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MAHKAMAH: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Siber Syekh Nurjati Cirebon
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 186 Documents
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KAJIAN HISTORIS TENTANG MODEL ISTINBATH AL AHKAM PADA MASA AWAL ISLAM Achmad Achmad
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11736

Abstract

This study aims to discuss and review the model of using the ijtihad method that has been used by the early Islamic generation, especially the companions. Although scientifically the standard model of ijtihad only emerged in the second century of Hijriyah, especially after Imam Syafii wrote Arrisalah, in fact historically it turned out that long before that, the products of ijtihad which were the result of the thoughts of the Companions, became known as ijtihad. Friend. From the results of the research, it turns out that the friend's Ijtihad method, both when the Prophet was still alive and after his death was already developed, at least the ijtihad method embryo was born.The method used in this study is descriptive analysis method, the approach is using qualitative methods. Because this research is related to the study of the method of thinking of the characters (friends) of the past, this research is included in historical research. In collecting data, this research fully uses library research.From the results of this study it was found that since the beginning of Islam the istinbath al ahkam model and the ijtihad method have been formed, which was initiated by the generation of companions. The majority of scholars agree on this, but they differ on what method the Companions used in their ijtihad
HUKUM DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 Jefik Zulfikar Hafizd; Theguh Saumantri
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11185

Abstract

Pandemi COV1D-1 9 membawa berbagai tantangan dan probematika sosial di tengah pandemi tidak hanya berdampak serius terhadap kesehatan masyarakat, tetapi juga di bidang hukum. Pandemi adalah perubahan sosial yang mempengaruhi kondisi hukum di masyarakat. Di satu sisi, dalam konteks perubahan sosial (social change), bidang hukum dan perubahan sosial saling mempengaruhi. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian studi kepustakaan (library research), yang memiliki tujuan yakni menelusuri dan menelaah suatu data atau informasi mengenai bahasan penelitian dan pengolahan data dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif analisis untuk mendapatkan suatu gambaran terperinci dari objek pembahasan. Dari penelitian didapat kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh perubahan sosial terhadap perubahan hukum, sebaliknya perubahan hukum juga berpengaruh terhadap perubahan sosial masyarakat. Hubungan antara perubahan sosial dan sektor hukum tersebut merupakan hubungan interaksi. Dalam kondisi inilah peran hukum sebagai sarana perubahan sosial penting untuk dioptimalkan.
PELAKSANAAN PEMBERIAN BANTUAN HUKUM BAGI MASYARAKAT YANG TIDAK MAMPU DALAM PANDANGAN HUKUM ISLAM (Study Kasus di Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Pancaran Hati Cirebon Akhmad Shodikin; Didi Sukardi; Lailiyah Lailiyah
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11591

Abstract

This study aims to determine the implementation of providing legal aid for the poor at the Pancaran Hati Cirebon Legal Aid Institute (LBH) and the views of Islamic law on providing legal aid for underprivileged communities at the Pancaran Hati Cirebon Legal Aid Institute (LBH). The research method used is qualitative research. Qualitative research that describes phenomena or research facts as they are. This type of research is an empirical juridical research that examines legal provisions. Research data obtained from interviews and documentation. The implementation of providing legal aid for underprivileged communities at the Pancaran Hati Cirebon Legal Aid Institute (LBH) plays a very important role in providing legal aid to underprivileged communities seeking justice. To obtain legal assistance, namely by submitting a written application containing the identity of the applicant (KK or KTP), attaching an SKTM (certificate of incapacity) and briefly describing the case, submitting case documents and surveys to the home location. Budget funds in providing legal assistance from the BPHN Ministry of Law and Human Rights, the Government of West Java Legal Bureau and the Government of West Java's Kuningan Law Bureau. The duties and authorities of the Legal Aid Institute (LBH) Pancaran Hati Cirebon are to provide litigation and non-litigation legal assistance to people who can't afford it. The inhibiting factor in providing legal aid is that not all people know about legal aid institutions and the lack of legal education. The view of Islamic law on the provision of legal aid for underprivileged communities at the Legal Aid Institute (LBH) Pancaran Hati Cirebon is that it has become an order from Allah SWT in upholding Islamic law with the principles of justice, equality and mutual help, namely that everyone has the right to his or her rights and everyone equal status before the law. The implementation of providing legal aid to the poor is an application of the principle of mutual assistance in terms of goodness and piety. This act is a worship relationship between fellow creatures (hablum minannas) with the aim of benefiting the people.
POLIGAMI DALAM TAFSIR MUBADALAH Gandhi Liyorba Indra; Marisa Putri
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11115

