Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Perlindungan Hukum bagi Konsumen dalam Transaksi E-Commerce Jual Beli Burung Kicauan di Surakarta Wahyusaputri, Vanessa Maharani; Nugroho, Asianto; Hermawan, Sapto
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i2.6962

Abstract

The online buying and selling of songbirds in Surakarta has grown significantly with the rise of e-commerce, offering convenience, efficiency, and broader market access. Consumers can easily browse and purchase birds through various online platforms without geographical limitations. However, this type of transaction also presents several risks, including fraud, uncertainty about the bird’s quality, and potential issues during shipping, such as injury or death. Legal protection for consumers engaging in online transactions is regulated under Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (UUPK) and Law No. 11 of 2008, amended by Law No. 19 of 2016, on Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE). These regulations outline the rights and obligations of both business actors and consumers to ensure fair and secure transactions. Despite the benefits of online transactions, challenges such as lack of transparency, unreliable sellers, and logistical issues remain prevalent. Consumers are advised to conduct transactions with reputable sellers, such as members of bird enthusiasts’ communities, to reduce the risk of fraud. Additionally, in cases of consumer losses, dispute resolution mechanisms are available through e-commerce complaint services or institutions such as the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK), Consumer Protection Organizations (LPKSM), and the Indonesian Consumers Foundation (YLKI). As online commerce continues to evolve, strengthening consumer protection mechanisms is essential to creating a more secure and reliable marketplace for songbird enthusiasts.
KAJIAN TERHADAP TINDAKAN ADMINISTRASI PADA KEKUASAAN YUDIKATIF PASCA BERLAKUNYA UNDANG-UNDANG ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN Hermawan, Sapto; Herman, Herman
Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia - Maret 2021
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Peraturan Perundang-undang, Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54629/jli.v18i1.674

Abstract

AbstrakDalam rangka menyesuaikan beragam aktivitas pemerintahan maka tindakan administrasi sebagai instrumen pemerintahan dalam menjalankan tugas pemerintahan juga mengalami perluasan penafsiran baik dari sisi bentuk, substansi, maupun kriteria. Mendalilkan pada substansi di dalam Undang-Undang tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan, tindakan administrasi kemudian diberikan perluasan jangkauan kekuasaan sampai merambah pada kekuasaan legislatif dan yudikatif. Artikel ini disusun dengan menggunakan metodologi penelitian normatif, di mana digunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual, kemudian sumber bahan hukum sekunder dianalisis dan dikualifikasi untuk kemudian dikerucutkan guna menjawab rumusan permasalahan yuridis yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) alasan berpijak doktrinal perihal tindakan administrasi pada wilayah kekuasaan yudikatif (Mahkamah Agung) sebagaimana diatur di dalam UU AP tidak mendapatkan porsi pembahasan yang cukup, konsekuensi hukumnya akan sulit untuk memberikan penafsiran serta membedakan kriteria atas tindakan administrasi pada wilayah kekuasaan eksekutif dan kekuasaan yudikatif dari perspektif teori dan doktrin hukum administrasi negara; (2) bentuk tindakan administrasi pada kekuasaan yudikatif telah dirumuskan secara limitatif melalui Peraturan Mahkamah Agung, Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung, dan Surat Keputusan, namun apabila dibandingkan dengan pengaturan di dalam Pasal 87 UU AP maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tindakan administrasi pada kekuasaan yudikatif justru berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum; dan (3) Upaya hukum yang dapat ditempuh terhadap kesalahan atau kekeliruaun atas tindakan administrasi pada wilayah kekuasaan yudikatif pada tataran praktik dirasa sulit untuk dilakukan sebelum UU AP dan UU PTUN dilakukan upaya harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi. Kata kunci: tindakan administrasi, kekuasaan yudikatif AbstractIn order to adjust various government activities, administrative actions as a government instruments in carrying out governmental daily tasks also facing an extended interpretation in terms of form, substance, and criteria. According to essential of the Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration, administrative actions are then given an extended interpretation over legislative and judicial powers. This article is composed using a normative research methodology, in which the statutory and conceptual approach is used, then secondary legal material is analyzed and qualified to be tighten to answer the existing legal issues. This articels revealed that (1) normative reasoning regarding administrative actions in the judicial power (Supreme Court) as regulated in the law number 30 of 2014 never get enough eplanation, the legal consequences is will be difficult not only to provide a comprehensive administrative interpretation but also to give a distinc qualification of administrative actions in judicial power related to the theory and doctrine of administrative law;(2) the administrative action on judicial power has been formulated limitatively through Supreme Court Regulations, Supreme Court Administrative Bill, and Supreme Court Decision, but when compared with the Article 87 of the Law Number 30 of 2014 concering Government Administratrion it can be summarized that administrative actions on judicial power may have cause of legal uncertainty; and (3) Legal remedies that can be taken against administrative wrongdoing at the judicial power, practically are considered difficult to be implemented prior to the Law concerning Goverment Administration and the Law concerning Administrative Court are successfull to be harmonized and synchronized. Keywords: administrative action, judicial power.
Enforcement Against Extraordinary Members (ALB) of Notaries Who Violate the Notary Code of Ethics Rahmawati, Nur Ainiyah; Sulistiyono, Adi; Hermawan, Sapto
Law Development Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/ldj.7.2.302-312

