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The Changing of Recognition Patterns for Indigenous Legal Communities in Indonesia's Legal System Kusuma, Febrian; Hermawan, Sapto
Indonesian Journal of Administrative Law and Local Government Vol. 2 No. 01 (2025): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (IJALGOV)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/ijalgov.v1i01.40307

Abstract

Indigenous peoples' constitutional rights recognition is closely related to the struggle for Human Rights. Although Indonesia has thousands of indigenous communities that have been recognized since the colonial era, the legal issue of identifying the identity of indigenous peoples as legitimate citizens is still ongoing. This problem arises with the absence of definite indicators in the constitution that can be used to describe the resolution of indigenous peoples clearly. This article aims to examine the consistency of the mechanism for recognizing the rights of indigenous peoples in the Draft Law on Indigenous Peoples with the principles of Good Legal Formulation. The research was conducted using doctrinal research methods. The conceptual and regulatory approaches were used to find the construction of the ideal legal form in guaranteeing the rights of indigenous peoples. The eight principles of legality are the basis for building legal arguments in ensuring that the Draft Law on Indigenous Peoples has been made following the principles of Good Legal Formulation. The results of the study show that there are still weaknesses in the procedure for recognizing indigenous peoples that have the potential to harm these communities, thereby causing social change. From these findings, it can be concluded that the government needs to review the indicators and procedures used to obtain constitutive recognition for indigenous peoples. This research will have a significant impact on the provision of constitutional rights and improving the standard of living of indigenous peoples in Indonesia.
Tantangan dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penundaan Implementasi Pajak Karbon di Indonesia Sofiyati, Rizqy Alifa; Hermawan, Sapto
Bilancia: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): BILANCIA
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24239/blc.v17i2.2150

Abstract

This research analyzes the challenges and factors influencing the delayed implementation of carbon tax in Indonesia using a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review and document analysis. The research findings indicate that the challenges and factors affecting the delay in carbon tax implementation can be seen from various aspects. This study has shown that the challenges in the carbon tax implementation process include the balance between environmental goals and economic well-being, public awareness and acceptance, infrastructure readiness and emission monitoring, as well as weak law enforcement in carbon tax policy determination. Various factors influencing the delay in carbon tax implementation include dependence on fossil energy sources, resistance from affected industries, the absence of a carbon tax roadmap, and unclear carbon exposure thresholds. With this research, it is hoped to provide an in-depth understanding of Indonesia's unique challenges in addressing climate change and offer insights needed to design effective policies for reducing carbon emissions and achieving environmental protection goals while considering existing socio-economic impacts.
Implementasi Pemungutan Pajak Penghasilan pada Content Creator di Bawah Umur Syirat, Nisrina Mumtaz; Waluyo, Waluyo; Hermawan, Sapto
Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan Vol 10 No 14 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan 
Publisher : Peneliti.net

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13741669

Abstract

Latar belakang penelitian ini yaitu terciptanya suatu profesi baru, yakni content creator, sebagai dampak dari adanya perkembangan teknologi. Pelaku profesi content creator tidak hanya berasal dari kelompok orang dewasa saja, melainkan juga berasal dari kelompok anak-anak yang masih di bawah umur. Banyak dari anak di bawah umur tersebut yang telah memperoleh penghasilan besar atas profesi tersebut. Penghasilan tersebut merupakan potensi besar bagi penerimaan pajak Indonesia. Namun hingga saat ini masih belum ada peraturan perpajakan yang secara spesifik mengatur mengenai pajak penghasilan bagi content creator, khususnya yang masih berada di bawah umur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memahami implementasi pemungutan pajak penghasilan terhadap content creator di bawah umur berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1983 tentang Pajak Penghasilan sebagaimana telah beberapa kali diubah terakhir dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2021 tentang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan serta memahami hambatan dalam pelaksanaannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode penelitian normatif yang bersifat preskriptif dan terapan. Dalam implementasinya, pengenaan pajak penghasilan terhadap content creator di bawah umur didasarkan pada Pasal 8 ayat (4), dimana penghasilannya digabung dengan penghasilan orang tua/wali-nya. Dalam pelaksanaan pemungutannya terdapat beberapa hambatan yang terjadi, baik disebabkan oleh adanya perlawanan pasif maupun perlawanan aktif dari subjek pajak yang berkaitan
PERAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI DALAM MENGUJI KONSTITUSIONALITAS PRESIDENTIAL THRESHOLD: ANALISIS KRITIS PUTUSAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP DEMOKRASI Rizal, Muhammad; Hermawan, Sapto
NUSANTARA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Vol 12, No 9 (2025): Nusantara : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/jips.v12i9.2025.3913-3940

