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All Journal Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art International Journal of Education, Culture, and Society International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Open Access DRIVERset African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Open Access DRIVERset African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Open Access DRIVERset Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Open Access DRIVERset Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies African Journal of Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy Research African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Umaru, Isaac John
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Hypoglycaemic Potential of Methanol Stem-Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats and Its Toxicity Effect to Liver and Kidney Umaru, Isaac John; Ekubnse, Nkiri Annasthesia; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Nanmar, Chakfa
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3358

Abstract

Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. Mango possesses anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti- oxidant, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties. This research focuses on the hyperglycemic and antibacterial capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mango tree in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats to combat its fatal consequences in humans. This work is carried out to determine the hypoglycemic capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats at different volumes (ml) of administration, to also determine the antibacterial capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats at different volumes (ml) of administration and to test the efficacy of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. Fresh stem bark (trunk) of Mangifera indica were collected in the Federal University Wukari school premises, were air dried for 21 days, pounded into powder, cold macerated in methanol, filtered and extract was gotten. 27 diseased-free (healthy) albino rats which were purchased at Yola, Adamawa State, were kept in different cages to enable proper analysis at the cause of the work. Results of liver function indices showed that treatments with 100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract were able to restore liver function parameters at different levels of concentrations. Treatments with standard drug and all the doses of the extract were able to counteract the elevated effect of alloxan in some kidney parameters such as serum urea level at 200mg/kg with (25.23±1.98a) and (1.05 ±0.14a) for creatinine at 200mg/kg respectively. The result of this study shows that the stem back extract possessed as an agent for hypoglycaemic. These can serve as possible source of raw material for pharmaceutical products. However, the extract is found not to be harmful to the liver and kidney and should be used as health remedy for certain diseases such as hyperglycaemic and bacterial effects.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Methanol Stem–Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Isaac John
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3360

Abstract

Medicinal plants have served through the ages, as a constant source of medicaments for the exposure of variety of diseases. The history of herbal medicine is as old as human civilization. The plants are known to provide a rich source of botanical anthelmintic, antibacterial and insecticides. Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. In antibacterial analysis, higher growth inhibition rate was observed at 400 ug/ml for Klebsiella pneumonia with 20.55 + 1.26μg/mL indicating that the extract has effect at a higher concentration than when treated at a lower concentration. In blood glucose level analysis, administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract showed reduced blood glucose level in day 14 with 5.11 ± 0.14a of treatment when compared to normal control.
Analysis of Bioactive Constituents (HPLC) of Chloroform Leaf Extract from Kalanchoe pinnata in Takum, Taraba State Nigeria Joel, Emmanuel Askebnde; Wilson, Ubur Terzulum; Umaru, Isaac John; Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko; Istifanus, Dafup Katdel; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3676

Abstract

HPLC techniques were employed to analyze the bioactive components of the chloroform leaf extract of Kalanchoe pinnata leaf from Takum in Taraba State. A botanist from Taraba State University's Department of Biological Sciences in Jalingo identified the plant leaves, which were then gathered, cleaned, and processed. Using cold maceration, extraction was done by weighing 1500g of the powdered leaf into 1 liter of ethanol and distill water, respectively. Until further investigation, the extracts were stored in a refrigerator in a firmly closed container. The injection valve was used for the HPLC analysis, and the conditions were 20 μl, a UV variable wavelength detector (set at 300 nm), reprosol 100 C8mn, 5 μm 4.6 x 150mm column (30°C), and sensitivity of 0.001. Phosphate buffer (v/v) was used as an aqueous solvent (A) and CH3CN as an organic solvent (B) in HPLC. Gradient elution of the analytes occurred at a flow rate of 1 milliliter per minute. Software generated chromatograms. Operating temperature of the HPLC instrument was room temperature (23 ± 2°C). After injecting 20 μl of each diluted extract into the HPLC three times, the average peak areas were produced and utilized for quantification. Based on the HPLC analysis, the chloroform leaf extract of Kalanchoe pinnata contained the following bioactive constituents: quercetin, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid. Additionally, the presence of vitamins B1 and B3 was also noted. The different bioactive constituents eluted at different retention times, and their respective amounts were also detected.
Stembark Methanol Extract of P. americana: Total Antioxidant Capacity, Total Flavonoids Content, Total Phenolics Content and Its Flavonoids, Vitamins and Amino Acids Profile Yakubu, Ojochenemi E.; Abu, Michael S.; Danjuma, Janya; Umaru, Isaac John; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3677