Abstract

The Notary Code of Ethics is a set of rules that are enforced and obeyed by notaries, used as guidelines for all notaries regarding what they should do, and at the same time guarantee the quality of notaries' conduct in the eyes of the public. Notaries who violate the provisions of the code of ethics will damage the reputation of the notary profession in the eyes of the public. The Indonesian Notary Association (INI) has three types of members: Regular Members, Extraordinary Members, and Honorary Members. To become a member of the INI association, prospective notaries must meet the requirements of a bachelor's degree in Law and a Notary Education/Specialized Notary Education diploma, and have passed the ALB selection process conducted by the INI as an official member of the INI organization. Once they have passed the ALB Notary exam and become members of INI, ALB Notaries must undergo an internship at a Notary office with the requirement of having served as a Notary for a minimum of 5 (five) years and having drafted at least 100 (one hundred) deeds. The internship must be completed as a prospective Notary for a consecutive period of 24 (twenty-four) months. During the internship period, the ALB Notary must already adhere to the Notary Code of Ethics since they are already a member of the INI organization. However, under the provisions of the Notary Code of Ethics, the ALB Notary is not included among those required to comply with the Notary Code of Ethics. The Notary Code of Ethics is only mandatory for those who have already assumed the position of Notary. Therefore, there is still a legal loophole for ALB Notaries if they engage in actions that violate the Notary Code of Ethics. The author used normative legal research in this study. A legislative approach and a conceptual approach were used in this study. The purpose of this study is to analyze and understand the handling of ALB Notaries who violate the Notary Code of Ethics.
Challenges and Prospects of State Administrative Law for Enforcing Consumer Rights in the Digital Era Laksono, Farmasinta Setyaning; Subekti, Rahayu; Hermawan, Sapto
Multidiscience : Journal of Multidisciplinary Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : CV. Strata Persada Academia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59631/multidiscience.v2i2.240

Abstract

The digital era has significantly transformed consumer behavior while simultaneously presenting new challenges in the protection of consumer rights. This study aims to analyze the juridical challenges and prospects of state administrative law in enforcing consumer rights within the digital context. Employing normative legal research methods, this study is based on secondary data, including statutory regulations, academic literature, and tertiary legal references. The findings reveal a regulatory gap caused by the rapid pace of technological advancement, weak inter-agency coordination, limited digital literacy among consumers, and the complexity of cross-border transactions. Although the Consumer Protection Law serves as the primary legal foundation, its implementation remains insufficient in the digital realm. Consequently, state administrative law must undergo adaptive transformation by enhancing digital public services, personal data protection, and the accountability of public officials. Comprehensive regulatory reform, capacity building for legal apparatus, development of digital infrastructure, and public education are essential to establishing an effective and responsive consumer protection framework in the digital age. This research contributes both theoretically and practically to the renewal of administrative law and the formulation of adaptive public policy for digital consumer protection.
Perkembangan Ekonomi Syariah Dalam Dinamika Ekonomi Global: Studi Prinsip Halal Dalam Kerangka Hukum GATT/WTO Sari, Sella Ellissa Devita; Hermawan, Sapto
Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian Vol. 4 No. 8 (2025): JURNAL LOCUS: Penelitian dan Pengabdian
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/locus.v4i8.4171

