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Biokonversi Kertas HVS Bekas Menjadi Bioetanol Dengan Variabel Konsentrasi Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sisi Oktadira Kalpatari; Chairul Chairul; Yelmida Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

One effort to overcome the scarcity of oil fuels is by finding alternative fuels from renewable natural resources. Biomass waste is one of the energy sources in the form of lignocellulose which can produce bioethanol. Indirectly, used Hvs paper is cellulose which has a lot of waste. The level of consumption of Hvs paper in Indonesia and in the world continues to increase. The consequence of increasing consumption of Hvs paper has a high impact on the waste paper produced. The large amount of paper waste available provides an opportunity for efforts to utilize the paper waste. The utalization of used Hvs paper is usually only recycled into Hvs paper again, but the quality is not as good as initially. This study is aimed to convert used Hvs paper become bioethanol because used Hvs paper still contains cellulose as its main raw material. In this study, The process of making bioethanol from used Hvs paper has done with the pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation stages. The pretreatment process uses NaOH, then the hydrolysis process with dilute acid is used 1.5 M, hydrolysis temperature of 1300C, time of 120 minutes, The last process is fermentation. The fermentation process was carried out by varying the concentration of yeast which is 1 gr, 3 gr, 5 gr and fermentation time which is 48 hours, 96 hours, 144 hours, and 192 hours. In acid hydrolysis, the maximum sugar concentration was produced at 131.23 gr / L. The best concentration of yeast in this study was 5 grams at the best fermentation time of 144 hours with bioethanol levels obtained at 6% or 47.36 g / L.Keywords: bioethanol, fermentation, hydrolysis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hvs paper
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Kulit Telur Ayam Ras Melalui Metode Hidrotermal Fadly Sitohang; Yelmida Azis; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 is a calcium phosphate compound which is bioactive ceramic material with high bioafinitas and the principal inorganic constituent of bones and teeth. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) materials use as bone implants, adsorbents and catalysts. In this research synthesis of hydroxyapatite can be made by using material which is rich of CaCO3 like PCC chicken’s egg shell with a composition of 99,45% CaCO3. PCC chicken’s egg shell which has calcium source synthesized to HAp by hydrothermal process with variated times of reaction (14 hours; 16 hours; 18 hours) and reaction temperature (130oC, 150oC, 170oC). HAp synthesized results have been analyzed by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of FTIR analysis showed the formation of hydroxyapatite in the presence of peaks PO43- dan OH-. The highest peak obtained at reaction temperature 130oC with reaction time 14 hours and 16 hours. XRD diffraction results in hydroxyapatite got the highest purity obtained at temperature of 130oC at reaction time 14 hours with a hexagonal crystal structures. The results of SEM-EDX analysis showed that the morphology form of HAp was agglomerates or clumping . The molar ratio of Ca / P of hydroxyapatite which is made from chicken’s egg shell through the PCC was 1,69..Keywords : PCC Chicken’s Eggs Shell, pH, Temperature, Hydroxyapatite, Hydrothermal Method.
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Terumbu Karang Menggunakan Metode Hidrotermal Dengan Variasi Temperatur Reaksi Yunus Olivia Novanto; Yelmida Azis; Ahmad Fadli
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Coral reefs that have been damaged so far are not utilized and only pollute the coast. Even though coral reefs are composed of calcium carbonate compounds which can be used for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite, an important mineral found in human bones. The purpose of this study was to synthesize HAp from precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) coral reef using the hydrothermal method, determine the effect of temperature on the characteristics of HAp and determine the best temperature for making HAp using the hydrothermal method. Coral PCC and (NH4)2HPO4 were reacted with an initial Ca/P ratio of 1,77 and the reaction temperature varied from 110oC, 120oC, 130oC, 140oC, 150oC, 160oC and 170oC for 14 hours. Then the crude HAp was washed using distilled water to pH 7 and dried at 110oC. The synthesized hydroxyapatite was then analyzed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Electron Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The results of the XRD analysis showed that the diffractogram peak of the synthesized HAp was similar to the standard with the best crystallinity of 82,28% at 140oC, while the smallest crystal size was 19,5 nm at 170oC. For the results of SEM-EDX analysis, the synthesized HAp has a uniform particle size with the final ratio of Ca/P at 140oC is 1,76 and at 170oC is 1,96. Based on those analysis, the hydroxyapatite synthesized from PCC coral using the hydrothermal method has the best characteristics at the reaction temperature of 140oC and has met the ISO 13779-2-2008 standard as a bone impant.Keywords: coral, hydroxyapatite, hydrothermal, PCC, temperature.