Abstract

Presidential Threshold atau ambang batas pencalonan presiden menjadi salah satu perdebatan konstitusional dalam praktik ketatanegaraan Indonesia modern. Ketentuan ini menimbulkan persoalan yuridis karena dinilai membatasi hak politik warga negara untuk dipilih dan memilih, yang dijamin dalam Pasal 28D dan Pasal 28I UUD 1945, sehingga menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip kedaulatan rakyat. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada perlunya menilai sejauh mana Mahkamah Konstitusi menjalankan perannya sebagai pengawal konstitusi dalam menguji norma presidential threshold yang berimplikasi langsung terhadap kualitas demokrasi. Masalah utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana Mahkamah Konstitusi menafsirkan dan memutus perkara judicial review terkait presidential threshold, serta bagaimana putusan tersebut memengaruhi prinsip demokrasi dan keadilan politik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis secara mendalam argumentasi hukum dan pertimbangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam putusan-putusan terkait, serta menilai dampak normatifnya terhadap sistem politik dan hak konstitusional warga negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus, berdasarkan analisis terhadap putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, peraturan pemilu, dan literatur akademik kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mahkamah Konstitusi masih mempertahankan presidential threshold sebagai kebijakan hukum terbuka (open legal policy), namun di sisi lain menunjukkan adanya ketegangan antara tujuan stabilitas pemerintahan dan perlindungan hak politik rakyat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan evaluasi konstitusional dan penataan ulang kebijakan hukum pemilu agar tetap sejalan dengan nilai-nilai demokrasi dan prinsip kedaulatan rakyat.
Kepastian Hukum Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence dalam Pendidikan Hukum Basuki Putra, Tegar Pratama; Hermawan, Sapto
PROSIDING SENADIKA : Seminar Nasional Akademik Vol 2 No 1 (2025): PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL AKADEMIK (SENADIKA) 2025
Publisher : PROSIDING SENADIKA : Seminar Nasional Akademik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) telah mengubah pendidikan hukum melalui pembelajaran adaptif, evaluasi otomatis, dan integrasi teknologi dalam kurikulum nasional. Namun, pemanfaatan AI di Indonesia masih menghadapi persoalan kepastian hukum karena belum adanya regulasi khusus yang mengatur tanggung jawab, keabsahan akademik, perlindungan data pribadi, serta minimisasi jejak karbon digital yang menjadi bagian dari prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual untuk menelaah pengaturan dalam Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, Undang-Undang Pelindungan Data Pribadi, Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, serta kebijakan nasional terkait lingkungan hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka hukum yang ada masih parsial sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan risiko bias algoritmik dalam pendidikan hukum. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya regulasi dan sistem sertifikasi penggunaan AI untuk menjamin akuntabilitas, validitas akademik, serta keselarasan dengan prinsip keberlanjutan.
Constitutional model for financial authority restructuring between central and regional governments in Indonesia Rizal, Muhammad; Hermawan, Sapto
Journal of Law Science Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): January: Law Science
Publisher : Institute Of computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/jls.v8i1.6777

Abstract

The imbalance of fiscal authority between Indonesia’s central and regional governments remains a fundamental issue that challenges the constitutional ideal of fiscal decentralization. Although the 1945 Constitution mandates regional autonomy, the concentration of financial control at the central level has led to inefficiencies, idle funds, and procedural disparities. This study examines the constitutional framework governing fiscal authority, identifies procedural challenges in its implementation, and proposes a constitutional model to restructure intergovernmental fiscal relations. Using a normative juridical approach combined with conceptual and statutory analysis, the research explores constitutional provisions, fiscal regulations, and Constitutional Court decisions to evaluate the alignment between law and practice. The findings reveal that the existing system remains hierarchically centralized and procedurally fragmented, limiting transparency, accountability, and regional fiscal innovation. Therefore, this article proposes a procedural constitutional model emphasizing coordination, equity, and efficiency as the foundation for a balanced fiscal relationship between the central and regional governments. This study introduces a novel constitutional procedural model to harmonize Indonesia’s central–regional fiscal governance through transparency and accountability. Such a model reinforces legal certainty while promoting an accountable and participatory fiscal governance system consistent with Indonesia’s constitutional democracy.
The Impact Of The Loss Of The Basement Seen From The Side Of The Principle Of Social Function Annastasya Saputri, Nindya; Sulistiyono, Adi; Hermawan, Sapto
International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : CV. Inara in Colaboration with www.stie-sampit.ac.id

