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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan indonesia Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health) Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development) Paediatrica Indonesiana JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekita : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Pro Health Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Jurnal Ar Ro'is Mandalika (Armada) Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (The Public Health Science Journal) Proceeding Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health

Yusniar Hanani Darundiati

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Author-ID : 250346

Religion Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Descriptive Study of Healthy Lifestyle Community Movement During Covid-19 Pandemic Period of Diponegoro University Students Live in Jakarta Rahmah, Syifa Rifqa Ainur; Fitria, Laila; Darundiati, Yusniar Hanani; Dewanti, Nikie Astorina Yunita
Jurnal Ar Ro'is Mandalika (Armada) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL AR RO'IS MANDALIKA (ARMADA)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian dan Pengembangan Mandalika Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59613/armada.v5i1.5188

COVID-19 is a global pandemic phenomenon. Collage students are included in the second-largest age range contracting COVID-19 (24.7%) after the productive age range, namely 31-45 (30.4%) in 31 August 2020. This disease must be overcome by carrying out preventive activities, such as the practice of the Healthy Living Community Movement. This study aims to describe the practice of Healthy Living Community Movement of Diponegoro University students who live in Jakarta during the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of research is descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study were Diponegoro students who lived in Jakarta with accidental sampling. The data analysis used was univariate. The results of this study found a good overview of Healthy Living Community Movement among students (72.2%). However, in practice, physical activity at least 30 minutes a day are still rarely done (53.7%). The majority of respondents have a fairly good knowledge (47.2%). However, the knowledge of the severity of smokers exposed to COVID-19 is still less likely to become intensive care patients (6.5%). Respondent's attitude was classified as positive (97.2%). The level of access to information about COVID-19 and the Healthy Living Community Movement of respondents was in a good category (68.5 %%). In addition, respondents are also motivated to do Healthy Living Community Movement by their social environments such as parents (83.3%) and friends (66.7%). It can be concluded that in addition to knowledge, the respondents' level of Healthy Living Community Movement practice is classified as good because it has covered all of these practices during the COVID-19 pandemic.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI DAN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT PADA PETANI DI KECAMATAN BANDUNGAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG Sulistiyono Putra, Ilham Pradana; Setiani, Onny; Darundiati, Yusniar Hanani
PREPOTIF : JURNAL KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): AGUSTUS 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/prepotif.v9i2.47120

Pendahuluan: Penggunaan pestisida yang intensif dalam pertanian hortikultura di Kecamatan Bandungan, Kabupaten Semarang, menimbulkan kekhawatiran terhadap dampak kesehatannya, terutama hipertensi dan Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kejadian hipertensi dan MCI pada petani, termasuk karakteristik individu dan paparan pestisida seperti dosis, durasi kerja, masa kerja, frekuensi penyemprotan, jumlah jenis pestisida, penyimpanan, arah penyemprotan, serta penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD). Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional ini melibatkan 100 petani laki-laki aktif di Kecamatan Bandungan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terstruktur, pengukuran tekanan darah, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), dan fungsi kognitif menggunakan kuesioner MMSE. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Rank Spearman dan Chi-square. Hasil: Ditemukan prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 38% dan gangguan kognitif sebesar 61%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara hipertensi dengan IMT (p=0,005), dosis pestisida (p=0,000), lama kerja per hari (p=0,000), dan penggunaan APD (p=0,002). Gangguan kognitif berhubungan signifikan dengan masa kerja (p=0,000), lama kerja per hari (p=0,042), dosis pestisida (p=0,045), dan penggunaan APD (p=0,000). Variabel arah penyemprotan, jumlah jenis pestisida, penyimpanan, dan frekuensi tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan. Simpulan: Hipertensi dan gangguan kognitif ringan pada petani lebih dipengaruhi oleh intensitas paparan harian dan perilaku keselamatan kerja dibandingkan faktor lamanya bekerja atau jumlah pestisida yang digunakan. Intervensi preventif melalui edukasi penggunaan APD, pembatasan durasi kerja, serta penyemprotan yang aman sangat dibutuhkan untuk melindungi kesehatan petani dari paparan pestisida kronis.

