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Pengelolaan Tanaman Bawang Merah Ramah Lingkungan dengan Pemanfaatan Biopestisida Trichoderma Abdul Manan; Nurtiati Nurtiati; Endang Mugiastuti
Jurnal SOLMA Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka (UHAMKA Press)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29405/solma.v7i2.2160

Abstract

Kelompok tani "Rukun Tani I” Desa Sumbang , Kecamatan Sumbang Kabupaten Banyumas Jawa Tengah merupakan kelompok tani yang banyak mengusahakan tanaman hortikultur. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi dalam peningkatan produksi bawang merah adalah tingginya serangan penyakit moler (Fusarium oxysporum) dan hama ulat bawang (Spodoptera exigua). Sosialisasi pengelolaan hama dan penyakit bawang merah dengan menggunakan biopestisida Trichoderma sp. perlu dilakukan. Tujuan kegiatan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani tentang hama dan penyakit bawang merah serta tindakan pengelolaannya dengan pestisida hayati berbasis Trichoderma. Permasalahan mitra diatasi dengan beberapa pemecahan teknologi, yang dilakukan dengan metode transfer teknologi melalui pendidikan, pelatihan, demplot, dan pendampingan. Kegiatan sosialisasi mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan petani tentang jenis hama dan penyakit bawang merah, pengendaliannya, dan pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan sebesar 72,98%. Sedangkan. kegiatan pelatihan perbanyakan dan aplikasi Trichoderma mampu meningkatkan kemampuan petani masing-masing sebesar 48,57 % dan 34,09 %. Aplikasi pestisida hayati Trichoderma sp. pada petak demplot mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah sebesar 7,09 % dan menurunkan intensitas hama dan penyakit sebesar 34,16 %.
KEBERADAAN BAKTERI TERBAWA LABA-LABA PADA TANAMAN CABAI DI LAHAN AGROEKOSISTEM KABUPATEN BANYUMAS, PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH Tarjoko, Tarjoko; Mugiastuti, Endang; Oktaviani, Eka; Bahrudin, Muhammad; Suroto, Agus
JURNAL AGROSAINS : Karya Kreatif dan Inovatif Vol 8 No 1 (2023): JURNAL AGROSAINS : Karya Kreatif dan Inovatif
Publisher : Universitas Islam Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31102/agrosains.2023.8.1.9-17

Abstract

Spiders are the main natural enemies (predators) for pests that attack crops. Knowledge about the relationship between Arthropods found on agricultural land and the bacteria carrying these animals, which are symbiotic, still needs to be found in Indonesia. Spiders are important biocontrol agents in agricultural land. This study examined the relationship between bacteria potentially carried by spiders, as members of the Phylum Arthropoda, in chili plants grown in agroecosystems. This study aimed to determine the presence of bacteria carried by spiders in chili planting areas of the Banyumas Regency. This study found a species of spider (Oxyopes lineatipes) collected from chili crops in 3 (three) sub-districts in Banyumas Regency. From these spiders, 5 (five) bacteria isolates were found, both from inside the body and from the surface of the spider's body. The results of the hypersensitivity test showed that 2 (two) isolates were non-pathogenic bacteria, while the other 3 (three) isolates had potential as plant pathogens. However, further research is still being carried out regarding identifying the bacterial species found.
Preservation of weeds’ pathogenic fungi in tempeh and tapioca liquid waste and its effectiveness in goatweed (Ageratum conyzoides) Soesanto, Loekas; Mugiastuti, Endang; Ragil Sastyawan, Murti Wisnu; Manan, Abdul
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.22331-41

