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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences VALENSI Reaktor International Journal of Renewable Energy Development JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal R.E.M (Rekyasa Energi Manufaktur) Jurnal Food Science and Technology Journal (Foodscitech) Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (JPKM) Tabikpun Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Bookchapter Alam Universitas Negeri Semarang Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Asian Journal of Social and Humanities JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN
Marcelinus Christwardana
Department Of Chemistry, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH., Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Optimization of light intensity and color temperature in the cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris culture using the Surface Response Method Marcelinus Christwardana; H. Hadiyanto; Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 1, No 2 (2022): August 2022
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbes.2022.14410

Abstract

Microalgae have an important role as a source of biomass in producing energy. One type of microalgae that has the potential to be developed is Chlorella vulgaris. Several factors that affect the growth and biomass production of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae are color temperature and light intensity because they play an important role in the photosynthesis process. This study aims to influence the effect of light and color temperature and optimize these parameters using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Two independent variables were varied: light intensity 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 lux and color temperature 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 K. The results showed that the average value of Chlorella vulgaris growth was higher along with higher light intensity. At a color temperature of 4000 K, the highest biomass yield and the most negligible biomass production were found at 6000 K. At a color temperature of 4000 K, it is feasible to apply it as an alternative lighting source in the production of Chlorella vulgaris. The combination of light intensity and color temperature shows that the specific growth rate and doubling time have opposite trends where high values produce low values and vice versa. Growth in dark conditions, the specific growth rate was 0.0026 day-1, and the optimal light intensity at 600 lux treatment. ANOVA evaluation showed that color temperature greatly affected growth. Based on the optimization, the optimal specific growth rate of 00751day-1 with the conditions of light intensity and color temperature of 556 lux and 4152 K, respectively.  
Microbial Fuel Cells for Simultaneous Electricity Generation and Organic Degradation from Slaughterhouse Wastewater Marcelinus Christwardana; Adrianus Kristyo Prabowo; Agnes Priska Tiarasukma; Dessy Ariyanti
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 2 (2016): July 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.2.107-112

Abstract

Microbial fuel Cell (MFC) has gained a lot of attention in recent years due to its capability in simultaneously reducing organic component and generating electricity. Here multicultural rumen microbes (RM) were used to reduce organic component of slaughterhouse wastewater in a self-fabricated MFC. The objectives of this study were to determine the MFC configuration and to find out its maximum capability in organic degradation and electricity generation. The experiments were conducted by employing, different types of electrode materials, electrode size, and substrate-RM ratio. Configuration of MFC with graphite-copper electrode 31.4 cm2 in size, and substrate-RM ratio 1:10 shows the best result with current density of 318 mA m-2, potential  2.4 V, and achieve maximum power density up to 700 mW m-2. In addition, self-fabricated MFC also shows its ability in reducing organic component by measuring the chemical oxygen demand (COD) up to 67.9% followed by increasing pH from 5.9 to 7.5. MFC operating at ambient condition (29oC and pH 7.5), is emphasized as green-technology for slaughterhouse wastewater treatment. Article History: Received March 26, 2016; Received in revised form June 20, 2016; Accepted June 25, 2016; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Prabowo, A.K., Tiarasukma, A.P., Christwardana, M. and Ariyanti, D. (2016) Microbial Fuel Cells for Simultaneous Electricity Generation and Organic Degradation from Slaughterhouse Wastewater. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(2), 107-112.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.2.107-112 
Performance and Techno-Economic Analysis of Scaling-up A Single-Chamber Yeast Microbial Fuel Cell as Dissolved Oxygen Biosensor Marcelinus Christwardana; Linda Aliffia Yoshi
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 3 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2020.29980