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji relevansi prinsip-prinsip halal yang bersumber dari nash-nash Al-Qur’an dalam konteks hukum perdagangan internasional, khususnya dalam kerangka GATT/WTO, serta menelaah sejauh mana prinsip halal dapat dijustifikasi sebagai pengecualian moral publik (public morals exception) sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal XX huruf (a) GATT. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prinsip halal tidak hanya bersifat transendental dan imperatif bagi umat Islam, tetapi juga mencerminkan nilai moral kolektif yang dilembagakan secara hukum dalam kebijakan nasional, seperti Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal. Dalam kerangka WTO, prinsip moral publik diakui sebagai dasar sah untuk membatasi perdagangan internasional selama tidak bersifat diskriminatif dan merupakan langkah yang paling tidak membatasi perdagangan. Melalui analisis yurisprudensi WTO seperti US-Gambling, EC-Seal Products, dan Brazil-Retreaded Tyres, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa prinsip halal dapat dibingkai sebagai bagian dari moral publik yang sah secara hukum internasional, sehingga tetap relevan dan dapat dipertahankan dalam dinamika perdagangan global kontemporer.
Konsistensi Putusan Hakim Terhadap Perkara Kerugian Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia Wahyuni, Sri; Rahmawati, Arum Nur; Kumala Dewi, Cheryl Permata; Manika, Widya Chrisna; Hermawan, Sapto
ADLIYA: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): ADLIYA : Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/adliya.v15i2.12909

Abstract

To ensure environmental sustainability, environmental management must be supported by the enforcement of environmental law through litigation process, whether on criminal, civil, or administrative aspects.  (In Indonesia, there are numerous cases of environmental losses, as well as examples of environmental damage that have been attempted on the court of mandalawangi, natural kallista and sungailiat cases.) The purpose of this research is to find out the extent of court decisions’s consistencies  on environmental cases Using normative legal research method, this research examined three court decisions form two different types of court, which are criminal court (Sungai Liat case) and civil court (Mandalawangi case and Kalistas case). It was found that these judicial decisions show inconsistencies. This condition may weaken the enforcement of environmental law in Indonesia. On the other hand, this difference in judgments may be apprehended as a new standpoint of environmental law in Indonesia. Keberlangsungan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup harus ditunjang dengan penegakan hukum lingkungan, baik melalui jalur peradilan maupun luar peradilan, baik yang bersifat perdata, pidana, maupun administrasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji tiga kasus lingkungan hidup yang diselesaikan melalui peradilan pidana dan perdata, yaitu Kasus Mandalawangi, Kasus Kallista Alam dan Kasus Sungailiat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui problematika penegakan hukum lingkungan hidup di Indonesia, dan untuk mengetahui dampak dari konsistensi putusan hakim dalam perkara lingkungan di Indonesia yang berbeda-beda. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, ketiga putusan hakim tersebut di atas dikaji dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitin menunjukkan bahwa ketiga kasus tersebut diputuskan secara berbeda. Inkonsistensi tersebut dapat menjadi faktor pelemahan penegakan hukum lingkungan di Indonesia. Namun di samping itu dapat dimaknai sebagai suatu pandangan baru terhadap ketentuan lingkungan hidup di Indonesia.
Resolving the Judiciary Tensions between the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court of Indonesia Purwadi, Hari; Hermawan, Sapto; Soares, Ardyllis Alves; Németh-Szebeni, Zsófia; Kusuma, Febrian Indar Surya
Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024): Navigating Legal Landscapes: Exploring Justice Development in Indonesia and the
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.vol9i1.4635

