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All Journal Islamadina : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Jurnal Kybernan Insignia: Journal of International Relations Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL JAWI : Journal of Southeast Asia Islamic Contemporary Issues Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Indonesian Perspective Sociae Polites: Majalah Ilmiah Sosial-Politik Dauliyah Journal of Islamic and International Affairs JIPAGS (Journal of Indonesian Public Administration and Governance Studies) WANUA : Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Journal of Governance Journal of Islamic World and Politics Jurnal Pertahanan : Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional AEGIS : Journal of International Relations Buletin Ilmiah Nagari Membangun Jurnal ICMES: The Journal of Middle East Studies Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Global Political Studies Journal Sosio Dialektika DINAMIKA GLOBAL : JURNAL ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL Jurnal PIR : Power in International Relations Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Journal of Diplomacy and International Studies WIMAYA: Interdisciplinary Journal of International Affairs Review of International Relations (Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hubungan Internasional) Jurnal Politica Dinamika Masalah Politik Dalam Negeri dan Hubungan Internasional Sentris Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs Indonesian Journal of Peace and Security Studies JDEP (Jurnal Dinamika Ekonomi Pembangunan) BUANA GENDER : Jurnal Studi Gender dan Anak Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Indonesian Perspective Media Bina Ilmiah Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Indonesia Jurnal Keamanan Nasional Journal of Islamic World and Politics Dharma: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Indonesian Social Sciences and Humanities Rahmah
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The Institutional Agency of Football Club (FC) Barcelona in Catalonia’s Protodiplomatic Strategy Toward Spain (2019–2021) Nsw, Rayia Khaza; Laode Muhamad Fathun
Journal of Paradiplomacy and City Networks Vol. 5 No. 1: June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpcn.v5i1.113

Abstract

This article examines FC Barcelona’s institutional agency in Catalonia’s protodiplomacy strategy toward Spain following the 2017 independence referendum, with a specific focus on the period 2019–2021. Catalonia, as an autonomous region with a strong cultural and political identity, saw an escalation of protodiplomatic efforts following the curtailment of its autonomy by the Spanish Constitutional Court in 2010. Within this dynamic, FC Barcelona emerged as a significant non-state actor in projecting Catalan identity onto the global stage. This study aims to identify and analyze the strategic role played by the club in supporting regional protodiplomatic narratives and agendas. Using a descriptive qualitative method grounded in document analysis and interviews, this study draws upon Clive Archer’s role theory, the concept of protodiplomacy by Kuznetsov and Soldatos, and Benedict Anderson’s idea of imagined communities. The findings indicate that FC Barcelona consistently exercises its institutional agency through the promotion of identity elements such as language, flag symbols, and Catalan historical narratives. Despite facing sports regulatory restrictions and political pressure from the Spanish central government, the club effectively represents the Catalan identity struggle. In conclusion, FC Barcelona functions as a strategic instrument in Catalan protodiplomacy, affirming its role that transcends that of a commercial sports entity to become an influential political representation of identity on the international stage.
Reorientation of Indonesia's Foreign Policy In President Jokowi's Era: Case Studies Southwest Pacific Laode Muhamad Fathun
Indonesian Perspective Vol 9, No 2 (2024): (Desember 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v9i2.65271

Abstract

Looking at the contribution of Indonesia's leadership in the region that has been built for a long time, it can be seen, among others, through Indonesia's prominent role in the Southwest Pacific region through the Southwest Pacific Dialogue (SwPd). Seeing how Indonesia became the initiator at that time can be the basis for Indonesia's leadership in the Southwest Pacific region today. This paper aims to find out how Indonesia's geopolitically oriented foreign policy under the leadership of President Jokowi is further examined in the southwest Pacific region. The theory used in this study is poliheuristic theory. The research method used is a qualitative paradigm with descriptive analysis and secondary data collection techniques from various relevant references. The results show that under President Jokowi's leadership, a reorientation of Indonesia's foreign policy in the Southwest Pacific region is crucial. This is based on the orientation of Indonesia's national interests, especially securing and ensuring that the political and security fields become the top priorities in foreign policy.
Reorientation of Indonesia's Foreign Policy In President Jokowi's Era: Case Studies Southwest Pacific Laode Muhamad Fathun
Indonesian Perspective Vol 9, No 2 (2024): (Desember 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v9i2.65271

Abstract

Looking at the contribution of Indonesia's leadership in the region that has been built for a long time, it can be seen, among others, through Indonesia's prominent role in the Southwest Pacific region through the Southwest Pacific Dialogue (SwPd). Seeing how Indonesia became the initiator at that time can be the basis for Indonesia's leadership in the Southwest Pacific region today. This paper aims to find out how Indonesia's geopolitically oriented foreign policy under the leadership of President Jokowi is further examined in the southwest Pacific region. The theory used in this study is poliheuristic theory. The research method used is a qualitative paradigm with descriptive analysis and secondary data collection techniques from various relevant references. The results show that under President Jokowi's leadership, a reorientation of Indonesia's foreign policy in the Southwest Pacific region is crucial. This is based on the orientation of Indonesia's national interests, especially securing and ensuring that the political and security fields become the top priorities in foreign policy.