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All Journal Pharmasipha Pharmed: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Medical Research SCIENTIA JOURNAL Jambura Journal of Health Sciences and Research Jurnal Kesmas dan Gizi (JKG) JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) Jurnal Dunia Farmasi Jurnal Prima Medika Sains Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai PRIMER (Prima Medical Journal) Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima Jurnal Pengmas Kestra (JPK)
Reh Malem br Karo
Program Studi Farmasi Klinis, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi Dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Prima Indonesia Medan, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Journal : JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)

 1 
Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Flavonoid Compounds from Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Leaf Extract Cahya, Cucu Arum Dwi; Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Br Turnip, Nur Ulina M.; Br Karo, Reh Malem
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/jfm.v7i2.2667

Abstract

The exploration and utilization of herbal medicines continue to expand due to the presence of plant-derived secondary metabolites, which have been proven to prevent and treat various diseases with minimal side effects. One plant widely recognized for its medicinal properties is Physalis angulata L. (commonly known as ciplukan). Despite its frequent use in traditional medicine, particularly its leaves, limited studies have focused on the isolation of flavonoid compounds from this part of the plant. The isolation and structural elucidation of these flavonoids are essential to identify the bioactive compounds responsible for the plant's pharmacological effects. This study aimed to isolate and elucidate the chemical structure of flavonoid compounds from P. angulata leaf extract. The powdered leaves were subjected to maceration, solvent partitioning, phytochemical screening, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and compound isolation using column chromatography. The isolated compounds were then characterized using UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS). The flavonoid compound isolated in this study was identified as quercetin (C??H??O?), a member of the flavonol subclass. It exhibited a molecular mass of 302 g/mol and showed maximum absorbance at wavelengths of 372.5 nm and 305.5 nm. Spectroscopic analyses revealed the presence of functional groups including C–O, C=C, C=O, CH, and OH, as well as 10 hydrogen and 15 carbon atoms in the NMR spectra. Based on these data, the isolated compound was confirmed to be 3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone, commonly known as quercetin, with the molecular formula C??H??O?.
Processing of Rice Straw (Oryza sativa) into Activated Carbon and Its Formulation in Facial Cleansing Soap Products Tampubolon, Regina Elianda; Wulandari, Suci; Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Br Karo, Reh Malem
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/cpmerg17

Abstract

Rice straw is an abundant agricultural by-product commonly used as livestock feed or burned as waste. It contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and silica, which can be processed into activated carbon capable of adsorbing impurities and excess oil from the skin. To date, the utilization of rice straw has been limited mainly to compost fertilizer and planting media. Meanwhile, facial cleansing soaps made from natural extracts, eco-friendly ingredients, and affordable materials are increasingly popular. The objective of this study was to produce activated carbon from rice straw and apply it in the formulation of a facial cleansing soap product.This research employed an experimental laboratory approach with a quantitative descriptive method to determine the effectiveness of rice straw–based activated carbon in facial soap formulations. The procedure began with the carbonization of rice straw powder, followed by characterization of the activated carbon through moisture content analysis, ash content test, and FT-IR functional group analysis. The liquid soap was formulated into three variations and evaluated for its quality through organoleptic observation, pH measurement, cleansing ability test, and oil adsorption test.The results showed that activated carbon derived from rice straw had a moisture content of 8.92%, ash content of 7.68%, and exhibited functional groups such as –OH, aliphatic C–H, aromatic C=C, aldehyde C=O, and alcohol C–O based on FT-IR analysis. The facial soap formulations containing rice straw–based activated carbon demonstrated safe pH values—F1 = 5.46, F2 = 6.04, and F3 = 6.8—and exhibited enhanced cleansing and oil-adsorbing properties, with the highest oil adsorption value reaching 86%. These findings indicate that activated carbon from rice straw can be effectively applied in the formulation of facial cleansing soap that is safe and beneficial for skin health.
Formulation and Stability Evaluation of Antioxidant Sunscreen Gel Containing Green Tea Leaf (Camellia sinensis) Extract Using the DPPH Method Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Fitria, Zahara; Br Karo, Reh Malem; Syarifuddin, Shofian
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/f66vym74

Abstract

Sunscreen formulations are designed to protect the skin from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation; however, excessive use of synthetic ingredients may lead to adverse effects on the skin. The utilization of natural ingredients as alternatives has gained increasing attention, one of which is green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis), known for their rich antioxidant content. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the stability and antioxidant activity of a sunscreen gel based on green tea leaf extract. This research was a laboratory-based experimental study employing a quantitative approach with a post-test only control group design. The gel formulations were prepared in four variations of extract concentration, namely 0% (F0), 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 15% (F3). The preparations were then evaluated for physical characteristics, irritation potential, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The results showed that 392 g of extract was obtained from 3.8 kg of dried simplicia, yielding a 10.32% extraction yield. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. All formulations exhibited a semi-solid form, good homogeneity, and stable pH values ranging from 6.0 to 6.3, which are compatible with skin pH. Furthermore, no irritation reactions were observed among the 12 volunteers. Antioxidant activity increased with higher extract concentrations, with IC₅₀ values of 28.86 ppm (F0), 22.11 ppm (F1), 21.25 ppm (F2), and 20.72 ppm (F3). In addition, the percentage of inhibition for F0–F3 also showed an increasing trend, namely 8.24–17.50%, 15.79–26.28%, 13.30–24.89%, and 14.82–26.25%, respectively. In conclusion, green tea leaf extract demonstrates strong potential as an active ingredient in sunscreen gel formulations that are safe, stable, and possess significant antioxidant activity.
Co-Authors Afri Abdiansyah Afri Abdiansyah Andri Hidayat, Andri Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis Ayuningsari, Laras Br Sihite, Rani Marselina Br Turnip, Nur Ulina M. Cahya, Cucu Arum Dwi Christine, Yesina Duha, Kristin Berlianta Elfia Neswita Erida Novriani etha tesalonika tamba Fadillah, Qori Fibrini, Dewi Fioni, Fioni Fitria, Zahara Ginting, Wira Maria Harahap, Rahmat Ali Putra Hoswari, Cindy Natasya Husna, Miftahul Khairunnisa Batubara Lina, Juliana Manao, Merlianasari Meutia, Rena Nasution, Ali Napiah Natali, Oliviti Neswita, Elfia purba, marina novelly br Razoki Razoki Razoki, Razoki Rizki, Nadya Sembiring, Novitaria Br. Simanjuntak, Nerly Juli Pranita Sinurat, Jhon Patar Sirait, Reni Aprinawaty Sri Lestari Ramadhani Nasution Suci Wulandari Syarifuddin, Aminah Syarifuddin, Shofian Tampubolon, Regina Elianda Tanamal, Claudia Telova, Yurizki Theresia, Yohani Wardah Fitria Tanjung Wardah Fitria Tanjung Windi Wildani Windi Wildani Yanti, Dian Anggri Yudha, M