Abstract

The Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are electrochemical devices that can be utilized as biosensors, specifically Dissolved Oxygen (DO) biosensors. In this research, performance and techno-economic of MFC-based DO biosensors with two sizes, small and large, were evaluated and analysed to determine whether it is more economical to use a small or large reactor. MFC-based DO biosensors were also applied to an irrigation canal. When MFC immersed into distilled water with several variations of DO, the correlation between DO and current density produced equation with R2 values around 0.9989 and 0.9979 for SYMFC and LYMFC, respectively. The power density for SYMFC and LYMFC was 3.48 and 10.89 mW/m2, respectively, in DO 6. Higher power densities are correlated with the electrode surface area, especially the larger cathodic surface area. When applied to the irrigation canal, DO values measured using SYMFC and LYMFC have errors of around 3.39 and 4.42%, respectively, when compared to DO values measured using DO meters. LYMFC requires a capital cost of around $ 234.22 or 2.57 times higher than SYMFC, although it generates almost similar cost per mW/m2, $ 21.51 and $ 26.23 for LYMFC and SYMFC, respectively. The results concluded that yeast MFC -based DO biosensors with smaller sizes can achieve more economical compared to larger sizes.
Performance of Yeast Microbial Fuel Cell Integrated with Sugarcane Bagasse Fermentation for COD Reduction and Electricity Generation Marcelinus Christwardana; J. Joelianingsih; Linda Aliffia Yoshi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 3 Year 2021 (September 2021)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.3.9739.446-458

Abstract

The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the efficiency of the Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) system incorporated with the fermentation process, with the aim of reducing COD and generating electricity, using sugarcane bagasse extract as a substrate, in the presence and absence of sugarcane fibers. There is a possibility of turning bagasse extract into renewable bioenergy to promote the sustainability of the environment and energy. As a result, the integration of liquid fermentation (LF) with MFC has improved efficiency compared to semi-solid state fermentation (S-SSF). The maximum power generated was 14.88 mW/m2, with an average COD removal of 39.68% per cycle. The variation margin of the liquid fermentation pH readings remained slightly decrease, with a slight deflection of +0.14 occurring from 4.33. With the absence of bagasse fibers, biofilm can grow freely on the anode surface so that the transfer of electrons is fast and produces a relatively high current. Experimental data showed a positive potential after an effective integration of the LF and MFC systems in the handling of waste. The product is then simultaneously converted into electrical energy. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 
Scientometric Analysis of Biofilm Research in Microbial Fuel Cells: Insights into Key Research Areas and Emerging Trends Christwardana, Marcelinus; Suedy, Sri Widodo Agung; Harmoko, Udi
Eksergi Vol 21, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v21i2.11960

Abstract

A scientometric investigation mapped the literature on biofilm development in Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs), revealing promising renewable energy prospects and waste treatment solutions. The analysis encompassed 16898 sources, predominantly research articles (12571), along with review papers, conference papers, books, and other publications. Network analysis highlighted key research clusters and subtopics, including biofilm characterization, electrode optimization, and monitoring/control technologies. Insights from biofilm research have led to innovative approaches like biofilm engineering and advanced analytical techniques, enhancing real-world applications. Integration of MFCs into sustainable development underscores biofilms' potential as eco-friendly and economically viable components of energy production systems.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Hydrogen Production from Hydrogen Sulfide in Geothermal Power Plant by using Fe-Cl Hybrid Indirect Electrolysis Fadhilla, Putri; Udi Harmoko; Marcelinus Christwardana
R.E.M. (Rekayasa Energi Manufaktur) Jurnal Vol 8 No 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/r.e.m.v8i2.1679

Abstract

Clean and sustainable energy sources are needed to meet global energy demand. Geothermal Power Plants (GPPs) may generate power from Earth's heat. However, GPPs release hazardous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas. To overcome this problem and maximize on resource potential, researchers have investigated converting GPP-emitted H2S into hydrogen (H2). The Fe-Cl hybrid indirect electrolysis technique is used to analyze the thermodynamics of hydrogen synthesis from H2S in GPPs. Electrolysis electricity, hydrogen generation rate, and electrolyzer energy and exergy efficiency are examined in the thermodynamic analysis. The foundation parameters show that the electrolysis process uses 20.57 kWh of power every kilogram of H2 generated. Energy and exergy efficiencies of the electrolyzer are 89.89% and 97.72%, respectively, exhibiting system efficiency. The research also examines how H2S mass flow rate and electrolysis temperature affect energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, and power consumption. Optimizing hydrogen generation and system performance requires these elements. This study analyzes the thermodynamics of hydrogen synthesis from H2S in GPPs to create sustainable and ecologically friendly energy options. H2S emissions from GPPs might be used to efficiently produce hydrogen as a renewable energy source with more research.
Starch – carrageenan based low-cost membrane permeability characteristic and its application for yeast microbial fuel cells Christwardana, Marcelinus; Kuntolaksono, Satrio; Septevani, Athanasia Amanda; Hadiyanto, H
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.59160