Abstract

This research aimed to determine the best liquid media for the propagation of weed pathogenic fungi, the duration of the fungus storage on the media, and their virulence on goatweed (Ageratum conyzoides). The research consisted of two stages, i.e., the propagation of weed pathogenic fungi in alternative liquid media using a factorial completely randomized design, with the first factor being the pathogenic weed fungus (Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., and Chaetomium sp.) and the second one being the media (tempeh or tapioca liquid waste) with four replicates. Applications were carried out using a hand sprayer on the underside of weed leaves at a density of 106 conidia or cfu mL-1. Each weed was sprayed with 10 mL of the solution. Variables observed were conidia density, number of colonies, incubation period and symptoms, disease intensity, the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), plant height, number of leaves, dry crown weight, and dry root weight. The results showed that tempeh and tapioca liquid waste media could be used as alternative media for multiplying pathogenic fungi. The conidia density of Curvularia sp. was 2.375 × 109 conidia mL-1 higher than that of Fusarium sp. at 1.7 × 109 conidia mL-1 and Chaetomium sp. at 9.5×104 cfu mL-1. Curvularia sp. propagated in tempeh liquid waste was able to cause damage to the leaves of goatweed as shown successively from the incubation period of 3.33 dai or accelerating 81.50%, increasing the disease intensity of 88.78%, and the AUDPC of 713.25% days compared to control. The most effective shelf life of Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., and Chaetomium sp. in both tempeh and tapioca liquid waste media was found at six weeks at room temperature. Curvularia sp. in tapioca liquid waste could decrease weed height, the number of leaves, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight by 45.11, 28.65, 22.12, and 46.25%, respectively, compared to control.
Application of Bio P60 and Bio T10 alone or in combination to control Fusarium wilt of Hydroponic Melon Soesanto, Loekas; Nuraini, Ika Vidi; Sastyawan, Murti Wisnu Ragil; Mugiastuti, Endang; Leana, Ni Wayan Anik; Rahayuniati, Ruth Feti
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.224199-211

Abstract

The research aimed to determine the effect of single and combined applications of Bio P60 and Bio T10 in suppressing stem base rot and its effect on the growth and production of hydroponic melon. This research was conducted at Flos Hydroponic Organic at Bansari Village, Bansari District, Temanggung Regency from February to June 2023. Randomized Block Design was used with 6 replicates. The treatments were control (propamocarb hydrochloride), Bio P60, Bio T10, and a combination of Bio P60 and Bio T10 (1:1, v/v). Variables observed were incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), control effectiveness, plant length, number of leaves, fresh weight, leaf color, first flowering date, first fruit formation, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, and phenolic compounds qualitatively. The results showed that the combined treatment of Bio P60 and Bio T10 had the best effect indicated by delaying the incubation period, reducing disease intensity, reducing infection rates, reducing AUDPC values, increasing the value of control effectiveness, increasing plant length, number of leaves, plant fresh weight, leaf color, time of first flower appearance, time of fruiting, and fruit weight respectively of 31.25, 41.19, 13.33, 65.31, 55.61, 17.25, 5.57, 36.44, 11.47, 8.55, 9.63, and 22.92 % compared to control. The application of Bio P60, Bio T10, and the combination could increase the phenolic compounds (tannins, saponins, and glycosides) qualitatively in melon leaves.
Secondary Metabolites Application of Two Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates and Two Trichoderma Harzianum Isolates in Combination Against Postharvest Anthracnose in Papaya Muarifah, Mizar; Soesanto, Loekas; Sastyawan, Murti Wisnu Ragil; Mugiastuti, Endang; Farid, Noor
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 11, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v11i2.14594

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The occurrence of papaya anthracnose is a significant post-harvest ailment, necessitating the effective disease management. The aim was to determine the ability of secondary metabolites combination of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum isolates against the disease. A completely randomized design was used for in vitro experiments and a randomized block design for in vivo experiments. The treatments consisted of P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10, P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T213, P. fluorescens P32 and T. harzianum T10, P. fluorescens P32 and T. harzianum T213 secondary metabolites and fungicides (a.i. maneb). The observed variables included the pathosystem component and papaya character and organoleptic test. The in vitro test results showed that P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10 and P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T213 secondary metabolites inhibited the pathogen growth by 48.1075 and 43.4625%, respectively. The secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10 in vivo test results could delay the germination time by 12.63% and reduce the invasion area by 44.29%. All secondary metabolites had no effect on sugar content, hardness and sensory test. The combined secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens and T. harzianum are safe and does not affect papaya fruit quality.
SUPPRESSION POTENCY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM WEED PATHOGENIC FUNGI TOWARDS NARROW LEAF WEEDS, CORN, AND RICE Soesanto, Loekas; Rahma, Anida Amalia; Manan, Abdul; Mugiastuti, Endang
Jurnal Agro Wiralodra Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Agro Wiralodra
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/agrowiralodra.v5i2.84

