level in adult females was: spawning (38.10%), spawning capable (35.71%), regressing-potentially reproductive (4.76%), regressed 1 (2.38%), regressed 2 (2.38%), and regenerating (2.38%). Immature female: immature (9.52%) and developing (4.76%). Oocyte diameter ranged between 43,20 – 864,66 µm with an average of 430,99 µm. Fecundity in fish size 49-75 cm FL ranged from 30,720-433,080 eggs / fish with an average of 129,594 eggs / fish. The difference in the level of oocytes in the ovaries at the same time showed that female common dolphinfish in the southern Bali waters has an asynchronous ovary development and indeterminant fecundity with multiple spawning strategies and size at first maturity (Lm50) was 43.2 cm FL. Keywords: common dolphinfish, gonad histology, size at maturity
Potential of Awar-awar Leaf Methanol Extract (Ficus septica Burm. f.) Against Aspergillus niger on Balinese Lontar Ni Komang Deny Julyeda; Ida Bagus Gde Darmayasa; Junita Hardini
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p10

Abstract

Ficus septica Burm. f. is a wild plant that has antifungal compounds. Exploration of antifungal compounds from natural material important in inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus niger, one of Balinese lontar destructive fungus. Natural material use to reduse lontar damage due to synthetic materials. This study aims to inhibition of awar-awar leaf methanol extract (in vitro). The method used was a complete randomized design with 7 treatments for the concentration of the awar-awar leaf methanolic extract of 10.000, 20.000, 30.000, 40.000, 50.000 ppm (b/v), positive control (nystatin), and negative control (methanol). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test uses 6 treatments for the concentration of the awar-awar leaf methanolic extract of 100, 500, 1000, 2000 ppm (w/v), positive control (nystatin), and negative control (methanol). Giving the extract to the diffusion well with potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. The research data were analyzed statistically ANOVA (DMRT with 5% significance level) with the SPSS 23 version for windows. The results showed that the awar-awar leaf methanol extract had MIC at a concentration of 500 ppm (w/v). Concentrations of 10.000-50.000 ppm (w/v) indicate the inhibition zone diameter of 20.50 mm, respectively; 23.00 mm; 23.50 mm; 23.75 mm; 24.75 mm. The concentration of 10.000 ppm (w/v) has higher inhibition than the positive control. The concentration of 20.000 ppm (w/v) was the optimum concentration of inhibition of awar-awar leaf methanol extract. Conclusion of this research was awar-awar leaf methanol extract had anti-fungal compounds which inhibited the growth of A. niger. This extract can be used as an alternative to inhibit the growth of fungi that cause lontar damage. Keyword: Aspergillus niger, destructive fungi, Ficus septica Burm. f.
Identifikasi Jamur Endofit pada Tanaman Anggur Bali (Vitis vinifera L. Var Alphonso lavalle) serta Potensi Antagonisnya terhadap Botrytis cinerea Pers. Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Kelabu Putu Anggan Pradipta Utama; Meitini Proborini Wahyuni; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p01

Abstract

This research aims to isolate and test the ability of endophytic fungi from the Bali Grape plant (Vitis vinifera L. var Alphonso lavalle) against botrytis cinerea pers. cause of gray rot in Grapes Bali. This research is an exploration study that is then continued with experimental. This research sample was isolated from Balinese grapes, namely healthy roots, stems, and leaves as well as diseased fruit parts from Balinese vineyards in Banyupoh Village, Gerokgak, Buleleng, Bali. Isolates of endophyte fungi that are successfully isolated are then tested using dual culture methods against pathogenic fungi. The test results of five isolates of endophytic fungi obtained three types of fungi that have the tasteless power of two types of fungi Trichoderma spp. (1) (2) and Mucor spp. with consecutive bonding power of 90.67 ± 16.17%, 75.67 ± 31.13%, and 82.67 ± 39.02. These results show that endophyte fungi have potential as biocontrol agents. Keywords : Mushroom endophyte, Botrytis cinerea Pers., Biocontrol
Tingkah Laku Bertelur dan karakteristik Fisik Sarang Maleo (Marcocephalon maleo) di Cagar Alam Panua Desa Maleo Kecamatan Paguat Febrianti Muhi; Dewi Wahyuni K. Baderan Baderan; Mustamin Ibrahim
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p17