Association Between Pesticide Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Female Farmers: A Cross-Sectional Study Masyithah, Wulan; Onny Setiani; Yusniar Hanani Darundiati; Mursid Raharjo; Nurjazuli
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 3 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i3.2025.220-229

Introduction: The widespread use of pesticides in agriculture has been linked to an increased risk of diabetes mellitus. Long-term exposure to pesticides can disrupt glucose metabolism, trigger insulin resistance, and raise susceptibility to diabetes mellitus. This study investigates the association between pesticide exposure and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design involved 162 female farmers selected by purposive sampling from a population of 2,187, using the Lemeshow formula. Independent variables included work duration, types and frequency of pesticide use, spraying duration and direction, PPE usage, and cholinesterase levels. The dependent variable was type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data were collected through questionnaires, observation, and clinical tests for blood glucose and cholinesterase levels. Logistic regression was performed at 95% CI and α = 0.05. Result and Discussion: The results showed that 69.1% of female farmers exposed to pesticides had diabetes with lower cholinesterase levels as a significant indicator (p<0.001; OR=3.897; 95% CI=2.087-7.277). Factors such as working duration ≥10 years (p=0.010; OR=3.564; 95% CI=1.359-9.346), number of pesticides types (p=0.023; OR=3.370; 95% CI=1.187-9.570), spraying duration (p=0.020; OR=3.083; 95% CI=1.197-7.940), and PPE usage (p=0.007; OR=3.601; 95% CI=1.416-9.159) were associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Pesticides, particularly organophosphates and carbamates, act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals that impair pancreatic function and increase oxidative stress, contributing to insulin resistance. Female farmers more vulnerable to these effects due to hormonal sensitivity, making gender specific approaches essential. Strict regulations and farmer education are crucial to reduce long-term health risks.

Pesticide Spraying Practices and Hypertension Risk among farmers in Bumen Village, Indonesia Masyithah, Wulan; Onny Setiani; Darundiati, Yusniar Hanani; Suhartono; Raharjo, Mursid; Hasim, Jamal Hisham
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 3 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i3.317

This study investigated the association between pesticide spraying practices and hypertension in horticultural farmers in Bumen Village, Sumowono District, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 132 male farmers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews, blood pressure measurements, and field observations. Logistic regression revealed that mixing ≥2 pesticide types (OR=4.828; p=0.028), spraying ≥4 times per week (OR=4.552; p=0.010), and incomplete PPE use (OR=3.551; p=0.015) were significantly associated with hypertension. These findings underscore the need for stricter pesticide regulation, improved PPE use, and regular health monitoring to reduce health risks among farmers.

The Association Between Occupational Noise Exposure And The Incidence Of Hypertension Among Industrial Workers Az Zahro, Putri Rahmawati; Onny Setiani; Yusniar Hanani Darundiati
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 22 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Volume 22 No. 2, Juli 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Banjarbaru

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/jkl.v22i2.1045

One common form of pollution is noise exposure, which, when exceeding the threshold of 85 dB(A), may increase the risk of hypertension. Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, with several risk factors including age, length of employment, smoking habits, sleep duration, obesity, and diabetes. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of hypertension among workers in the wood furniture industry. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted involving 100 male workers selected through purposive sampling. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The highest measured noise intensity was 95.3 dB(A), with an average of 87.3 dB(A). The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 127.5 mmHg and 82 mmHg, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed that noise intensity (p = 0.021; PR = 3.619) and obesity (p = 0.005; PR = 4.334) were significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension. It can be concluded that high noise exposure and obesity are risk factors for hypertension among wood furniture industry workers.

Paparan Pestisida sebagai Faktor Risiko Hipertensi pada Petani: Kajian Literatur Ilham Pradana Sulistiyono Putra; Onny Setiani; Yusniar Hanani Darundiati
Pro Health Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Pro Health Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