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This research aimed to determine the effect of secondary metabolites from weed pathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum. Curvularia sp., and Chaetomium sp.) on narrow leaf weeds and on cultivated plants. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection and the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University for five months. Split plot design was used with main plot consisted of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia sp., and Chaetomium sp. and subplots consisted of Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus kyllingia, and Cynodon dactylon, and maize, and rice. The variables observed were the incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, disease area under progress curve (AUDPC), plant height, fresh plant weight, and dry plant weight. Results of the research showed that the secondary metabolites of three weed pathogenic fungi were able to infect narrow leaf weeds. From the single effect of the pathogen, the secondary metabolites of Curvularia sp. were the most virulence against narrow leaf weeds with increasing incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, and AUDPC value as 79.90, 39.91, 14.4, and 99.69 %, respectively, compared to control. The secondary metabolites decreased plant height, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight as 26.66, 65.03, and 47.23 %, respectively, compared to control. From the single effect of weeds, the most susceptible weed was Cynodon dactylon indicated by a disease intensity of 28.08 %. From the combination effect, Fusarium oxysporum on Cynodon dactylon and Curvularia sp. on Cyperus kyllingia showed the highest disease intensity, respectively, as 53.08 and 48.14 %. The secondary metabolites of three weed pathogenic fungi were not virulence to rice and corn.
Induksi ketahanan tanaman padi terhadap serangan pathogen busuk pelepah (Rhizoctonia solani) menggunakan halotoleran bakteri Diazotrof asal pantai utara Pemalang, Jawa Tengah Isnaeni, Fenty Chakimatul; mugiastuti, Endang; Leana, Ni Wayan Anik; Oktaviani, Eka; Purwanto, Purwanto
Jurnal AGRO Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/18516

Abstract

Padi merupakan komoditas pangan yang memiliki peranan terpenting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pokok masyarakat Indonesia. Ekstensifikasi produksi padi dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan lahan marjinal seperti lahan salin. Lahan salin merupakan lahan yang memiliki kadar kadar garam tinggi akibat intrusi air laut maupun tingginya laju evaporasi. Pengembangan budidaya padi di lahan salin memiliki kendala berupa serangan patogen busuk pelepah (Rhizoctonia solani). Alternatif pengendalian patogen selain menggunakan pestsida kimia, dapat dilakukan menggunakan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), seperti kelompok bakteri diazotrof. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bakteri diazotrof lahan salin dalam meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman padi serta kemampuannya dalam memacu pertumbuhan padi yang terinfeksi R. solani. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Experimental Farm dan Laboratorium Agronomi & Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian Unsoed pada bulan Oktober 2021 - Februari 2022. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan 11 perlakuan dan diulang tiga kali, meliputi kontrol tanpa inokulasi bakteri diazotrof dan inokulasi isolat Ju1, Jn3, Jn1, J, J12, J5, Kn1, A3, Jn dan K3. Semua tanaman juga dinokulasi dengan Rhizoctonia solani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi bakteri diazotrof dapat meningkatkan ketahanan padi yang terinfeksi jamur R. solani, ditandai dengan penurunan intensitas penyakit hingga 70%, peningkatan kandungan saponin, tanin dan hidrokuinon, serta peningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan panjang akar total padi.ABSTRACTRice is the most important  food commodity that supply the basic needs of the Indonesian people. The development of rice cultivation in salin land has obstacles in the form of attacks by sheat blight pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani). Alternative to controlling pathogens other than using chemical pesticides is by using Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as diazotroph bacteria. This research aimed to determine the potential of diazotrof bacteria in increasing rice resistance and its ability to stimulate the growth of rice infected with R. solani. The research was carried out at Experimental Farm and Agrohorti Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Unsoed in October 2021 - February 2022. The design used was Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 11 treatments and repeated three times, including controls without inoculation of diazotroph bacteria and inoculation of isolates Ju1, Jn3, Jn1, J, J12, J5, Kn1, A3, Jn and K3. All plants were also inoculated with R. solani. The results showed that inoculation with diazotrof bacteria could increase the rice resistance towards attack of sheath blight pathogen (R. solani) that characterized by a decrease disease intensity up to 70%, increase saponins, tannins and hydroquinones content, also increase growth of plant height and total root length of rice.
Sosialisasi Pemanfaatan Teknologi TSS (True Shallot Seed) Dalam Budidaya Bawang Merah Di Kecamatan Kutasari Kabupaten Purbalingga Manan, Abdul; Soesanto, Loekas; Mugiastuti, Endang; Rahayuniati, Ruth Feti
Jurnal SOLMA Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka (UHAMKA Press)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/solma.v13i3.16449