Isoterm, Termodinamika Dan Kinetika Adsorpsi Logam Cu Menggunakan Adsorben Serbuk Kulit Udang Hadi Ikrima; Yelmida A; Syamsu Herman
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Most of the shrimp shell waste consists of chitin compounds which can be converted into chitosan. The use of chitin and chitosan are mainly as chelating agents, emulsifiers and adsorbents. In this study, shrimp shell waste was used directly as an adsorbent on Cu metal, without changing the shrimp shells to chitin or chitosan. Shrimp shell waste at the initial stage was treated including washing, drying, refining, sieving and being activated using 0.5 M HCl solution. The activated shrimp shell powder was then used as an adsorbent against Cu metal, by varying the temperature (30, 40 and 50 oC) and mass of the adsorbent (2,5 ; 5,0 and 7,5 grams) . The maximum adsorption capacity occurs at a temperature of 50oC and an adsorbent mass of 7.5 grams with a capacity of 93.59%. The isotherm model of the adsorption process follows the Harkins Jura isotherm model with a R2 value of 0.9891. The kinetics of the adsorption process followed the pseudo second order kinetics with an adsorption rate constant of 0.019 and an R2 value of 0.9974. The adsorption heat capacity (ΔH) is 7.90 kJ / mol and is endothermic.Key words: adsorption, activation, shrimp shell waste, Cu metal.
Sintesis ZSM-5 Menggunakan Silika Presipitasi Dari Fly Ash Pabrik CPO Rio Saputra; Edy Saputra; Yelmida Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Wisuda April Tahun 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Palm fly ash is waste in the palm oil industry. Palm fly ash has high content of silica. ZSM-5 is one of synthetic zeolite which used as catalyst. It can be synthesized from silica and alumina using hidrothermal method. Source of silica that can be used to ZSM-5 synthesis are sodium silicate, gelled silica and precipitated silica. the purpose of this research is to synthesis ZSM-5 using precipitated silica hydrothermally. The result was analyzed using FTIR. ZSM-5 can be synthesized using precipitated silica hydrothermally. Based on infrared spectrum,the product synthesis shows four characteristic of ZSM-5 characters.Key words : fly ash, silica, hydrothermal and ZSM-5
Sintesa Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Dari Kulit Kerang Darah (Anadara Granosa Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Asam Dan Rasio CaO/HNO3 Dhini Octavianty; Amun Amri; Zultiniar Zultiniar; Yelmida Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The purpose of this research was production of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from blood cockle shell waste using carbonation method. Carbonation method that was used to synthesis PCC was modificated carbonation method by CaO as calcination result and HNO3 reaction and then flowed the CO2 gas. The learned variable was variation of the nitric acid concentration (1,5; 2; and 2,5 M) and CaO/HNO3 ratio (14:300; 17:300; 20:300 gr/ml). The highest yield of PCC was reached from the concentration of nitric acid 2 M and ratio 14 gr : 300 ml which the yield was 84,88%. From the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) characteristic result, able to know the crystal form that reached was vaterite which was reinforced from analysis result of Scanning Elcetron Microscopy (SEM) with the sphere partical.Key words: Blood cockle shell, carbonation, PCC, SEM, XRD
Perengkahan Katalitik Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Menjadi Biofuel Menggunakan Katalis Fly Ash Sawit Widya Pangestu; Yelmida Yelmida; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Palm fly ash is a solid waste from process of shell and fiber burning. Palm fly ash have many component such as potassium, sodium, and silica, that make it can to be use as a catalyst. Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is a byproduct from process of making cooking oil. PFAD potentially to used to produce biofuel with catalytic cracking process because it has a long hydrocarbons chain.  This study aims to utilize PFAD to be raw material of making biofuel with palm fly ash as a catalyst, as well as to know component of biofuel produced. This research was conducted into two stages, namely preparation of catalyst and process of cracking. Cracking reaction carried out in a stirred tank reactor at a variation of temperature 370-4300C, variation of ratio feed/catalyst 100-250:1 g. Cracking process carried out for 120 minutes. Yield maximum product obtained at a temperature of 4100 C with ratio feed/catalyst 150:1 g and catalyst dimension -60+100 mesh that is equal to 57,14 Cracking results analyzed by GC-MS and found the biofuel produced more dominant is a constituent of gasoline fuel.   Keywords : Biofuel, Fly ash Sawit, Catalytic Cracking, PFAD
Pembuatan nata de cassava dari limbah cair tapioka dengan menggunakan sumber nitrogen alami yang berbeda Cory Dian Alfarisi; Yelmida; Ida Zahrina; Anisa Mutamima
Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian Vol. 17 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Lancang Kuning

