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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences VALENSI Reaktor International Journal of Renewable Energy Development JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis R.E.M (Rekyasa Energi Manufaktur) Jurnal Food Science and Technology Journal (Foodscitech) Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (JPKM) Tabikpun Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Journal Of World Science Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Bookchapter Alam Universitas Negeri Semarang Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Asian Journal of Social and Humanities JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN

Marcelinus Christwardana

Department Of Chemistry, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH., Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java

Author-ID : 247645

Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Neuroscience Social Sciences

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Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Surfactant from Palm Oil Methyl Ester and Vinyl Acetate for Chemical Flooding Agam Duma Kalista Wibowo; Pina Tiani; Lisa Aditya; Aniek Sri Handayani; Marcelinus Christwardana
Reaktor Volume 21 No. 2 June 2021
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Surfactants for enhanced oil recovery are generally made from non-renewable petroleum sulfonates and their prices are relatively expensive, so it is necessary to synthesis the bio-based surfactants that are renewable and ecofriendly. The surfactant solution can reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and water while vinyl acetate monomer has an ability to increase the viscosity as a mobility control. Therefore, polymeric surfactant has both combination properties in reducing the oil/water IFT and increasing the viscosity of the aqueous solution simultaneously. Based on the study, the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) of Polymeric Surfactant was at 0.5% concentration with an IFT of 7.72x10-2 mN/m. The best mole ratio of methyl ester sulfonate to vinyl acetate for polymeric surfactant synthesis was 1:0.5 with an IFT of 6.7x10-3 mN/m. Characterization of the product using FTIR and HNMR has proven the creation of polymeric surfactant. Based on the wettability alteration study, it confirmed that the product has an ability to alter from the initial oil-wet to water-wet quartz surface. In conclusion, the polymeric surfactant has ultralow IFT and could be an alternative surfactant for chemical flooding because the IFT value met with the required standard for chemical flooding ranges from 10-2 to 10-3 mN/m.Keywords: Enhanced Oil recovery, Interfacial Tension, Methyl Ester Sulfonate, Polymeric surfactant, vinyl acetate

APPLICATION OF PHYTOREMEDIATION FOR HERBAL MEDICINE WASTE AND ITS UTILIZATION FOR PROTEIN PRODUCTION Danny Soetrisnanto; Marcelinus Christwardana; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Reaktor Volume 14, Nomor 2, Oktober 2012
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Herbal industry in Indonesia is progressing very rapidly. Increasing number of herbal medicineindustries lead to an increase of the waste which are normally processed in anaerobic ponds by usingchemical and biological process. However this process are not economical feasible and therefore analternative method by using natural resource is required. Phytoremediation is an environmentalfriendly method to reduce contaminant using aquatic plant. This method uses water plant to reduceCOD and nutrients content in the waste. Since the waste still high content of nutrient, therefore it ispotential for medium growth of algae Spirulina. This study was aimed to evaluate the use of variousplant species (water hyacinth and lotus) in decreasing contaminant and to determine optimal nutrientcomposition of the growth media. The phytoremediation was performed in 3-8 days and height ofliquid in the tank was maintained constant at 5 cm. The effluent of first phytoremediation wastransferred to second stage for cultivation of Spirulina with 15 days of cultivation time. The externalnutrients were added each 2 days and the concentration of biomass was measured for its opticaldensity. Spirulina grow well in herbal medicine waste that has been phytoremediation with lotus for 3days and had a CNP ratio amounted to 57.790 : 9.281 : 1 with a growth rate of 0.271/day. Industri obat di Indonesia tumbuh sangat cepat. Pertumbuhan inimengakibatkan meningkatnya limbah yang umumnya dilakukan dalam kolam anaerobik denganmenggunakan proses kimia dan biologi. Namun demikian, proses tersebut belum menunjukkan hasilekonomis sehingga diperlukan metode lain yang relatif aman dan ekonomis. Salah satu cara yangdapat digunakan adalah phytoremediasi mengguanakn tanaman air untuk mengurangi kandunganCOD dalam limbah dan nutrient. Dikarenakan limbah masih mengandung nutrient yang cukup banyak,maka limbah tersebut juga sangat potensial untuk digunakan sebagai medium mikroalga. Penelitianini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan tanaman air (enceng gondok dan teratai) untukmereduksi kontaminan dalam limbah obat jamu. Phytoremediasi dilakukan selama 4-8 hari dan tinggicairan dalam reaktor dijaga pada 5 cm. Keluaran dari phytoremediasi pertama menggunakantanaman air digunakan sebagai medium di phytoremediasi menggunakan mikroalga Spirulina. Untukmendapakan pertumbuhan yang optimum, maka ditambahakan juga nutrient dan menunjukkan bahwaSpirulina tumbuh dengan sangat baik dalam medium ini. Pertumbuhan terbaik diperoleh dariphytoremediasi menggunakan teratai selama 3 hari dan kecepatan pertumbuhan 0,271/hari denganperbandingan C:N:P = 57,790:9,28:1.