Abstract

This research investigated the total antioxidant capacity, total flavonoids content, total phenolics content as well the flavonoids, vitamins and amino acids profile of stembark methanol extract of P. americana. Plant materials have been known be rich source of various medicinal active ingredients. These may include alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins as well as nutritional components including sugars, amino acids as well as proteins in addition to other vital components. The stembark of P. americana was harvested in its plant in Baissa, Taraba State, Nigeria. The plant material was air dried and pulverized and soaked in methanol for 72 hours before filtration. The filtrate was further concentrated using rotary evaporator and water bath. The concentrate was analyzed for total antioxidant capacity using DPPH, flavonoids content using aluminium chloride and phenolics content using folin ciocaltue. Flavonoids, vitamins and amin acids profile was determined using HPLC. The result total antioxidant capacity shows that inhibition increased with concentration with the 100µL/100mL had inhibition percentage of 87.88% whereas the lowest concentration of 31.25µL/100mLhad the inhibition percentage of 40.14%. The results for total flavonoid content and total phenolics content show significant levels with 42.21±0.23mg QE/100g and 33.65±3.02mg GAE/100g respectively. The result for flavonoid and phenolics profile reveals that quercetin and caffeic acid phenyl ester were identified with 0.50% and 99.50% respectively. For vitamins, vitamin K was detected with 0.40%, vitamin B1 with 80.20% and vitamin B2 with 19.50% abundance. There seven different amino acids identified, these include asparagine, threonine, phenylalanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and arginine. The outcomes reveal that the plant material could possess important phytochemicals which could be used in disease treatment as well as vital macromolecules that can be used as supplements.
Determination of Aflatoxin Levels in Cereals and Leguminous Grains Selected Cereals and Leguminous Grains Retailed in Wukari, Taraba State Chinonso, Anih David; Kayode, Arowora; Umaru, Isaac John; Chinedu, Imo; Ale, Ebenezer Morayo; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3689

Abstract

Aflatoxins are group of secondary fungal metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The aflatoxin producing moulds can grow on cereals and legumes in the field, poorly dried harvested crops in storage, processed food, and feed products. The study was carried out with the aim to determine the level of aflatoxin contamination of cereals grain and legumes retailed in Wukari, Taraba State Nigeria. A total Sixty-three (63) samples were procured from different vendors from the markets namely, new and old markets in Wukari and Dorowa Market, which comprises of 3 samples each of millet, maize, rice, groundnut, sesame seeds and soy beans. The samples were grounded and extracted with 80% (v/v) methanol. The enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique was used in quantifying the total aflatoxin content of the samples. The results revealed that there were no significant differences in the aflatoxin levels of shelled melon seeds while there was a significant difference in shelled groundnut, soybeans and millet samples purchased from all the markets. Aflatoxin levels in cereals and legumes retailed in Wukari, Taraba State ranged from 0.57-1.17µg/kg in shelled groundnut samples, 0.47-2.27µg/kg in shelled melon samples, 1.53-3.17µg/kg in sesame seed samples, 0.10-0.20µg/kg in soybean samples, 3.11-13.10µg/kg in maize samples, 6.13-15.4µg/kg in millet samples, and 0.471.0µg/kg in parboiled rice samples. the levels of aflatoxin in the samples which was observed to be highest in millet sample procured from Dorowa market with a value of 15.43±0.15% and lowest in soy bean bean sample procured from Dorowa and New market Wukari with a value of 0.10±0.00%. These aflatoxin levels were within the permissible limits for total aflatoxins recommended by FDA and NAFDAC for all products intended for food, hence these cereals and legumes analysed in this study are safe for human consumption.
Effects of AlCl3 on the Liver Function of Wistar Rats Treated with Moringa oleifera Seed Extracts Yusufu, Dawoye; Zinas, Simon Teza; Shenia, Zephaniah Hananiah; C, Ugwuoke Kenneth; Umaru, Isaac John; Ejeh, Yakubu Ojochenemi; Grace, Onwubiko N.; Henry, Onwubiko A.; Audu, Anthony Mishara; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3691

