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Journal : Althea Medical Journal

Profile of Apoptotic Marker Genes and Histopathology of the Placenta in Pregnancies with Pre-Eclampsia Herlambang, Herlambang; Enis, Rina Nofri; Tarawifa, Susan; Harahap, Huntari; Puspasari, Anggelia; Maharani, Citra; Kusdiyah, Erny
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n2.3088

Abstract

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy and a significant cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Failure of spiral artery remodeling due to abnormal apoptosis, triggers disturbances in the mother and the baby’s growth. This study aimed to identify the profile of apoptotic marker genes and histopathological features of the placenta in pregnancies with pre-eclampsia.Methods: This study had used case-control method. Samples were taken from normal pregnancies (n=25) and pregnant women with pre-eclampsia (n=25) using a purposive sampling method from several hospitals in Jambi. qRT-PCR was used to examine apoptotic gene expression from placental tissue and hematoxyline eosin staining to view the placenta’s microscopic appearance. The targeted genes were BCL2-associated X (BAX) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2). Histopathological changes of the placenta observed were syncytial node, cytotrophoblast, villous edema, hypervascularization, fibrosis stroma, atherosis, infarction, and thrombosis.Results: Relative BAX genes expression were increased once in placenta pre-eclampsia compared to controls, but not statistically significant (p-value>0.05). There was no difference between the decline of BCL-2 gene expression in pre-eclampsia placenta compared to the control (p-value >0.05). Histopathological changes in the placenta were syncytial node and cytotrophoblast (25 of 25), villous edema (19 of 25), hypervascularization (24 of 25), fibrosis stroma (22 of 25), atherosis (12 of 25), infarction (17 of 25), and thrombosis (24 of 25).Conclusion: The expression of BAX genes in pre-eclampsia tends to increase compared to normal pregnancy, and the expression of BCL-2 decreases.  The histopathological features of pre-eclampsia pregnancy placenta are mostly syncytial nodes, cytotrophoblasts, stromal fibrosis, and thrombosis.
Protein Insufficiency Among First-Trimester Pregnant Women in Jambi, Indonesia Herlambang, Herlambang; Puspasari, Anggelia; Maharani, Citra; Enis, Rina Nofri; Fitri, Amelia Dwi; Kusdiyah, Erny; Ibnu, Ismi Nurwaqiah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 12, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v12n2.4044

Abstract

Background: Insufficient protein intake or specific patterns of plasma amino acid levels during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Studies in non-pregnant women have reported an association between protein intake and amino acid levels, however, data in pregnant women remain limited. Jambi, a region rich in freshwater fish, has a traditional dishes based on fish, which may affect maternal protein adequacy. This study aimed to assess protein sufficiency intake, plasma essential amino acid levels, and the relationship between fish consumption and protein intake among first-trimester pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 involving pregnant women at 9-16 weeks of gestation in Jambi, Indonesia, selected through purposive sampling. Protein intake and fish consumption data were collected using Food Frequency Questionnaires. Plasma essential amino acid levels were measured using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Bivariate analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests.Results: Among 30 participants, 23.3% had insufficient protein intake and had lower plasma essential amino acid levels. Lysine levels showed a statistically significant difference between groups (p=0.010). Women with adequate protein intake reported significant higher fish consumption, particularly of freshwater fish (p=0.033).Conclusion: Adequate protein intake during early pregnancy is related to higher plasma essential amino acid levels. Consumption of local freshwater fish contributes to maintaining sufficient protein intake. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating healthy dietary patterns and locally sourced nutrient-rich foods into prenatal care to support maternal wellness and long-term health outcomes.
Co-Authors Ahmad Syauqi Ahmad Syauqy Alya Dwiva Juhari Amatullah, Afifah Ameli Dwi Fitri Amelia Dwi Fitri Amelia Dwi Fitri Amelia Dwi Fitri Amelia Dwi Fitri Amelia Dwi Fitri Amelia Dwi Fitri, Amelia Dwi Anggelia Puspasari Anggraini, Bayu Annissa Delfira Arief Romadhan Armaidi Darmawan Aryanti, Nindya Asro Hayani Harahap Asty, Zahra Frizki Attiya Istarini Bulqis, Ratu Calista, Amanda Athiyyah Chelsa Tama Azzahra Citra Maharani D Sitanggang, Hendra dewi, hasna Dhea Assyifa Ekaputri, Tia Wida Elfiani Erny Kusdiyah Esa Indah Ayu, Esa Indah Essy Octavia Evy Wisudariani Firmansyah Firmansyah Gading, Patrick William Hafizah Hana Azkia Hanina Hanina, Hanina Harahap, Asro Hayani Hasmita, Debby Hasna Dewi Hendra Dhermawan Sitanggang Herlambang Herlambang Herlambang Herlambang HERLAMBANG HERLAMBANG Howir Riyelma, Gina Hulwa Atika Adilita Huntari Harahap Indri Okta Sapitri Intan Karnina Putri Irlianissa, Mutiara Iskandar, Mirna Marhami Ismi Nurwaqiah Ibnu Jeane, Jessica Karina Nabila Yasmin Khallilah, Naurah Lailan Maharani, Amrina Mahendra, Mhd Habib Dwi Miftahurrahmah Miftahurrahmah, Miftahurrahmah Mutiara Ar'syi Naufal Adli Marvi NURIYAH Nuriyah, Nuriyah Nyimas Natasha Ayu Shafira Oktari, Intan Patrick William Gading Puspita Sari Putri Sari Wulandari Putri, Nadhilah Aulia Putriyudi, Mandy Rayandra Asyhar Rita Halim Rita Halim rizkiyani noor, amadea Sholahuddin Tumanggor Suzan, Raihanah Syatria Esa Putra Syukur, Astian Nathaniel Tarawifa, Susan Tengku Arief Buana Perkasa Tia Wida Ekaputri Virginsia, Sonya Vivekanantharasa, Raveenthiran Wahyu Indah Dewi Aurora Zul Andriahta