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijersc.v4i3.569

Abstract

The basement is a building that is below ground level; currently, with the increasing need for land to be built because of the increasing population, a basement will be built to be used as an underground building. The MRT, basement parking lots, and shops are examples of buildings currently being built.  The building must follow the social function regulated in the UUPA so that it can be enjoyed and used by all parties and communities so that what is achieved for the greatest prosperity of the people has been achieved properly. However, it does not rule out the possibility of damage or loss of the underground, causing a negative social impact on the damage and loss of the basement. This research uses a type of normative research by analyzing using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The source of legal materials is the UUPA, the 1945 Constitution, and Government Regulation 18  of 2021 which regulates a few concerning using basements. The goal is to be able to answer all the problems that will be raised in the research in this article.
An Analysis Of The Juridical Implications of Decision No. 1301/Pdt.G/2023/Pa.Smn On The Principle of Justice In Post-Divorce Marital Property Distribution Irawati, Melania; Karjoko, Lego; Hermawan, Sapto
International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences Vol. 6 No. 6 (2025): December 2025 ( Indonesia - Malaysia )
Publisher : CV. Inara in Colaboration with www.stie-sampit.ac.id

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijersc.v6i6.1018

Abstract

This study aims to examine the application of the distribution of marital property after divorce through an analysis of Decision Number 1301/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Smn. The research focuses on the division of marital property and the extent to which theories of justice are applied in the adjudication process. This study is significant as the distribution of marital property constitutes a sensitive issue within society, where justice plays a crucial role in shaping judicial decisions. Accordingly, it is necessary to analyze the factors considered by the panel of judges in adjudicating disputes concerning the division of marital property. This research employs a normative legal research method by examining applicable laws and regulations, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that existing statutory provisions governing the distribution of marital property have not fully fulfilled the criteria of justice for wives who bear a double burden within marriage. In this context, judges are permitted to depart from positive law by applying the principle of contra legem in order to achieve substantive justice for all parties to the marriage.
Strategi Representasi Eksternal Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Kognitif Materi Hukum Newton Gerak Lurus Hermawan, Sapto; Parlindungan Sinaga; Hikmat
Jurnal Pendidikan Nusantara Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Pendidikan Nusantara (May-August)
Publisher : Tahta Media Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55080/jpn.v1i2.14

Abstract

External Representation is a learning strategy that is applied to convey the subject matter of teaching to students by using various modes of representation. The mode of representation consists of verbal representations, images, graphics, and mathematics. The application of the RE approach because learners experience learning obstacles to be able to understand newton's law of straight motion that is only conveyed verbally and mathematically. The purpose of this research is to train and improve students' cognitive skills in the domains of C1 (remembering), C2 (understanding), C3 (applying), and C4 (analyzing) in learning Physics. The research method used is a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group design. The subjects of this study were selected by purposive sampling. The students of class X Mathematics and Natural Sciences in a high school in West Bandung regency were 30 students in the experimental class and 30 students in the control class. Measurement of cognitive skills using multiple choice instruments on pre-test and post-test. Analysis to see the increase in students' cognitive skills using normalized gain analysis. The results obtained that the experimental class students have increased to the moderate category with a <g>= 0.41 and students in the control class have a moderate category with a value of <g>= 0.36 from each cognitive domain skill that is trained.
Kajian Teoritis Pajak Karbon dalam Upaya Dekarbonisasi untuk Kesehatan Lingkungan Putra, Tegar Pratama Basuki; Hermawan, Sapto
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v6i3.7844

Abstract

Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim meningkatkan emisi karbon dari sektor energi, industri, dan transportasi, yang berdampak pada penurunan kualitas udara dan kesehatan masyarakat. Dekarbonisasi menjadi strategi utama untuk menekan emisi melalui transisi ke energi terbarukan. Indonesia memiliki potensi besar energi surya, angin, air, dan panas bumi, termasuk untuk pengembangan hidrogen hijau, namun pemanfaatannya masih terkendala regulasi dan perencanaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual melalui analisis bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun dasar hukum dekarbonisasi telah tersedia, disharmonisasi kebijakan fiskal, lingkungan, dan energi melemahkan keterkaitan antara pengendalian emisi dan perlindungan kesehatan lingkungan, serta menyebabkan pengembangan hidrogen hijau belum terarah. Oleh karena itu, dekarbonisasi perlu diintegrasikan dengan perlindungan kesehatan lingkungan melalui pemetaan energi wilayah, kepastian regulasi, serta dukungan pendanaan dan infrastruktur agar transisi energi berjalan adil dan berkelanjutan.