Abstract

Background: Budidaya bawang merah pada umumnya menggunakan umbi sebagai bibit. Umbi bibit ini memiliki banyak kekurangan sehingga efisiensinya rendah, oleh karena itu perlu digunakan teknologi bibit alternatif. True Shallot Seed merupakan benih yang dihasilkan bawang merah yang mempunyai potensi tinggi untuk digunakan sebagai materi tanam. Namun demikian, teknologi terbebut belum diadopsi petani mitra. Tujuan dari kegiatan adalah: mensosialisasi teknologi TSS dalam buidaya bawang merah, meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas produksi tanaman, serta meningkatkan pendapatan petani melalui peningkatan efisiensi usaha tani. Metode: Petani mitra peserta kegiatan adalah anggota kelompok tani “Cipta Utama” Desa Cendana Kecamatan Kutasari Kabupaten Purbalingga. Metode yang digunakan adalah alih teknologi melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan Peningkatan pengetahuan dievaluasi berdasarkan nilai pretest dan posttest, sedangkan peningkatan ketrampilan dievaluasi dengan mengamati jumlah petani yang mampu menerapkan teknologi. Hasil: Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa, terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan petani tentang potensi TSS dalam budidaya bawang merah sebesar 84,07%, serta peningkatan ketrampilan dalam pemanfaatan TSS dalam budidaya bawang merah sebesar 72,75 %. Kesimpulan: Hasil kegitan Sosialisasi pemanfaatan teknologi TSS dalam budidaya bawang merah berjalan dengan baik.
Application of Biocontrol Product Bio P60 and NASA Liquid Organic Fertilizer on The Development of Fusarium Wilt and Yield of Shallot in Planta Soesanto, Loekas; Yusup, Adi Maulana; Sastyawan, Murti Wisnu Ragil; Mugiastuti, Endang; Suharti, Woro Sri
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i1.24558

Abstract

Shallots are indispensable in all aspects of human life, and shallot production is always facing Fusarium wilt disease. Chemical control of the disease has failed, and environmentally friendly control alternatives are needed. One of them is Bio P60 biocontrol product combined with liquid organic fertilizer. Aims of the research was to assess the effectiveness of NASA liquid organic fertilizer and Bio P60 in controlling Fusarium wilt and its impact on shallot growth and yield in planta. This research was conducted in the field using polybag, for five months. Completely randomized block design was used comprising of two components with 16 treatments and 3 replicates. The variables observed were incubation period, disease intensity, AUDPC, plant height, number of leaves, number of tubers, plant wet weight, tuber wet weight, plant dry weight, and tuber dry weight. The results showed that the application of Bio P60 five times was the most excellent treatment in postponing the incubation period by 61.71%, suppressing disease incidence by 66.67%, and reducing AUDPC by 69.84%, increase growth and yield components such as plant height by 30.75%, number of leaves by 40.7%, number of bulbs by 75.6%, bulb fresh weight by 104.53%, blub dry weight by 51.1%, crop fresh weight by 48.24%, and crop dry weight by 49.77% compared to the control. The fertilizer application has no significant effect on all variables. There was no interaction between Bio P60 and NASA on all variables.
Corynespora cassiicola Causes Black Spots on Papayas Mucharomah, Kurniasih; Soesanto, Loekas; Mugiastuti, Endang
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.16.5.200-206

Abstract

Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam produksi tanaman pepaya tersebut ialah penyakit noda hitam kelabu yang menyebabkan penampilan buah kurang menarik dan akhirnya menurunkan harga jual. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi, dan menguji tingkat patogenisitas penyebab penyakit noda hitam pada pepaya varietas California. Identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi, sedangkan pengujian in vivo menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan ulangan sebanyak lima kali. Perlakuan yang dicoba ialah letak buah vertikal (pertama, kedua, ketiga, keempat, dan kelima), semua buah diinokulasi cendawan patogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gejala bercak kecil berwarna kekuningan hingga cokelat tua adalah penyakit noda hitam, yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Corynespora cassiicola. Cendawan C. cassiicola mempunyai koloni berwarna cokelat kehitaman, permukaan koloni halus dengan tepian yang rata, dan melengkung seperti beludru. Cendawan C. cassiicola memiliki konidiofor tegak, sedikit bengkok, bersepta, tunggal dan ada yang bercabang, berwarna cokelat, sedangkan konidium tunggal, sedikit bengkok, dan bersepta 2–12. Patogenisitas cendawan ini tergolong sedang. Masa inkubasi tercepat terjadi pada buah dengan letak vertikal keempat, luas serangan tertinggi pada buah dengan letak vertikal pertama, dan keparahan penyakit tertinggi ialah pada buah dengan letak vertikal pertama.