Kinetic Study and Optimization of the Most Influential Factor on Batch-Extraction of Gingerol from Fresh Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Rhizomes by Using n-Hexane as a Solvent Margaretha Praba Aulia; Fitra Pradhita; Andri Cahyo Kumoro; Marcelinus Christwardana; H. Hargono
Reaktor Volume 18 No. 3 September 2018
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

A solvent extraction of 6- gingerol from fresh ginger rhizome chips using n-hexane has been successfully carried out. This study aimed to investigate the effects of temperature, feed size, and feed mass on the yield of gingerol, to observe the kinetics of gingerol extraction process using n-hexane as a solvent, to find the most influential parameters in the gingerol extraction process and to determine the optimum conditions of the gingerol extraction process. The experiment was carried out for 60 minutes using two feed mass ( 50 and 75 g), two temperature (60 and 70 oC) and two chips sizes (100 and 25 mm3) using 350 mL n-hexane. The second-order kinetics model was used to study the extraction kinetic parameters. The quick method was used to evaluate the most influential extraction parameters with respect to the yield of gingerol. Feed mass was found to be the most influential parameter in the gingerol extraction process. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be at 60 °C, ginger rhizome chips with 25 mm size3, feed mass was 109.7g and 350 mL n-hexane, which resulted in crude extract with gingerol content of 517.11 ppm.

Mathematical Modeling for Determination of Correlation Between Current Density and Dissolved Oxygen in Yeast Microbial Fuel Cell-Based Biosensor Marcelinus Christwardana; Linda Aliffia Yoshi
Reaktor Volume 20 No.3 September 2020
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Experiments were conducted to study the correlation between current density and dissolved oxygen (DO) and to develop a model for estimating the value of current density in yeast MFC based DO biosensors. A curve between current density and DO was made, and data analysis was performed using free-online data fitting, namely zunzun.com. One linear regression and nine different exponential models are used as an approach to determine the correlation between current density and DO. The higher DO, the current density will increase rapidly. The most suitable model was chosen to describe the correlation between the current density and the DO. The coefficient of determination (R2), the sum of square absolute (SSQABS), and root mean square error (RMSE) are used to determine goodness or quality of fit. The exponential model shows a better fit to illustrate the correlation between current density and DO, with R2, SSQABS, and RMSE values were 0.9975, 0.4745 and 0.3444, respectively.