Abstract

In this study ALT and AST levels of experimental rats were significantly (p<0.05) increased from 11.91 ± 0.20 and 11.83 ± 0.40 to 57.23 ± 0.24 and 59.29 ± 0.50 respectively due to intoxication with aluminum chloride. When rats were treated with ethanol and aqueous extracts of Moringa oleifera at 100 mg/kg the levels of ALT dropped down to 11.62 ± 0.40 and 11.61 ± 0.17 respectively and the AST levels dropped to 11.39 ± 0.25 and 11.42 ± 0.15 respectively. A further increase in the concentrations of both extracts to 400 mg/kg resulted to a significant elevation of ALT 11.93 ± 0.17 (ethanol) and 11.94 ± 0.07 (aqueous) and AST 11.77 ± 0.25 (ethanol) and 11.78 ± 0.15 (aqueous). AST and ALT are common liver enzymes because of their higher concentrations in hepatocytes, but only ALT is remarkably specific for liver function. Therefore, an elevation in serum concentration of ALT is an indication of liver damage. The preliminary phytochemical screening for seed extracts of Moringa oleifera revealed that flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids, steroids and reducing sugars tannins were present in both the ethanol and aqueous extracts. Saponins and tannins were only found in the aqueous and ethanol extracts respectively. Experiments to observe for lethal conditions or changes in behavior showed no lethality or behavioral change at doses of 10, 100, 1000, 1600 and 2900 mg/kg bw. Weakness and drowsiness was exhibited at a dosage of 5000 mg/kg bw but no death occurred within 24 hrs. of administration.
Effects of AlCl3 on the Enzymatic Antioxidants of Wister Rats Treated with Moringa oleifera Seed Extracts Yusufu, Dawoye; Zinas, Simon Teza; Habibu, Bilyaminu; Amen, Ananias; Umaru, Isaac John; Ejeh, Yakubu Ojochenemi; Grace, Onwubiko N.; Henry, Onwubiko A.; Audu, Anthony Mishara; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3693

Abstract

Determination of Malondialdehyde, MDA in blood plasma or tissue homogenates is one of the useful methods to predict the oxidative stress levels. The current study investigates the ameliorative effects of the seed extracts of Moringa oleifera on 35 albino rats induced with AlCl3 toxicity. Biomarkers of oxidative stress (Superoxide Dismutase, SOD; Catalase, CAT; Glutathione Peroxidase, GPx and Malondialdehyde, MDA were assayed. The plant seed extracts were shown to reduce the levels of MDA increased by AlCl3. AlCl3 caused decrease in (glutathione peroxidase) GPx levels as it causes MDA to significantly get elevated. The results showed that GPx decreased from 9.48 ± 0.86 to 6.68 ± 1.73 but upon treatments with 100 mg/kg bw of M. oleifera, GPx levels increased to 8.84 ± 0.86 (ethanol) and 8.96 ± 0.86 (aqueous). Increasing the concentrations of the extracts further increased the GPx levels while MDA were reduced.
Potential of Aqueous Leaves Extract of Jatropha Gossypiifolia Seed Against Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats Umaru, Isaac John; Akafa, Tensaba Andes; Akem3, Ingwu Joseph; Oteng, Joseph; Ngbede, Ocheifa Mathew; Utioukpan, Ashaka Fidelis; Mijinyawa, Aboki Nwunuji; Akam, Odok Endurance; Ekup, Ogholo Ogholo
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v2i2.5182