ABSTRAK Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan konsumsi pestisida tertinggi di dunia, dan paparan terhadap pestisida telah dikaitkan dengan berbagai gangguan kesehatan, termasuk peningkatan tekanan darah. Hipertensi tercatat prevalensinya mencapai 33,7 % di kalangan masyarakat perdesaan Indonesia, termasuk di antara petani sebagai kelompok yang rentan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor risiko hipertensi yang terkait aktivitas penggunaan pestisida di kalangan petani. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur berbasis pendekatan PICO, dengan pencarian artikel secara sistematis melalui empat basis data (SINTA, Google Scholar, Scopus, dan PubMed), dibatasi pada publikasi dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Sebanyak 10 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dievaluasi secara kritis. Faktor risiko hipertensi yang terdeteksi meliputi lamanya masa kerja sebagai petani, jenis dan jumlah pestisida yang digunakan, dosis aplikasi, frekuensi serta waktu penyemprotan, dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD). Sebagian besar studi menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara paparan pestisida dan peningkatan risiko hipertensi. Kesimpulannya, paparan pestisida dari kegiatan pertanian merupakan faktor risiko yang signifikan terhadap hipertensi pada petani. Oleh karena itu, intervensi melalui edukasi dan penerapan penggunaan APD yang tepat sangat diperlukan untuk menurunkan risiko tersebut. Kata kunci: Pestisida, Hipertensi, Petani, Paparan, Faktor Risiko ABSTRACT Indonesia ranks among the world’s highest pesticide-consuming countries, and exposure to pesticides has been linked to various health issues, including elevated blood pressure. The prevalence of hypertension among rural communities in Indonesia, including farmers as a vulnerable group, is recorded at 33.7 %. This literature review, using the PICO framework, aims to identify risk factors for hypertension associated with pesticide-related farming activities. A systematic search was conducted across four databases (SINTA, Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed) limited to publications from the past 10 years. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria and were critically assessed. Identified primary risk factors for hypertension include duration of farming work, types and quantities of pesticide used, application dose, timing and frequency of spraying, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Most studies demonstrate a significant association between pesticide exposure and an increased risk of hypertension. In conclusion, pesticide exposure through agricultural activities constitutes a significant risk factor for hypertension among farmers. Therefore, interventions focused on education and proper use of PPE are essential to mitigate this risk. Keywords: Pesticide, Hypertension, Farmers, Exposure, Risk Factors

Uji In Vitro Efektivitas Ekstrak Biji Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) Sebagai Larvasida Alami Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Nyamuk Culex sp. Instar III di Loka Labkesmas Pangandaran Anissah, Neli; Setiani, Onny; Darundiati, Yusniar Hanani
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 24, No 2 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.69516

Latar belakang: Indonesia beriklim tropis dengan curah hujan yang tinggi, yang memungkinkan nyamuk dapat dengan mudah hidup dan berkembang biak. Nyamuk Culex sp. berperan sebagai vektor untuk penyakit seperti Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile Virus dan Filariasis. Salah satu metode pengendalian alami yang bisa diterapkan adalah dengan memanfaatkan larvasida hayati, yaitu pestisida yang terbuat dari bahan nabati. Biji sirsak diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang dapat di manfaatkan sebagai insektisida alami.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan desain post-test only controlled group. Larva yang digunakan larva nyamuk Culex sp. instar III dengan 5 konsentrasi ekstrak biji sirsak (0%, 0,125%, 0,25%, 0,5% dan 1%, masing-masing perlakuan menggunakan 25 larva dan pengulangan 5 kali. Pengamatan di lakukan setelah 24 jam dan yang di peroleh dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney dan uji Probit untuk menghitung nilai LC50.Hasil: Biji sirsak memiliki kandungan senyawa alkaloid, senyawa ini bersifat toksik bagi pernapasan dan sistem pencernaan larva. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak biji sirsak (Annona muricata L.) akan meningkatkan jumlah mortalitas (kematian) larva Culex sp. Nilai LC50 yang diperoleh sebesar 0,188%, yang berarti konsentrasi 0,188% dapat menyebabkan efek 50% kematian populasi larva Culex sp. dalam waktu 24 jam.Simpulan: Ekstrak biji sirsak efektif sebagai larvasida alami terhadap larva nyamuk Culex sp., dengan nilai LC50 sebesar 0,188%. Temuan ini, menunjukan bahwa ekstrak biji sirsak (Annona muricata L.) bisa menjadi alternatif untuk pengendalian vektor nyamuk yang aman, berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. ABSTRACT Title: Effectiveness Test of Soursop Seed Extract (Annona muricata Linn) as a Larvicide Against the Mortality of Culex sp. LarvaeBackground: Indonesia has a tropical climate with high rainfall, which provides favorable conditions for mosquitoes to live and breed easily. Culex species mosquitoes act as vectors for diseases such as Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile virus, and filariasis. One natural control method that can be applied is the use of biolarvicides, which are pesticides derived from plant-based materials. Soursop seeds are known to contain bioactive compounds that can be utilized as natural insecticides.Methods: This study was conducted experimentally using a post-test only controlled group design. The test subjects were third-instar Culex sp. mosquito larvae, exposed to five concentrations of soursop seed extract (0%, 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%). Each treatment group consisted of 25 larvae with five repetitions. Observations were made after 24 hours, and the data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney test, and Probit analysis to determine the LC₅₀ value.Result: Soursop seeds contain alkaloid compounds, which are toxic to the respiratory and digestive systems of mosquito larvae. The study showed that increasing the concentration of soursop seed extract (Annona muricata L.) led to a higher mortality rate of Culex sp. larvae. The LC₅₀ value obtained was 0.188%, indicating that this concentration caused 50% mortality of the larval population within 24 hours.Conclusion: Soursop seed extract is effective as a natural larvicide against Culex sp. mosquito larvae, with an LC₅₀ value of 0.188%. These findings suggest that soursop seed extract (Annona muricata L.) can serve as a safe, sustainable, and environmentally friendly alternative for mosquito vector control.