Abstract

This paper addresses a critical issue undermining the legal coherence and judicial stability in Indonesia: the discord between the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court in the realm of judicial review. This paper uncovers the root cause as a weak chain of validity in law formation, aggravated by divergent legal frameworks governing each court through utilizing doctrinal research methods. Drawing on Bullygin's deontic logic theory, the paper reveals a lack of explicit cross-sectoral policy synchronization. To immediately alleviate these tensions, this paper proposes the establishment of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the two courts, aiming to solidify the chain of legal norms and restore systemic stability. For a long-term resolution, a comprehensive revision of the judiciary law is advocated. This research serves as an urgent call for coordinated reforms to bolster the integrity and efficiency of Indonesia's judicial system.
PELAKSANAAN PENGAWASAN BKPSDM TERHADAP APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA DALAM MENJAMIN DISIPLIN KERJA DAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI SUKOHARJO Nugroho, Dwi; Waluyo, Waluyo; Hermawan, Sapto
Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora
Publisher : Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Penelitian ini bermaksud guna mengkaji pengawasan yang dilaksanakan oleh BKPSDM Kabupaten Sukoharjo terhadap Aparatur Sipil Negara di lingkungan pemerintah Sukoharjo serta mengkaji faktor-faktor yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan tersebut. Kajian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif. Pendekatan yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Teknik yang dipakai dalam pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumen kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menerapkan teknis analisis metode deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu menggunakan analisis kualitatif yang dapat menghasilkan penyajian data secara deskriptif dengan analisanya. Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pengawasan ASN oleh BKPSDM Sukoharjo diatur didalam Peraturan Bupati Sukoharjo Nomor 67 Tahun 2022 dimana Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (BKPSDM) Kabupaten Sukoharjo menggunakan berbagai metode dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap Aparatur Sipil Negara, termasuk menggunakan aplikasi presensi online dan sistem reward and punishment. Selain itu, implementasi pengawasan yang dilakukan terhadap ASN di lingkungan Sukoharjo belum sepenuhnya berjalan efektif, karena dalam menjatuhkan hukuman disiplin berdasarkan tingkatan/jenjang pejabat yang menjatuhkan dan menerimanya sehingga pengaturan tersebut menimbulkan kerancuan dan berpotensi ketidakadilan karena standar hukuman disiplin mungkin dapat berbeda di setiap instansi di Sukoharjo. Selain itu, Pelaksanaan pengawasan terhadap Aparatur Sipil Negara oleh BKPSDM Kabupaten Sukoharjo menghadapi kendala seperti kurangnya jumlah SDM, kurangnya kerjasama antar perangkat daerah, dan hambatan dalam pembinaan dan sosialisasi ASN.
PENGGUNAAN PENTA HELIX MODEL SEBAGAI UPAYA INTEGRATIF MEMERANGI SAMPAH PLASTIK DI LAUT INDONESIA Hermawan, Sapto; Astuti, Wida
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): Bina Hukum Lingkungan, Volume 5, Nomor 2, Februari 2021
Publisher : Asosiasi Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Mendalilkan kepada beberapa hasil penelitian, Indonesia dikelompokkan sebagai salah satu produsen sampah plastik di laut, sehingga situasi ini perlu mendapatkan peran nyata secara integratif dan serius. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis penggunaan model Penta Helix sebagai salah satu upaya integratif guna memerangi sampah plastik di laut Indonesia melalui kajian dari masing-masing elemen pembentuk model Penta Helix. Masing-masing elemen sebagai penyusun model Penta Helix yaitu elemen Pemerintah, elemen Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat, elemen Sektor Swasta, elemen Perguruan Tinggi, dan elemen Masyarakat Madani. Artikel ini disusun menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa target penurunan sampah plastik di laut perlu didukung melalui sinergi semua elemen pemangku kepentingan yang menjadi unsur pembentuk model Penta Helix. Mendasarkan analisis dari masing-masing elemen model Penta Helix dapat disimpulkan bahwa elemen peran Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat sudah bagus. Elemen peran pemerintah cukup baik kendatipun masih ada beberapa kelemahan. Tiga elemen tersisa yaitu peran perguruan tinggi; peran sektor swasta; dan peran masyarakat madani tampaknya perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus dan perlu ditingkatkan lagi. Artikel ini berpendapat, jika masing-masing elemen pembentuk model Penta Helix dipergunakan dengan terukur dan terintegrasi maka selain target penurunan sampah laut akan lebih cepat terealisasi, dalam jangka panjang juga bermanfaat untuk menjaga ekosistem laut secara berkelanjutan.
Strategi Representasi Eksternal Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Kognitif Materi Hukum Newton Gerak Lurus Hermawan, Sapto; Parlindungan Sinaga; Hikmat
Jurnal Pendidikan Nusantara Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Pendidikan Nusantara (May-August)
Publisher : Tahta Media Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55080/jpn.v1i2.14

Abstract

External Representation is a learning strategy that is applied to convey the subject matter of teaching to students by using various modes of representation. The mode of representation consists of verbal representations, images, graphics, and mathematics. The application of the RE approach because learners experience learning obstacles to be able to understand newton's law of straight motion that is only conveyed verbally and mathematically. The purpose of this research is to train and improve students' cognitive skills in the domains of C1 (remembering), C2 (understanding), C3 (applying), and C4 (analyzing) in learning Physics. The research method used is a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group design. The subjects of this study were selected by purposive sampling. The students of class X Mathematics and Natural Sciences in a high school in West Bandung regency were 30 students in the experimental class and 30 students in the control class. Measurement of cognitive skills using multiple choice instruments on pre-test and post-test. Analysis to see the increase in students' cognitive skills using normalized gain analysis. The results obtained that the experimental class students have increased to the moderate category with a <g>= 0.41 and students in the control class have a moderate category with a value of <g>= 0.36 from each cognitive domain skill that is trained.