Abstract

While many methods exist for measuring the impact of AIDS, treatment remedy the human development approach focuses on people rather than medical or economic indicators. Human Development Index captures three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life—measured by life expectancy at birth; knowledge—measured by adult literacy and school enrolment; and standard of living—measured by per capita gross domestic product. Thus, investigate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia seed in highly active antiretroviral therapy administered rats. Liver is a metabolically active organ responsible for many vital life functions. It performs many activities that are critical for survival. Due to its important activities, the liver is exposed to a number of insults and is one of the body's organs most subject to injury. In spite of tremendous advances in modern medicine, there are hardly any reliable drugs that protect the liver from damage and/or help in regeneration of hepatic cell. It is, therefore, necessary to search for effective and safe herbal drugs for the treatment of liver disease to replace currently used drugs of doubtful efficacy and safety. Hence, the need to evaluate the aqueous extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia seed in highly active antiretroviral therapy (Lamivudine, Zidovudine and Efavirenz) administered rats. Sixty rats weighed between 150-200g were randomly divided into six groups and each group comprised of ten rats. Rats in group I were administered with distilled water. Rats in group II were administered with highly active antiretroviral therapy only. Rats in groups III - VI were administered 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg Jatropha gossypiifolia seed plus highly active antiretroviral therapy respectively. The treatments were given orally for 28 consecutive days. On the 29th day, all rats were sacrificed under light diethyl ether anaesthesia; blood samples were collected for the assessment of biochemical parameters, while Serum levels of liver enzymes ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT were significantly (p<0.05) increased and albumin concentration was significantly decreased in animals treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy as compared to the normal control. Treatment of highly active antiretroviral therapy exposed animals with Jatropha gossypiifolia seed showed marked improvement in biochemical findings. Rise in liver enzymes was almost restored to normal in animals treated with Jatropha gossypiifolia seed. Jatropha gossypiifolia seed through its antioxidant activity effectively protects highly active antiretroviral therapy induced liver toxicity.
The Violent Surge: A Manifestation of Aggression Akram, Muhammad; Javed, Amna; Umaru, Isaac John
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v2i2.5324

Abstract

In theory, aggression is an unbridled and barbaric force—a violent manifestation of unbridled emotion. Think of it as an internal hurricane that is threatening to devour everything in its path due to its overwhelming force. It starts with a rising sensation of tension, an undercurrent that starts as a faint vibration under the surface, rather than a straightforward outburst of rage. Like the quiet before a storm, when the air crackles with possible peril, the energy is dark, deep, and menacing. Any sense of order is broken by the forms, which are twisted and jagged, with sharp and angular lines slicing through the room. These lines are unpredictable, scurrying in all directions, and some of them curve into tight spirals that symbolize the cyclical nature of violence, in which hostility feeds on itself, strengthening and developing until it becomes a force that sustains itself. They rip and tear at the surface, leaving the abstract terrain with deep, bleeding scars that stand in for both received and inflicted emotional traumas. The lines get sharper and more pointed, like daggers aiming to the soul's center, the more fierce the violence. Flashes of white-hot light, rays of vivid orange and bright yellow, pierce the darkness like abrupt explosions, contrasting with the starkness of the dark, aggressive tones. These flashes, which are short but incredibly bright, symbolize times of heightened anger when energy surges wildly, unleashing all that has built up in a violent outburst. They are a dazzling light of sheer intensity, full of unadulterated passion, rage, and strength, like flashes of heat in a frigid expanse. These brief but impactful moments, which are like explosions amid a sea of turmoil, leave their mark on the composition. This aggressiveness has a tangible texture that is rough and ripped apart by violent forces rather than smooth or clean. The heavy, rough brushstrokes give the impression that someone was painting frantically, disregarding accuracy in favor of impact. There isn't a smooth transition between colors and forms; instead, it seems like each component is vying for control of the image and never quite succeeding. Rather, they collide, overlap, and clash, which gives the piece a persistent sense of tension. The hostility itself seems uncontrollable, like a fire that burns in all directions at once, devouring everything in its path but never completely extinguishing.
Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Etiology, Diagnosis, and Modern Therapeutic Approaches Akram, Muhammad; Umaru, Isaac John; Mahmood, Abid; Hasan, Mohammed Khudhair; Abdulghafoor, Hind A.; Khan, Fahad Said; Ozdemir, Fethi Ahmet; Sołowski, Gaweł; Ali, Jaouher Ben; Al-Musawi, Jehan Mohammed
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v2i2.5640