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31849/jip.v17i2.6208

Abstract

Liquid waste from processing cassava into tapioca starch is carbohydrate-rich waste and can be used as a growth medium for the Acetobacter xylinum, which is useful in producing one of the fermentation products, i.e. nata. Several factors influence the production of nata, one of them is the addition of nutrients in the form of nitrogen in the fermentation medium. The nitrogen source used is usually from inorganic fertilizers, such as urea and ammonium sulfate. In this study, fermentation of tapioca starch wastewater was developed, using a natural sources of nitrogen derived from soybean and green bean sprouts extract. Nata was made by treating various concentrations of soybean and green bean sprouts extract (3%, 4%, 5%) and fermentation time (6 days, 7 days, 8 days, 9 days and 10 days). The characteristics of the nata product were seen from the thickness and yield of the nata. The nata de cassava product's optimum results were tested for thickness, yield, and moisture content. The results showed that the best type of natural nitrogen source was soybean sprouts extract 5%, fermentation time of 10 days with a thickness of 0.55 cm, the water content of 97.58%, and yield of 63.09%
Synthesis and Characterization Nanomagnetite by Co-precipitation Rahimah Rahimah; Ahmad Fadli; Yelmida Yelmida; Nurfajriani Nurfajriani; Zakwan Zakwan
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST) Vol 2, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13995

Abstract

Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles becomes a new innovation that gets attention of biomedicine scientists. Magnetite can be applied to cancer treatment as a drug carrier because it’s good biocompatibility and very low toxicity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and retention time on the magnetite particle characteristics prepared by co-precipitation method. The first, FeCl3 and FeCl2 with 2:1 mole ratio were reacted with 10% NH4OH at 40 - 80°C temperatures during 1 – 30 minutes in a beaker glass. Subsequently, the precipitate was separated using filter paper and it dried into air oven at 100°C. The characteristic of obtained magnetite powder were determined using XRD and SEM. From XRD pattern indicates that magnetite formed at all temperatures with crystallite diameter in the range of 7-13 nm. The SEM results indicate the agglomeration of the magnetite particles with size in the range of 1.37 to 1.72 μm. In the other hand, the higher of temperature and retention time will make the agglomeration of the particles become more uniform. The increasing of temperature and the retention time will increase the magnetite crystallinity level.
Optimasi Kondisi Proses Sintesis Biodiesel Berbasis Reaksi Esterifikasi Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Dengan Katalis Cu-Hidroksiapatit Dari Limbah Tulang Ikan Muhammad Rahman; Yelmida Aziz; Panca Setia Utama
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical, and Environmental Engineering
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, UNRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (495.586 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jbchees.2.1.12-24