PENGARUH COATING ALGINATE-CHITOSAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA PADA BUAH MELON KUPASAN Heru Cahyana; Marcelinus Christwardana; Nur Rokhati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (83.541 KB)

Lack of peeling fruit processing now cause the rapid spoilage the fruit. Therefore, most of the industry slows microbial growth by using a coating on the fruit. In this study making edible films made from alginate and chitosan. Edible film also applied to peeling melon and tested the microbial growth during 3 days. The result showed melon which coating with chitosan film is very good because this film can hold up during 2 days with growth of microbe to 21,6 x 105 CFU/gr.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1566.329 KB)

Degradation of Phenol in Pharmaceutical Wastewater using TiO2/Pumice and O3/Active Carbon R. Ratnawati; E. Enjarlis; Yuli Amalia Husnil; Marcelinus Christwardana; S. Slamet
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2020 (April 2020)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Phenol is a toxic organic compound that detectable in the pharmaceutical wastewater, and therefore it should be eliminated. This study aims to degrade phenol in the pharmaceutical wastewater treatment using Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) include the photocatalytic process applying Titanium Oxide (TiO2) that immobilized on pumice stone (PS), as well as ozone process with O3 and O3/granulated activated carbon (GAC). Degradation system used two configuration reactors that worked alternately at pH 3 and 9. Photocatalysis was conducted for 4 hours in the photoreactor that equipped with mercury lamp as a photon source, while ozonation was performed for 1 hour in the cylinder glass reactor contained an ozone generator. Phenol degradations were done by photocatalysis, ozonation, photocatalysis followed by ozonation and vice versa. The FESEM-EDS and XRD results depicted that TiO2 has impregnated on pumice stone and FESEM characterization also indicated that the photocatalyst spread across the surface of the pumice stone. BET analysis results in an increased surface area of the PS-TiO2 by 3.7 times, whereas bandgap energy down to 3 eV. It can be concluded that ozone process (with O3/GAC) that followed by photocatalysis at pH 9 could treat the liquid waste with phenol concentration 11.2 down to 1.2 ppm that nearly according to the discharge standards quality (1 ppm). Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Performance of Yeast Microbial Fuel Cell Integrated with Sugarcane Bagasse Fermentation for COD Reduction and Electricity Generation Marcelinus Christwardana; J. Joelianingsih; Linda Aliffia Yoshi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 3 Year 2021 (September 2021)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.3.9739.446-458

The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the efficiency of the Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) system incorporated with the fermentation process, with the aim of reducing COD and generating electricity, using sugarcane bagasse extract as a substrate, in the presence and absence of sugarcane fibers. There is a possibility of turning bagasse extract into renewable bioenergy to promote the sustainability of the environment and energy. As a result, the integration of liquid fermentation (LF) with MFC has improved efficiency compared to semi-solid state fermentation (S-SSF). The maximum power generated was 14.88 mW/m2, with an average COD removal of 39.68% per cycle. The variation margin of the liquid fermentation pH readings remained slightly decrease, with a slight deflection of +0.14 occurring from 4.33. With the absence of bagasse fibers, biofilm can grow freely on the anode surface so that the transfer of electrons is fast and produces a relatively high current. Experimental data showed a positive potential after an effective integration of the LF and MFC systems in the handling of waste. The product is then simultaneously converted into electrical energy. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Evaluation Of Spirulina, Nannochloropsis, and Chlorella Micro-algae Growth in Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Medium with Variation of Medium Types and Time Adding Nutrient Muhamad Zaini Mahdi; Yasinta Nikita Titisari; H. Hadiyanto; Marcelinus Christwardana
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Diponegoro University

POME is a kind of liquid waste produced by the crude palm oil industry. POME was not treated adequately, resulting in an issue for the environment owing to excessive levels of COD and BOD. Algae is a kind of bio-absorbent that may neutralize contaminants in liquid waste. Microalgae need carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus-containing ingredients to flourish. These nutrients are necessary for photosynthetic carbon sources to be converted into biomass. POME includes a high concentration of C, N, and P; hence this research aims to investigate the potential of POME as a medium for the development of algae such as Spirulina, Nannochloropsis, and Chlorella. The experiment was carried out by varying the nutrients, water type, and time of nutrient feeding. Urea and sodium bicarbonate were the nutrition. Preparing the medium, culturing the microalgae, assessing biomass, counting the algae cells, and creating a calibration curve were the procedures in the experiment. The findings revealed that POME is the best medium for microalgae, that Spirulina grows better in POME than Chlorella and Nannochloropsis, and that providing nutrients every 2 days was better than introducing nutrients at the beginning and without adding nutrients.