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is an ailment of the gastrointestinal tract that is quite common and is marked by the development of open lesions known as ulcers in the stomach as well as in the proximal duodenum. It arises as a consequence of the imbalance between the protective enzymatic mechanisms of the mucosa, and the injurious agents like gastric acid, pepsin, Helicobacter pylori, and even non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). While many ulcers heal spontaneously, complications such as bleeding, perforation, and gastric outlet obstruction can lead to serious morbidity or mortality. With PUD, they can be treated and/or prevented if basic instruction is provided alongside a proper overview of the condition's etiological basis. In this case, pharmacological therapy and endoscopic procedures are heavily applicable.
Co-Authors A, Ajala-Lawal R. A, Arowora K. A., Arowora K. Abah, Moses Adondua Abbas, Khalid Yahuza Abbas, Sabahat Abdulghafoor, Hind A. Abdulkadir, Nurudeen Umar Abdulrasheed, Lubabatu Abershi, Ajiduku Leyoa Absalom, Augustine Abu, Michael S. Abu, Michael Sunday Acha, Ozzioma Praise Adam, Habiba Idris Adam, Idris Habiba Adams, Idris Habiba Adamu, Usman Lukman Adebisi, Arowora Kayode Adeseye, Abdullahi Sa’adu Adi, Godwin Baaku Agaba, Eric Agim Agwu, James Eneji Ahmed, Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmed, Maayam Usman Ahmed, Maryam Usman Ahmed, Misbah Aisami, Abubakar Akafa, Andes Tensaba Akafa, Tensaba Andes Akafa, Vika Tensaba Akam, Odok Endurance Akem, Ingwu Joseph Akem3, Ingwu Joseph Akpan, Usenobong Morgan Akumia, Prince Osei Al-Musawi, Jehan Mohammad Al-Musawi, Jehan Mohammed Ale, Ebenezer Morayo Ali, , Jaouher Ben Ali, Jaouher Ben Aliyu, Sulaiman Abubakar Alooma, Emmanuel Amen, Ananias Ametefe, Mathias Mawuli Amoah, Kwabena Owusu Amofa, Gift Amuda, A. J. Andeuka, Useni Ajiya Asare, Solomon O. Asare, Solomon Ossom Aslam, Muhammad Tayyab Aslam, Nosheen Asuelimen, Steve Osagie Audu, Anthony Mishara Audu, Jankada Patience Ayara, Charles Ayi, Atsu Ayo, Victoria Ifeoluwa Bafai, Favour Joel Baig, Muhammad Haris Bando, David Christopher Bappa, Lipana Dorcas Benjamin, Wisdom L. Bobie, Shelter Agbeko Brown, Samuel Tamunoiyowuna Cockeye C, Ugwuoke Kenneth Chikata, Ezugwu Hilary Chinedu, Imo Chinonso, Anih David Chishti, Abdul Wadood Chisom, Gabriel Favour Chuanu, Solomon Chukwudi, Eluu Emmanuel Chukwudi, Emmanuel Eluu Dambazau, Zainab Bello Daniel, Benjamin Nanisi Danjuma, Janya Danjuma, Tyem Lawal Dauda, Mai-anguwa Abdulrashid Dauda, Maianguwa Abdulrashid Dauda, Maianguwa Abdulrsashid David, Bando Christopher David, Izam Emmanuel Dooshima, Arowora Mercy Efongwa, Emmanuel Efoseh, Danlami Ejeh, Yakubu Ojochenemi Ekpo, Fidelis Okii Ekubnse, Nkiri Annasthesia Ekunyi, Agbo Chibuike Ekup, Ogholo Ogholo Emmanuel, Okoli Emochone, Roy Yohanna Enang, Kingsley Bassey Eno, Gomba Victoria Enyojo, Lawal Favour Esseyi, Chabunda Endashi Essien, Inemesit Samuel Ezeonu, Chukuma Stephen Frank, Otashu Kenneth Galam, Nanyak Zingfa Gbadebo, Adetoyi Moses Ghazwani, Eisa Yazeed Goje, Lazaru Joseph Grace, Onwubiko N. Gyasi, Prince Kwadwo Habibu, Bilyaminu Hasan, Mohammed Khudhair Hassan, George Okra Hassan, Okrah George Henry, Onwubiko