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the egg-laying behavior and characteristic of the nest of Maleo birds. The survey study conducted first-hand direct observation based on the facts at the site. An explorative method was employed to acquire the data of nest characteristics. The method refers to the exploration of the laying nest and measurement of physical characteristics of the nest that contains the egg. The results revealed that the Maleo bird’s egg-laying behavior comprised: digging hole, tracing for any potential dangers, caching, looking for good, perching, finding a good location, roosting, playing, and dancing. The characteristics of laying nest of Maleo bird in the research site were as follows: 1) the average nest depth and width was 65 cm and 62 cm respectively; 2) the average temperature of laying nest hole from morning until afternoon was at 31.75-33.6ºC, while the average temperature of the nest surface was at 27.5-50.5ºC. Other environmental factors comprised: 20-35% humidity rate, acidity (pH) of seven, while the main constituents of nest were 98-100% sand, 0-2% dusts, and 0% clay. The bird’s dominant egg-laying behavior was digging hole. Keyword: characteristics, Marcocephalon maleo, behavior, nest
Studi Keragaman Anggrek Epifit di Kepulauan Sula Arief Widyantoro
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p06

Abstract

Kegiatan eksplorasi anggrek epifit saat ini sangat penting dilakukan karena rusaknya habitat alami disebabkan alih fungsi hutan menjadi lahan perkebunan. Anggrek epifit yang sifatnya menempel pada pohon tersebar di hutan produksi terbatas, hutan produksi tetap, dan hutan produksi dapat dikonversi. Namun, perluasan areal perkebunan kelapa, cengkeh dan kakao berdampak menyempitnya areal hutan sehingga berakibat berkurangnya habitat alami anggrek epifit. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari jenis-jenis anggrek epifit di Kepulauan Sula, Provinsi Maluku Utara. Studi menggunakan metode survey dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan penentuan plot pengamatan. Hasil survey telah ditemukan 6 spesies anggrek epifit pada 8 plot antara lain Cymbidium finlaysonianum, Grammatophyllum scriptum, Trichoglottis latisepala, Brachypeza sp., Pomatocalpa spicata, dan Aerides sp. Anggrek epifit C. finlaysonianum mendominasi kawasan hutan mencapai 77,29%. Terdapat 9 pohon inang sebagai habitat alami anggrek yang ditemukan meliputi Shorea sp., Cythea sp., Mangifera indica, Heritiera sp., Thesphesia macrophylla, Artocarpus sp., Calophyllum inophyllum, Ficus sp dan Cocos nucifera. Kata kunci: anggrek epifit, pohon inang, keragaman, Kepulauan Sula
Inventarisasi Jenis Avifauna di Taman Wisata Alam Menipo Kabupaten Kupang Nardi Matias Leo; L.P.E.K Yuni; I Ketut Ginantra
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p16

Abstract

ABSTRACT Menipo Natural Park, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara is a popular tourist spot because it has various types of flora and fauna, one of which is avifauna. Avifauna is used as a good indicator to determine environmental health in the development of sustainability and the value of biodiversity as a whole. This study aims to determine the diversity of avifauna species that inhabit or utilize the Menipo Nature Tourism Park as their survival. The study was conducted for three months using the Point Count method. The number of counting points was adjusted to the area of ??the research area. The limit of the observation radius was 25 m from the standing observation point, the observation time at each point was calculated as 10 minutes, to record and to take pictures of the bird species. This study found that there were 36 species of avifauna from 25 families and had moderate species diversity, either in mangrove forest (2.86), coastal forest (2.66), and savana (2,28) which was carried out by calculating the diversity index. All bird species utilize all vegetation types for foraging, resting, and nesting. Keywords: Birds, bird diversity, Menipo Natural Park
Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Keprok (Citrus reticulata Blanco) So’e Sebagai Teh Tradisional Deglory Tunmuni; Ni Putu Adriani Astiti; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 8 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2021.v08.i02.p11

Abstract

The Citrus So'e plant is one of the leading community plants of the people of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The So'e tangerine is used as a raw material in the manufacture of orange juice and the peel has not been used. This research was conducted to utilize So'e tangerine peel as a traditional tea. The parameters observed included the active compound group, antioxidant activity, the type of active compound for So'e tangerine peel and the public's perception of the traditional So'e tangerine peel tea. The research method was carried out by qualitative phytochemical tests, test for the content of flavonoids, phenolics, and tannins by spectaphotometry, antioxidant tests using the DPPH method, testing for the types of active compounds using GC-MS and organoleptic tests to determine the level of consumer preference. The results showed that So'e tangerine peel extract had active compounds, namely flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids and alkaloids and So'e tangerine peel extract contained flavonoids = 253.901 mg / 100g QE, phenolic = 61.6099 mg / 100g GAE, tannin = 60.0496 mg / 100g TAE which has the potential as an antioxidant with an IC50 value of 81.811 mg / L which is included in the strong antioxidant category, and has various types of active compounds, namely the nonpolar fraction contains 53 compounds and the polar fraction contains 46 compounds activity and the level of public preference for So'e tangerine peel tea was higher in refined tea than coarse tea. Keywords: Citrus reticulata, phytochemicals, DPPH, GC-MS, traditional tea.

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