Analisis Faktor Pengetahuan, Sikap, Persepsi Sarana Prasarana, dan Tokoh Masyarakat dengan Praktik Pemilahan Sampah pada Mahasiswa di Kecamatan Tembalang Zahra, Nabilah; Darundiati, Yusniar Hanani; Wahyuningsih, Nur Endah; Raharjo, Mursid; Sulistiyani, Sulistiyani
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 24, No 2 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.71889

Latar belakang: Kecamatan Tembalang, dengan populasi mahasiswa yang besar, merupakan penyumbang sampah terbanyak kedua di Kota Semarang pada tahun 2024 mencapai 49.367,454 ton/tahun. Peningkatan volume sampah ini sejalan dengan pertumbuhan populasi serta konsumsi masyarakat. Pemilahan sampah dari sumbernya menjadi langkah utama untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor pengetahuan, sikap, persepsi sarana prasarana dan persepsi tokoh masyarakat dengan praktik mahasiswa dalam pemilahan sampah.Metode: Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan observasional analitik dengan rancangan studi cross-sectional, melibatkan 130 mahasiswa aktif jenjang D3, D4, dan S1 dari tiga universitas di Kecamatan Tembalang, 6 petugas pengangkut sampah, dan 6 tokoh masyarakat di wilayah Kecamatan Tembalang. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan Google Forms pada November – Desember 2024, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel accidental dan purposive sampling. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi pengetahuan, sikap, persepsi sarana prasarana dan dukungan tokoh masyarakat, serta praktik pemilahan sampah. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square.Hasil: Responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik (50,8%), sikap negatif (63,1%), persepsi sarana prasarana kurang memadai (63,8%), persepsi dukungan tokoh masyarakat rendah (71,5%), dan praktik pemilahan sampah kurang baik (71,5%), sarana prasarana kurang memadai (66,7%), dan dukungan tokoh masyarakat rendah (50%). Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan praktik (p=0,096), ada hubungan antara sikap (p=0,001), persepsi sarana prasarana (p=0,013), persepsi dukungan tokoh masyarakat (p=0,001) dengan praktik pemilahan sampah di Kecamatan Tembalang.Simpulan: Pengetahuan tidak berhubungan dengan praktik pemilahan sampah tetapi sikap, persepsi sarana prasarana dan persepsi dukungan tokoh masyarakat memiliki hubungan dengan praktik pemilahan sampah pada mahasiswa di Kecamatan Tembalang. ABSTRACT Title: Analysis Of Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions Of Infrastructure And Community Leaders With Student’s Waste Sorting Practices In TembalangBackground: Tembalang, with its large student population, is the second largest contributor of waste in Semarang City in 2024, reaching 49,367.454 tons/year. The increase in waste volume is in line with population growth and consumption. Waste sorting from the source is the primary step in overcoming this problem. This study analyzes the factors of knowledge, attitude, infrastructure perception, and community leader support on waste sorting practices among students.Method: Employing an analytical observational approach with a cross-sectional design, the study involved 130 active students at D3, D4, and S1 levels from three universities in Tembalang, 6 waste collectors, and 6 community leaders. Data were collected via direct interviews using Google Forms from November to December 2024. Sampling techniques included accidental and purposive sampling. Variables measured were knowledge, attitude, infrastructure perception, community leader support perception, and waste sorting practices. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test.Result: Respondents had poor knowledge (50.8%), negative attitudes (63.1%), perceptions of inadequate infrastructure (63.8%), perceptions of low community leader support (71.5%), inadequate infrastructure (66.7%), and low community leader support (50%). While knowledge showed no relationship with practices (p=0.096), attitude (p=0.001), infrastructure perception (p=0.013), and community leader support perception (p=0.001) were significantly associated with waste sorting practices. Conclusion: Knowledge does not correlate with waste sorting practices, but attitudes, infrastructure perception, and community leader support significantly influence waste sorting practices among university students in Tembalang.