A. Iba, Bemhemba Iftikhar, Momina Iheanacho, Chinedu Christian Ijeomah, Nkechi Gift Ikira, Usman Innocent, Nwofor Ipav, Selumun Solomon Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko Ismail, Muhammad Zuhairah Istifanus, Dafup Kadel Istifanus, Dafup Katdel Jabir, Abdulmumin Jack, Precious Chioma Jacob, Mathew Janya, Danjuma Javed, Amna Jehan Mohammed Al-Musawi, Jehan Mohammed Joel, Emmanuel Askeb-nde Joel, Emmanuel Askebnde John, Artu Ishishen John, Omachi Blessing John, Tongle Nanle Johnson, Joanna Afariba Joseph, Ikwebe Joseph, Iornenge Terungwa Kayode, Arowora Khan, Alam Afroz Urooj Khan, Fahad Said Kingsly, Iseko Iyoko Konka, Daniel Laila, Umme Madaki, Kanati Mafe, Alice Njolke Mahmood, Abid Maianguwa, dulrashid Dauda Makanjuola, Victor Malantso, Jackson Soyinka Manu, Sukyakma Maqbool, Tahmina Marvelous, Solomon Godiya Matilda, Manasseh Ilumunter Mchibuma, Jibaniya Grace Melvin, Ugwuala Chimaobi Mijinyawa, Aboki Nwunuji Mijinyawa, Ibrahim Jamilat Mohammed, Ikrimah Usman Mohammed, Rashida Ismail Mona, Etah Hope Morayo, Ale Ebenezer Morgan, Akpan Usenobong Morolake, Olabanji Martina Moses, Iyekekpolor Osamudiame Muhammad Abdullah Muhammad Akram Muhammad, Muhammad Bashir Mustapha, Musa Azegya Najeeb, Aliyu Olamilekan Namuma, Shitta Nasisi Nanmar, Chakfa Ngabea, Nasiru Audu Ngbede, Ocheifa Mathew Ngbede, Ocheifa Matthew O, Mosugu O. Odufa, Egbeadumah Maryanne Ogochukwu, Edom Favour Okang, Ogar Fonne Oko, John Odiba Okoli, Emmanuel Chikodiri Okwori, Ameh Godwin Oladele, Gloria Omonefe Oladimeji, Oluwasegun M. Olawale, Otitoju Olawale, Otitujo Olayemi, Abimbola Gbenga Olayeni, Abimbola Gbenga Oluwabunmi, Adeseye Helen Oluwabunmi, Helen Oluwale, Otitoju Omanchi, Emmanuel Omanchi, Emmanuel Olofu Omolara, Mosugu Ovayoza Onyindia, Agbo Christiana Onyinyechi, Nwachukwu Favour Oteng, Joseph Otitoju, Olawale Oyibo, Okpanachi Nuhu Ozdemi, Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir, Fethi Ahmet Peter, Danladi Mbosire Peter, Prosper Uneju Philemon, Panah Philip, Shadrach Rashid, Abid Rebecca, Tsokwa Punarimam Rehman, Urooj S, Ezeonu C. Sadia, Haleema Salman, Julius Ishaya Shadrach, Katchim Evelyn Shadrach, Katchin Evelyn Shadrach, Philip Shahid, Isbah Shaibu, Isaac Eleojo Sheneni, Victor Duniya Shenia, Zephaniah Hananiah Siddan, Ahmad Alhassan Sirina, Bakari Genevieve Sołowski, Gaweł Sule, Josephine Maina Sunday, Abu Michael Sunday, James Agbu Talent, Akoh Miracle Tansaba, Akafa Andes Tensaba, Akafa Andes Tersur, Kyugah Jacob Tiimob, Gideon Likida Timothy, Mgbede Tony-Enwin, Evelyn Ovenomo Tyem, Lawal Danjuma Uchechukwu, Ukoh Daniel Udoh, Mary Athanasius Uduak, Peter Ise Ugbedeojo, Sule John Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen Ujah, Oche Williams Ujah, Williams Oche Umahi, David Umar, Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru, Hauwa A. Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru, Kerenhapucch Isaac Umogbai, Debora Akinola Utioukpan, Ashaka Fidelis Williams, Queen Uyo Wilson, Ubur Terzulum Yahaya, Musbau Adekunle Yakubu, Kaka Garpiya Yakubu, Ojochenemi E. Yakubu, Ojochenemi Ejeh Yeboah, Genevieve A. Yeboah, Genevieve Akpah Yemisi, Adeyanju Kate Yuguda, Ismail Yunusa Yusuf, Obadiah Saveni Yusufu, Dawoye Zinas, Simon Teza