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Analysis of Sediment Characteristics and Sedimentation Rate of the Noling River, Luwu Regency Juliandro Juliandro; Muhammad Syafa'at S Kuba; Farida Gaffar; Ismail Pawara
BANDAR: JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Bandar: Journal of Civil Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Sulawesi Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31605/bjce.v7i2.5272

Abstract

The Noling River plays an important role in the lives of the surrounding communities; however, it faces sedimentation problems that lead to riverbed aggradation, infrastructure disturbances, and reduced flow capacity. This study aims to determine the sediment characteristics and the rate of sedimentation in the Noling River, Luwu Regency. Sediment samples were collected from the midstream section of the river and analyzed in the laboratory to determine grain size distribution, specific gravity, and physical characteristics of the sediment. The results show that the Noling River sediment is dominated by sand (57.4%), gravel (31.8%), and silt/clay (10.9%), with a sediment classification of sandy clay. The sedimentation rate was calculated using both direct measurement and empirical approaches (Meyer-Peter and Duboys methods). The average suspended sediment load was found to be 5,251.97 tons/month, while the bed load reached 1,102.91 tons/month. The flow velocity, which exceeds the sediment fall velocity, indicates that sediment transport occurs actively. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for better river management and future sedimentation mitigation efforts.
Scenario-Based Design-Storm Runoff Attenuation by Infiltration Wells in the Tanralili Sub-Watershed Ilham Amring; Farida Gaffar; Amrullah Mansida
Journal of Green Complex Engineering Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Gio Architect

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59810/greenplexresearch.v4i1.287

Abstract

This study evaluates design-storm surface runoff and an infiltration-well scenario for the Tanralili Sub-Watershed, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Annual rainfall records for 1997–2018 from Tanralili, Tompobulu, and Batubassi stations were used to derive regional rainfall, design rainfall with Gumbel and Log-Pearson type III distributions, and short-duration intensity using the Mononobe equation. Peak runoff was estimated with the Rational method for eight land-cover classes. The no-well scenario used an 85.35% runoff factor and the infiltration-well scenario used 27.63%; these factors were treated as scenario assumptions rather than measured field efficiencies. Summed Rational-method discharge increased from 56.90 m³ s⁻¹ for the 2-year event to 95.65 m³ s⁻¹ for the 25-year event. At the 25-year return period, scenario discharge decreased from 82.49 to 26.71 m³ s⁻¹, with the largest absolute reduction assigned to mixed dryland agriculture (23.95 m³ s⁻¹). The results identify high-leverage locations for runoff control, but engineering deployment requires reconciliation of mapped areas, land-cover-specific runoff coefficients, field infiltration measurements, and event-based hydraulic validation before the scenario can be interpreted as operational performance.
Bed-Slope Amplification of Non-Cohesive Sediment Transport under Supercritical Open-Channel Flow Fayyed Fauzi; Akhmad Fikri; Farida Gaffar; Kasmawati
Journal of Green Complex Engineering Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Gio Architect

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59810/greenplexresearch.v4i1.289

Abstract

Bed slope and discharge control the capacity of open-channel flow to mobilize sediment, yet their relative effects are often difficult to separate because bed-load transport is intermittent and empirical equations are sensitive to hydraulic context. This study quantifies the effects of bed slope and discharge on non-cohesive sand transport in a controlled tilting flume. Sand with a nominal diameter of 0.6 mm and a specific gravity of 2.71 was tested at bed slopes of 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5% under discharges of 252.92 and 391.42 cm³ s⁻¹. Three independent trials were conducted for each treatment combination, and trial means were analyzed using two-factor ANOVA on the logarithmic scale. Sediment transport increased consistently with both slope and discharge. Bed slope produced the stronger effect (p < 0.001; partial η² = 0.794), while discharge was also significant (p = 0.0086; partial η² = 0.450); their interaction was not significant. Excess bed shear stress explained 83.8% of variation among treatment means. Schoklitsch predictions were closer to measurements than the implemented Shields-based estimates, although both generally underestimated transport. The results show that modest slope changes can sharply amplify sediment mobility under supercritical flow.
Irrigation Serviceability under Seasonal Scarcity: Digital Water Balances and Canal Deterioration in Pamukkulu Nur Hikmah Amelia; Farida Gaffar; Indriyanti Azis
Journal of Green Complex Engineering Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Gio Architect

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59810/greenplexresearch.v4i1.291

Abstract

This study evaluates whether Irrigation Service Agreement (ISA) commitments remain physically deliverable under seasonal water scarcity and canal deterioration in the Pamukkulu Irrigation Area, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. A descriptive quantitative design combined farmer questionnaires, field observations, and a 72-period five-day SIPASI water-balance series across six SCADA-supported secondary-canal service units covering 2,885 ha; the September–October 2026 periods were treated as planning projections rather than realized observations. Service performance was assessed through equity, adequacy, and reliability, while principal survey proportions were summarized with Wilson 95% confidence intervals. Mean intake requirement was 4,796.8 L s−1, whereas mean available discharge was 2,380.6 L s−1, equivalent to 49.6% of requirement. The mean K factor was 0.47; full-service conditions were identified in 19 of 72 periods, while severe-deficit conditions were identified in 31 periods. For the projected 1–11 September 2026 periods, available flow covered only 1.4–2.0% of intake demand. Farmers identified leakage as the dominant loss mechanism (72.7%), secondary canals as the highest-loss segment (60.6%), and downstream shortage as the main consequence (51.5%). The results support K-triggered scarcity rules, targeted secondary-canal maintenance, and tighter operational linkage among ISA, SIPASI, SCADA, and P3A.