A Review of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) Exposure and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults Daramusseng, Andi; Sulistiyani; Suhartono; Darundiati, Yusniar Hanani
Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33860/jik.v19i2.4019

The sources of DEHP exposure are very wide because it is used as a plasticizer and additive in cosmetics and personal care products. Epidemiological studies have shown that DEHP and its metabolites can increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. However, this observation is still debated. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review aimed to investigate the relationship between DEHP exposure and metabolic syndrome in adults. This study used three databases, namely Pubmed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, with English-language publications from 2019 to 2024. Seven cross-sectional and cohort studies from South Korea, the United States, Mexico, and Taiwan met the inclusion criteria selected through the PRISMA stages They were assessed for quality using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool. The findings showed that only studies conducted in the United States and South Korea showed a significant association between DEHP and its metabolites (MEHP, MECPP, MCMHP, MEHHP, and MEOHP) with metabolic syndrome. However, these findings were limited to men, white men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. In conclusion, DEHP and its metabolites showed inconsistent results on metabolic syndrome in adults. Recommendations are that further studies are needed with more robust designs in the future in various countries to clearly describe the relationship between DEHP and metabolic syndrome and strong regulation of phthalate use to minimize exposure.

Impact of Brain Gym® on health outcomes of toddlers born with low birth weight: a randomized trial Setiawan, Cahyo; Kartini, Apoina; Winarni, Sri; Darundiati, Yusniar Hanani
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.5.2025.399-409

Background Low birth weight (LBW) children are at risk of developmental delay, including impaired motor skills, cognitive function, and stress regulation. Brain Gym® activities have been shown to improve motor coordination, attention span, and fine motor skills in preschool and primary school-aged children. Evidence for the use of Brain Gym® is limited for infants and toddlers with medical vulnerabilities such as low birth weight (LBW), who are at increased risk of developmental delay and heightened stress sensitivity. Objective To evaluate the impact of Brain Gym® exercises on cognitive function, motor skills (fine and gross motor), and cortisol levels in children aged 12–23 months with a history of LBW compared to a control group. Methods A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in Sragen, Indonesia, involving 80 low birth weight (LBW) children aged 12 to 23 months. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: an experimental group receiving Brain Gym® intervention and a control group.The experimental group received Brain Gym® exercises combined with routine baby massage, while the control group received only baby massage. Cognitive and motor development were assessed using the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST), while stress biomarkers were measured through salivary cortisol levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Assessments were conducted at baseline (pre-intervention) and after the 8-week intervention period. The evaluators who administered the DDST and laboratory staff analyzing cortisol were blinded to group allocation. Results The primary outcomes of this study were motor skills, cortisol levels, and cognitive function. At baseline, there were no significant differences between the Brain Gym® group and the control group in fine motor, gross motor, or cognitive function scores, as assessed by the DDST. After the intervention, between-group comparisons revealed no statistically significant differences in gross motor, fine motor, cortisol, or cognitive function outcomes. Within-group analysis showed that gross motor scores in the Brain Gym® group significantly increased after the intervention (P = 0.038), while fine motor scores demonstrated a non-significant trend toward improvement (P = 0.110). Cortisol levels in the Brain Gym® group significantly decreased (P = 0.009), whereas the control group exhibited no significant changes in gross motor (P = 0.548), fine motor, or cortisol levels (P = 0.118). Cognitive function scores remained statistically unchanged in both groups. Conclusion Our findings suggest that Brain Gym® exercises can improve gross motor function and reduce stress in LBW children. These findings highlight the potential of early interventions in enhancing development, but should be interpreted cautiously due to the modest sample size and short intervention period. Future studies should focus on the long-term effects and the mechanisms underlying these improvements.

Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Achmad Rizki Azhari Ahmad Farid Ali Djamhuri Amalia Jamil Angelina, Maria Sylvia Anggraeni, Siti Hafidzhah Dyah Ayu Anissah, Neli Annisa Amaliana Annisa Rachmawati Apoina Kartini Ardias Ardias Arumsari, Fina Astri Wulandari Ayu Larasati Az Zahro, Putri Rahmawati Az-zahro, Putri Rahmawati Azhari, Achmad Rizki Azzahra Pratadina Bariyadi Rifai Benedikta Familia Santcawarti Budiyono Budiyono Budiyono Budiyono Cahyo Setiawan Charles foeh Foeh Chesaria Candra Cahyani Chintya Pangestika Choirul Luluk Fatimah Cresti Dwitiya Murti Daramusseng, Andi Diah Ayu Pusparini, Diah Ayu Dian Indriyani Diana Islamawati Eka Wahyuni Fatikha Firdausi Fitria Andriani Fitrisya Lucki Dwiyanti Fransiska Vony Wicheisa Galuh Candra Dewi Hanan Lanang Dangiran Hanan Lanang Dangiran, Hanan Lanang Hapsari, Titi Hari Ismanto Hasim, Jamal Hisham Ika Fitriati, Ika Ilham Pradana Sulistiyono Putra intan permata sari Karunia Dwi HPS Kunti Wijiarti Laila Fitria Lailya Indha Pramastuti Latifah, Endah Nur Lina Yulianti Linda Devega Masyithah, Wulan Maulida, Devina Alya Maysaroh Nur Istikomah Mayvika Farah Fadhila Munawaroh, Dinni Asmini Mursid Rahardjo Mursid Raharjo Nasution, Lailatussyifah Niki Astorina Yunita Darundiati Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti Niki Astorina Yunita Dewanti, Niki Astorina Yunita Nikie Astorina Yunita Dewanti Nuha, Nabila Ulin Nur Endah Wahyunigsih Nur Endah Wahyuningsih Nur Latifah, Endah Nurjazuli Nurjazuli Nurjazuli Nurjazuli Nurjazuli Nurul Qodariyah Oktavia Suci Setyoningsih, Oktavia Suci Okti Iswari Triswindyaningrum Onni Setiani Onny Setiani Onny Setiani Poppi Nastasia Dewi Pudjaningrum Pudjaningrum Puspita, Yashinta Dwi Rahmadayanti Rahmadayanti Rahmah, Syifa Rifqa Ainur Rahman, Muhammad Auliya Rainy Rifta Raisha Selviastuti Regita Damayanti Saputri Rifka Fuazia Bilqis Risa Kartika Putri Risma Dwi Yulianti Rizka Laila Rachmawati, Rizka Laila Solly Aryza Sri Winarni Suhartono Sukma Dewi Novianti Sulistiyani SULISTIYANI SULISTIYANI Sulistiyono Putra, Ilham Pradana Sulistyani Sulistyani Suryanti, Ratna Tika Adelia Nurkholis Puteri Tri Joko Ufairoh, Azum Ulfa, Elok Fadila Utami, Desi Putri Vitasari, Marliana Wahida Inayatun Nikmah Wahyu Sekar Harjanti Widya Kristiani Dory Purba, Widya Kristiani Dory Winnoto Winnoto Yudi Akbar, Faris Yuliani Setyaningsih Zahra, Nabilah

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