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Journal : Indonesian Journal of Cancer

Stimulation Effect of Exosome From Healthy Sera to Natural Killer (NK) Cells of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Subject In Vitro Deby, Deby; Antarianto, Radiana Dhewayani; Barasila, Atikah Chalida; Irawan, Cosphiadi; Ahani, Ardhi Rahman; Jasirwan, Chyntia Olivia Maurine; Damayanti, Lia; Ritchie, Ni Ken; Aditya, Robby Nur
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 18, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v18i4.1122

Abstract

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma has a poor prognosis due to limitations of therapy such as late diagnosis, lack of specific biomarkers, and insensitivity to this tumor agent. This study aims to develop immunotherapy using autologous natural killer cells (NK cells) with exosome stimulation for hepatocellular carcinoma patients, addressing treatment limitations.Methods: Experimental research conducted from October 2022 to June 2023 at Universitas Indonesia’s Faculty of Medicine involved three hepatocellular carcinoma patients at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. NK cells from hepatocellular carcinoma patients were isolated from peripheral venous blood, and exosomes were isolated from the blood serum of healthy donors. Exosome characterization with a particle size analyzer and flow cytometry. Stimulation of exosomes on NK cells for 24 hours, then evaluation of expression of NKp44, NKp46, NKp30, NKG2D, KIR2D, and NKG2A receptors, as well as perforin and granzyme B expression. Visualization of interactions of NK cells with other mononuclear cell fractions (CD4, CD8, CD11c, and CD19) by immunofluorescence. The study compares stimulated and unstimulated NK cells, analyzing their expression of activated and inhibitory receptors, using either the One-Way Anova parametric test or the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test for non-normally distributed data.Results: Particle size 100 nm, negative electric charge, and CD63+CD81+ (double positive) exosome isolated results. There was increased expression of receptors NKp44, NKp46, NKp30, NKG2D, decreased expression of NKG2A, and increased expression of perforin and granzyme B in exosome-induced NK cells. There was no cell interaction in the form of immune synapses between exosome-induced NK cells and other mononuclear cell fractions in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Conclusions: Induction of exosomes into NK cells of hepatocellular carcinoma patients restores the cytotoxic ability of NK cells
Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer Development: A Review of 3D Study Analysis Angka, Rebecca Noerjani; Sudoyo, Aru Wisaksono; Siregar, Nurjati Chairani; Jeo, Wifanto Saditya; Antarianto, Radiana Dhewayani
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol 18, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v18i1.1089

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in 2020, with a high mortality rate. Colorectal cancer treatment has made many advances. However, many factors in the tumor microenvironment still have not been reached but significantly affect the success of treatment. This literature review was conducted to search for research articles that analyze factors in the tumor microenvironment, how they interact through studies primarily conducted in 3D, and how to prepare for 3D research on colorectal cancer will be briefly discussed. The aim of this systematic review is to study the components of the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer development as assessed by 3D studies. Methods: Article searches were conducted through Embase, Scopus and PubMed. From the 110 articles found at the beginning of the search, after going through several screening stages, 27 articles were determined that met the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria used were journals containing research articles on colorectal cancer in the last five years with topics regarding the tumor microenvironment and according to keywords. Results: Microenvironment components in colorectal cancer, consisting of cellular and noncellular components, have the most significant effect on cancer development and ultimately affect metastasis, response to treatment, and prognosis.  Conclusions: This literature review proves that the components of the tumor microenvironment are very diverse, making colorectal cancer heterogeneous. It still requires a lot of research to prove the existence of other components that affect the effectiveness of the treatment.