Abstract

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are an innovative method that generates sustainable electricity by exploiting the metabolic processes of microorganisms. The membrane that divides the anode and cathode chambers is an important component of MFCs. Commercially available membranes, such as Nafion, are both costly, not sustainable, and harmful to the environment. In this study, a low-cost alternative membrane for MFCs based on a starch-carrageenan blend (SCB-LCM) was synthesized. The SCB-LCM membrane was created by combining starch and carrageenan and demonstrated a high dehydration rate of 98.87 % over six hours. SEM analysis revealed a smooth surface morphology with no pores on the membrane surface. The performance of SCB-LCM membrane-based MFCs was evaluated and compared to that of other membranes, including Nafion 117 and Nafion 212. All membranes tested over 25 hours lost significant weight, with SCB-LCM losing the least. The maximum power density (MPD) of the SCB-LCM MFCs was 15.77 ± 4.34 mW/m2, indicating comparable performance to commercial membranes. Moreover, the cost-to-power ratio for MFCs employing SCB-LCM was the lowest (0.03 USD.m2/mW) when compared to other membranes, indicating that SCB-LCM might be a viable and cost-effective alternative to Nafion in MFCs. These SCB-LCM findings lay the groundwork for future research into low-cost and sustainable membrane for MFC technologies.  
The Influence of Various Substrates on Power Generation in The Operation of Yeast Microbial Fuel Cells Christwardana, Marcelinus; Joelianingsih, J.; Yoshi, Linda Aliffia
Reaktor Volume 22 No.2 August 2022
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.22.2.36-41

Abstract

Several carbon substrates were tried, including glucose commercial, pro analysis glucose, commercial sugar, and yeast extract - peptone - d glucose (YPD) medium to improve the efficiency of the single chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC). The power production of various electron donors was investigated using baker yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Voltage and power density generation were used to establish the pattern of substrate use. In addition, electrochemical analysis of the anodic biofilm was performed. S. cervisiae was shown to successfully consume YPD medium by anode respiration with a higher power density of 18.40±1.98 mW/m2, followed by pro analysis glucose (9.41±1.15 mW/m2), commercial glucose (1.30±0.10 mW/m2), and commercial sugar (0.04±0.01 mW/m2). Furthermore, a clear relationship was established between power density generating rate and voltage output. Voltages produced were 0.16±0.02 V, 0.13±0.03 V, 0.03±0.01 V, 0.01±0.00 V for YPD medium, pro analysis glucose, commercial glucose, and commercial sugar, respectively in MFC. The weight of biofilm indicated that yeast attachment was significantly more common in YPD medium than in other MFC-operated media. This study discovered that the substrate type in the anodic compartment regulates the formation of anodic biofilm.
Use of Machine Learning-Based Health Index With K-Nearest Neighbors Method to Maintain Desalination Plant Performance Gas and Steam Power Plants Applications Harmoko, Udi; Christwardana, Marcelinus; Rizkan, Muhammad
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 3 No. 7 (2025): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v3i7.549

Abstract

This study presents the implementation of a Machine Learning-Based Health Index utilizing the K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) algorithm for predictive maintenance in desalination plants within gas and steam power plants. The research focuses on optimizing the maintenance schedule of the Block 3 Priok Desalination Plant, which is critical for providing high-quality distilled water for power generation. This study aims to develop and integrate a predictive maintenance framework into PLN’s digitization system, allowing for automated monitoring and optimized servicing schedules. Unlike the previous application of K-NN in Block 4, which utilized five health indices for performance classification, Block 3 requires an expanded model incorporating at least seven input parameters due to its multi-effect desalination process. By refining the predictive model and increasing data parameterization, this study seeks to enhance maintenance accuracy, minimize operational downtime, and improve overall desalination efficiency. By leveraging historical operational data and real-time monitoring, the K-NN model predicts the health index of desalination components with 98% accuracy. Implementing this approach minimizes downtime, optimizes maintenance schedules, and enhances energy efficiency. The results demonstrate that AI-driven predictive maintenance significantly improves reliability, reduces costs, and supports energy sustainability goals.
EKSPLORASI POTENSI SPIRULINA DALAM PENANGANAN LIMBAH OLI BEKAS KENDARAAN Amalia, Andin Vita; Haris, Amnan; Heriyanti, Andhina Putri; Amelia, Rizki Nor; Rifa’atunnisa, Rifa’atunnisa; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Christwardana, Marcelinus
Bookchapter Alam Universitas Negeri Semarang Vol. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ka.v5i1`.273