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel to a diesel engine that can replace or reduce the use of petroleum diesel. PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distillate) is a by-product of physical refining of crude palm oil products and is contained of free fatty acid (FFA) more than 85 wt.%. Esterification is a chemical reaction used to produce biodiesel from feedstocks with high FFA. Hydroxyapatite derived from waste fish bones has been effectively utilized as a support for preparation of the heterogeneous copper acid catalyst. The Copper- Hydroxyapatite catalyst has been prepared through wet-impregnation.This study intends to produce biodiesel with Cu- Hydroxyapatite catalyst derived from fishbone waste in esterification of PFAD and methanol. Esterification reaction parameters were varied to obtain the maximum yield of biodiesel. Optimization of esterification reaction parameters such as methanol to PFAD ratio, catalyst loading, and reaction temperature was carried out by Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD). The optimum yield obtained using regression models were found to be reaction temperature 62oC, catalyst to PFAD weight 1,82 wt.%, and PFAD to methanol molar ratio 1:8,28. The reaction under the optimum condition predicted at 92,52% of biodiesel yield.
Co-Authors ', Padil Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Adam Rafif Aldori Ade Putra Adrian, Melisa Agustiyanti, Rini Dwi Agustiyanti, Rini Dwi Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Fadli Aidil Akbar Aisyah Dewi Ranti, Aisyah Dewi Akbar, Anif Aulia Al'farisi, Cory Dian Alfarisi, Cory Alfarisi, Cory Dian Alfarizi, Cory Dian Alpina, Clara Shinta Asri Amun Amri Aras Mulyadi Ari Wibowo Harahap Audrya, Helsa Az Zahra, Alya Azriyenni Azhari Zakri Bahruddin Bahruddin Bahruddin Bintoro Bintoro Blesvid, Bloomy Caesari Caesari Cece R Chairul Chairul Chairul Chairul Chandra Marzuki Nababan Citra Arimby Dani Pradana Dedeng Hermoyo Delita, Fuji Dewi, Yuli Piana Dhini Octavianty Dian Novita Rahmawaty Dini Aulia Sari Ermal Drastinawati Drastinawati Drastinawati Drastinawati, Drastinawati Edy Saputra Elvi Yenie, Elvi EVELYN EVELYN Evelyn Evelyn Fadli, Deno Febri Fadly Sitohang Fajril Akbar Fajril Akbar Faradila, Harfiah Getra Anugrah Habib, Alltop Amri Ya Hadi Ikrima Hadrian Yonas Sebastian Napitupulu Hazzamy, Muhammad Asyaf Helda Sri Rahayu, Helda Sri Hidayat, Muhammad Ariful Holyness Nurdin Singadimedja Hotni Lamtiar Hutagaol, Nurhidayah I Gusti Bagus Wiksuana Ida Zahrina Idral Amri Ikhma Zurani Imron Sutiono Indah Sri Rahma Ningsih Indra Purnama Irdoni Irdoni Jefry Soclin Sianipar Jenial S Kamarullah, Rahmat Kayabi, Ulhunk Aulia Kendro Prasetyo Khairat, Khairat Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Luckita, Gema Kesa Lucy Rahmawati M Asyraf Hazzamy M. Gherald Erlangga Putra M. Rafi Yunanda Mahdi, Zamratul Miftah Anugrah Mohd. Rafiq Muhammad Alfin Khairullah Muhammad Ichwan Pradana Muhammad Khairil Amri Muhammad Rahman Muhammad Syafiq Izzuddin Muhammad Yahya Muhammad Yusro Annur Mukhlis Khoirudin, Mukhlis Musbar, Al Swendo Mutamima, Anisa Nurfajriani Nurfajriani Nurfatihayati Nuruzzaman Shiqhi Padil Padil Paul Destin Purba Putri M F Putri, Desi Erika Qalbi, Tiffani R, Yolanda. Rafif Sauqi Rahimah Rahimah Ramadhan Ramadhan Rianto Harpendi Rio Saputra Ristandi, Ristandi Romadona, Syahri Rozanna Sri Irianty Rozanna Sri Irianty Rozanna Sri Irianty Ryan Tito Sanredina Sanredina Saputra, Rio Saragih E Sari D. P Shinta Elystia Siahaan, Daniel Andica Silvia Reni Yenti Sisi Oktadira Kalpatari Siti Rahmalia Sri Hidayanti Sri Murda Niati Sri Rezeki Muria Suhendri Suhendri Sunarno Sunarno Syafruddin Syafruddin SYAIFUL BAHRI Syamsu Herman Syelvia Putri Utami Tanjung, Muhamad Adrian Tengku Emrinaldi Toni Arissaputra Utama, Panca Setia Utami Utami Vina Ermalinda Wahyu Lestari Wahyu, Pri Widya Pangestu Wisrayetti Wisrayetti Wisrayetti, Wisrayetti Yeni Kusumawaty Yoanni Marsha Rezki Yoga Deswan Suwary Yolanda, Yogi Yuliatmi Yuliatmi Yunus Olivia Novanto Yunus, Aulia Yusnimar Sahan Zahrina, Zahrina Zakwan Zarkasi, Shoumi Zikri, Ahmed Zuchra Helwani Zuchra Helwani, Zuchra Zultiniar ' Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar, Zultiniar Zultiniar, Zultiniar