Abstract

Jurnal ini bertujuan menjelaskan tentang tafsir mubadalah dalamhal poligami. Data utama terdiri dari buku Faqihuddin Abdul Kadir berjudul Qira’ah Mubadalah, buku-buku berkaitan dengan poligami, karya ilmiah berupa tesis, jurnal, artikel, skripsi, dan bahan pendukung lainnya. Hasil dari artikel ini bahwa mubadalah memiliki pandangan terkait poligami, bahwa pandangan mubadalah terkait poligami ialah: (1) Poligami bukanlah solusi dalam relasi pasangan suami istri, melainkan problem yang akan sering mendatangkan kemudharatan. Perempuan mempunyai hak mutlak untuk menolak poligami dengan alasan menghindari dari kerusakan dan mudharat yang akan terjadi pada dirinya atau keluarganya. (2) Perempuan tidak berhak melarang suaminya untuk berpoligami akan tetapi dia mempunyai hak cerai jika dia tidak terima untuk dipoligami, untuk kehidupan yang layak dan bahagia.
E-LITIGASI DALAM MEWUJUDKAN ASAS PERADILAN SEDERHANA, CEPAT DAN BIAYA RINGAN Fatin Hamamah
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11652

Abstract

The existence of electronic litigation services (e-litigation) is applied in all district courts in Indonesia. Regarding the use of e-litigation applied in court, the author will raise e-litigation as a research theme because there are still many people who do not understand the procedure for e-litigation. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with an empirical juridical approach to examine the implementation of e-litigation in realizing the principle of simple, fast and low cost, with the research locus at the Majalengka District Court. The results showed that the implementation of e-litigation in realizing the principle of simple, fast and low-cost justice has not run optimally. There are several factors that become obstacles in the implementation of e-litigation, including disagreements from one party when conducting an e-litigation trial, people do not understand the use of technology and many people do not know about e-litigation (electronic trial).
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA KERATON TERHADAP KURSUS PRA NIKAH BAGI CALON PENGANTIN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KELUARGA SAKINAH DAN SEJAHTERA Leliya Leliya; Nursyamsudin Nursyamsudin; Muhamad Mujahidin
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11549

Abstract

Pernikahan merupakan sebuah perjalanan panjang yang akan dilalui bersama oleh pasangan suami istri yang terkadang dalam perjalanan tersebut menemui berbagai rintangan, permasalahan, serta hambatan yang datang silih berganti baik dari segi ekonomi, sosial hingga penyebab masalah lainnya. Untuk itu perlu adanya suatu pembekalan atau pembimbingan terhadap calon pengantin sebelum mereka mengarungi lautan rumah tangga yang mana sebagian besar kehidupan individual manusia akan dihabiskan di sana. Adapun pembekalan yang dimaksud dapat diperoleh melalui kursus pra nikah. kursus pra nikah ini merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dan solusi bagi calon pengantin atau remaja yang telah memasuki usia nikah dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi terjadinya krisis perkawinan yang berakhir pada perceraian. Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) berbasis program studi dilaksanakan di Desa Keraton Kecamatan Suranenggala Kabupaten Cirebon. Lokus pengabdian yang dipiilih di Desa Kaeraton karena rata-rata besarnya angka perceraian dibandingkan pernikahan sebesar 36,7% tiap tahunnya angka ini lebih dari dua kali lipat dari angka perceraian Nasional sebesar 18%. Metode yang digunakan dalam pegabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah Participatory Action Research (PAR). PAR merupakan kegiatan riset yang dilaksanakan secara partisipatif di antara masyarakat warga dalam suatu komunitas atau lingkup sosial yang lebih luas untuk mendorong terjadinya aksi-aksi transformatif (perubahan kondisi hidup yang lebih baik). Adapun indikator keberhasilan dari pelaksanaan PkM ini bisa terlihat data tingkat pemahaman peserta yang tadinya di pre test pada kategori pemahaman baik meningkat dari 30% kemudian naik menjadi 50% dan pada kategori baik sekali meningkat 5% menjadi 10% setelah dilakukan pemberian materri kursus pra nikah dan post test. Hal ini mengindikasikan berhasilnya kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat Desa Keraton yaitu  Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Keraton Terhadap Kursus Pra Nikah Bagi Calon Pengantin Dalam Mewujudkan Keluarga Sakinah Dan Sejahtera.
TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARI’AH TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN KANTONG PLASTIK DALAM JUAL BELI DI PASAR TANJUNG BAJURE SUNGAI PENUH Rifqi Nurdiansyah; Doli Witro
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11625

Abstract

The trend of plastic waste is almost found in various parts of Indonesia, including Sungai Penuh City, Jambi Province. On the one hand, it must be acknowledged that plastic can be obtained easily in the buying and selling process. At the Tanjung Bajure Sungai Penuh market, plastic bags are not set at a price or, in other languages, are given free of charge. On the other hand, it can then be obtained easily, of course, it does not make plastic bags that can still be used and thrown away. The large amount of plastic waste found in the Sungai Penuh, especially in the river, is an indication that people still consider plastic a trivial matter and do not yet have high ecological awareness. Therefore, buying and selling that opens the way or provides opportunities for environmental damage needs to be explored and studied further to get a better solution for the sale and purchase. This study aims to review the sharia economic law on the services of traders providing plastic bag services to buyers at the Tanjung Bajure Market, Sungai Penuh. This type of research uses a qualitative approach. The primary data in this study is data obtained employing interviews and observations, and it is possible to use the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method. Secondary data is obtained from library data such as books, classic scholarly books, scientific articles, research reports, internet websites, etc. related to the research topics discussed. Technical data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show a review of sharia economic law on the services of traders who provide plastic bag services to buyers at the Tanjung Bajure Market, Sungai Penuh as long as there is awareness to dispose of plastic bag waste in its place or recycle the plastic bag so that it does not cause damage and environmental pollution, then it is permissible. This is done by looking at the level of benefit from the benefits of the plastic bag.
KEKERASAN PSIKIS OLEH ISTRI TERHADAP SUAMI PRESPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG PENGHAPUSAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA Abdul Fatakh
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11084