Abstract

Oli merupakan pelumas mesin kendaraan bermotor yang memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga kinerja dan umur panjang mesin. Namun, setelah digunakan, oli bekas harus segera diganti karena sifatnya yang sudah terdegradasi dan mengandung berbagai kontaminan berbahaya. Sayangnya, pengelolaan limbah oli bekas di masyarakat masih sangat terbatas. Oli bekas umumnya hanya dimanfaatkan untuk melumasi baut dan rantai, dicampur dengan solar sebagai bahan bakar alternatif, atau bahkan dibuang dan ditampung tanpa proses pengolahan yang memadai. Hal ini berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan, terutama karena kandungan bahan kimia beracun dan logam berat yang dapat mencemari tanah dan badan air. Salah satu pendekatan yang mulai dikembangkan untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini adalah pemanfaatan mikroorganisme seperti mikroalga. Spirulina, salah satu jenis mikroalga, diketahui memiliki kemampuan sebagai agen bioremediasi yang efektif karena mampu menyerap polutan (bertindak sebagai sorben), mengubah senyawa berbahaya menjadi bentuk yang lebih aman, serta mengakumulasikannya dalam struktur tubuhnya. Spirulina telah berhasil digunakan untuk mengolah berbagai jenis limbah, seperti limbah tahu, minyak jelantah, dan limbah industri batik. Karakteristik limbah oli yang memiliki kemiripan dengan minyak jelantah, terutama karena keduanya berasal dari fraksi minyak bumi, maka spirulina memiliki potensi besar untuk digunakan dalam bioremediasi limbah oli bekas.
Co-Authors . Widayat A Abdullah Adrianus Kristyo Prabowo Adrianus Kristyo Prabowo, Adrianus Kristyo Agam Duma Kalista Wibowo Agnes Priska Tiarasukma Agnes Priska Tiarasukma Agus Afif Andin Vita Amalia, Andin Vita Andri Cahyo Kumoro Angela Nitia Nefasa Angela Nitia Nefasa Angela Nitia Nefasa Aniek Sri Handayani Athanasia Amanda Septevani, Athanasia Amanda Atunnisa, Rifa' Boy Frando Sijabat Danny Soetrisnanto Dessy Ariyanti Dessy Ariyanti Didik Setiyo Widodo E. Enjarlis Ega Zahrotun Nisa Eudia Christina Wulandari Fadhilla, Putri Fatkur Rohman Fatlan, Ode Resa Fitra Pradhita Fitria Yuli Anggita Sari Gunawan Gunawan H Hadiyanto H. Hargono Hamid Hamid Hantoro Satriadi Haris, Amnan Hendrawan, Muhammad Andiri Heri Sutanto Heriyanti, Andhina Putri Heru Cahyana Huda, Muhammad Badrul I Made Aditya Suryajaya Ifa Miftahushudury Ismiyarto Ismitarto Ismojo, I. Joelianingsih . Linda Aliffia Yoshi, Linda Aliffia Linda Suyati Lisa Aditya Margaretha Praba Aulia Muhamad Iqbal Syachjaya Syachjaya Muhamad Zaini Mahdi Napolin Niuhardson Siregar Ngadiwiyana M.Si. S.Si. Nur Rokhati Ode Resa Fatlan Pina Tiani Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono Ratnawati Ratnawati Retno Ariadi Lusiana Riky Yonas Rinaryadi, Kemilau Permata Hati Rizkan, Muhammad Rizki Nor Amelia S. Slamet Satrio Kuntolaksono Sidik Marsudi Sijabat, Boy Frando Singgih Hartanto Singgih Hartanto Sri Widodo Agung Suedy Subhan Hasisi Sudirman Sudirma Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati Udi Harmoko Udi Harmoko Uray Irzandi Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi Widharyanti, Ika Dyah Yasinta Nikita Titisari Yuli Amalia Husnil Zakaria Hussein Abdurrahman