Optimization of light intensity and color temperature in the cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris culture using the Surface Response Method Marcelinus Christwardana; H. Hadiyanto; Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 2 (2022): August 2022
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Microalgae have an important role as a source of biomass in producing energy. One type of microalgae that has the potential to be developed is Chlorella vulgaris. Several factors that affect the growth and biomass production of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae are color temperature and light intensity because they play an important role in the photosynthesis process. This study aims to influence the effect of light and color temperature and optimize these parameters using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Two independent variables were varied: light intensity 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 lux and color temperature 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 K. The results showed that the average value of Chlorella vulgaris growth was higher along with higher light intensity. At a color temperature of 4000 K, the highest biomass yield and the most negligible biomass production were found at 6000 K. At a color temperature of 4000 K, it is feasible to apply it as an alternative lighting source in the production of Chlorella vulgaris. The combination of light intensity and color temperature shows that the specific growth rate and doubling time have opposite trends where high values produce low values and vice versa. Growth in dark conditions, the specific growth rate was 0.0026 day-1, and the optimal light intensity at 600 lux treatment. ANOVA evaluation showed that color temperature greatly affected growth. Based on the optimization, the optimal specific growth rate of 00751day-1 with the conditions of light intensity and color temperature of 556 lux and 4152 K, respectively.

Co-Authors . Widayat A Abdullah Adrianus Kristyo Prabowo Adrianus Kristyo Prabowo, Adrianus Kristyo Agam Duma Kalista Wibowo Agnes Priska Tiarasukma Agnes Priska Tiarasukma Agus Afif Andin Vita Amalia, Andin Vita Andri Cahyo Kumoro Angela Nitia Nefasa Angela Nitia Nefasa Angela Nitia Nefasa Aniek Sri Handayani Athanasia Amanda Septevani, Athanasia Amanda Berkah Fajar Tamtomo kiono Boy Frando Sijabat Danny Soetrisnanto Deni Shidqi Khaerudini Dessy Ariyanti Dessy Ariyanti Didik Setiyo Widodo E. Enjarlis Ega Zahrotun Nisa Eudia Christina Wulandari Fadhilla, Putri Fania, Adhista Fatkur Rohman Fitra Pradhita Fitria Yuli Anggita Sari Gunawan Gunawan H Hadiyanto H. Hadiyanto H. Hadiyanto H. Hadiyanto H. Hadiyanto H. Hargono Hamid Hamid Hantoro Satriadi Haris, Amnan Hendrawan, Muhammad Andiri Heriyanti, Andhina Putri Heru Cahyana Huda, Muhammad Badrul I Made Aditya Suryajaya Ifa Miftahushudury Ismiyarto Ismitarto Ismojo, I. Joelianingsih . Linda Aliffia Yoshi, Linda Aliffia Linda Suyati Lisa Aditya Margaretha Praba Aulia Maulana, Achmad Yanuar Muhamad Zaini Mahdi Ngadiwiyana M.Si. S.Si. Nur Rokhati Ode Resa Fatlan Pina Tiani Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono Putra, Alam Eka Ratnawati Ratnawati Retno Ariadi Lusiana Rifa’atunnisa, Rifa’atunnisa Riky Yonas Rinaryadi, Kemilau Permata Hati Rizkan, Muhammad Rizki Nor Amelia S. Slamet Satrio Kuntolaksono Sidik Marsudi Singgih Hartanto Sri Widodo Agung Suedy Sudirman Sudirma Syachrir, Guntur Tony Suryo Utomo Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati Udi Harmoko Udi Harmoko Uray Irzandi Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi Widharyanti, Ika Dyah Yasinta Nikita Titisari Yuli Amalia Husnil Zakaria Hussein Abdurrahman

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