Abstract

Artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa faktor ekonomi penyebab terjadinya kekerasan psikis yang dilakukan oleh istri terhadap suami disebabkan, sehingga istri acap kali mengucapkan kata-kata yang menyingung suaminya dengan merendahkan pekerjaan maupun pendapatannya. Selain itu istri berbicara dengan nada tinggi dan membentak suami, sehingga suami merasa tertekan, sering melamun, menyendiri dan tidak ada semangat dalam dirinya. Perilaku istri tersebut bertentangan dengan hukum Islam, baik menurut Al-Qur’an, Al-Hadits, maupun ijma’ ulama. Mestinya, istri harus menunaikan kewajibannya dengan berakhlak mulia terhadap suami, sehingga terhindar dari tindakan nusyuz oleh suami. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode kualitatif normatif yaitu suatu penelitian hasil dari data deskriptif  yang dimulai dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan, yang bertujuan mengutamakan unsur keaslian dalam suatu penelitian.
‘URF SEBAGAI DASAR RATIO DECIDENDI DALAM PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA Nurbaiti Bahrudin
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.11641

Abstract

Abstrak Putusan hakim masih belum mencerminkan nilai kepastian hukum, keadilan dan kemaslahatan yang didambakan para pencari keadilan. Padahal, Pengadilan Agama sebagai institusi penegak hukum Islam berperan mewujudkan kemaslahatan atau tujuan hukum tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa penerapan‘urf dalam putusan Pengadilan Agama.Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, yang akan menggunakan pendekatan maslahah. Sumber data primer adalah berupa putusan Peradilan Agama tentang harta bersama. Sedangkan data sekunder adalah berupa bahan pustaka yang terdiri dari buku-buku atau kitab, undang-undang, jurnal dan artikel yang relevan dengan tema kajian ini. Selain itu, penelitian ini menggunakan metode content analysis.Kesimpulan tesis ini adalah putusan hukum yang didasarkan pada kontekstualitas lebih berorientasi pada maslahah. Kontekstualitas hakim dilakukan melalui interpretasi teks hukum dengan memperhatikan nilai-nilai yang ada di masyarakat (‘urf). Selain itu juga, karena nilai-nilai maslahah terdapat dalam ‘urf. Sehingga, ‘urf  dapat disebut juga sebagai maslahah.Kata kunci: ‘urf, maslahah, ratio decidendi Abstract There are judges' decisions that do not reflect the value of legal certainty, justice and benefits expected by justice seekers. In fact, the Religious Courts as Islamic law enforcement institutions that must realize the benefit or purpose of the law. The purpose of this research is analyzing the application of 'urf in the decisions of the Religious Courts.This research is included to quantitative research which used ‘maslahah’ as an approach. The primary sources of this research are the data of religious court regarding community property. Meanwhile, the secondary sources of this research are some related literatures such as books, constitutional book, journals, and relevant articles. Moreover, This research using the method content analysis.The conclusion of this thesis is the law decision which concerns on the contextuality that more oriented to “maslahah”. Judge’s contextuality was conducted through law text interpretation with considering the values that exist in society (‘urf). Moreover, concerning that the “maslahah” values are also available in ‘urf, hence, the ‘urf itself can be called as “maslahah”. 
STUDI KOMPARATIF TERHADAP PRINSIP-PRINSIP ASURANSI SYARIAH MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 40 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERASURANSIAN Aldi Rinaldi; Muhammad Fauzan Januri; Jaenudin Jaenudin
Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24235/mahkamah.v7i2.10854

Abstract

This research is entitled a comparative study of the principles of sharia insurance according to Islamic law and Law No. 40 of 2014 concerning insurance. In its operations, in addition to complying with the legal terms of the agreement, insurance must also comply with the principles of insurance law. The purpose of these principles is to provide a framework within which all parties to a transaction will receive fair and proper treatment. This study aims to discuss the principles of insurance law in Islam and the principles of insurance in Law No. 40 of 2014 concerning insurance by conducting a comparative study which is expected to find similarities and differences. The research method used by the author is using descriptive analysis and comparative research, the data collection technique used is library research. The results of this study there are six principles of sharia insurance in Islamic law, namely; the Principle of Insurable Interest, the Principle of Utmost Good Faith, the Principle of Indemnity, the Principle of Subrogation, the Principle of Proximate Cause, and the Principle of Contribution. While the principles of sharia insurance contained in Law No. 40 of 2014 is the application of sharia principles in accordance with the DSN MUI fatwa, then regarding legal relations in insurance agreements that take provisions from KHES, and legal consequences in insurance which in case of disputes are resolved through mediation. 

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