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Journal : Journal of Midwifery

Lymphedema in Breast Cancer Muhammad Iqbal; Wirsma Arif Harahap
Journal of Midwifery Vol 6, No 1 (2021): Published on June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jom.6.1.106-112.2021

Abstract

Forearm edema in breast cancer is caused by disruption of the axillary lymphatic system by surgery or radiotherapy, which causes fluid accumulation in the subcutaneous tissue of the arm, with decreased distensibility of the tissues around the joints and increased weight of the extremities. Risk factors with strong clinical evidence include extensive surgery (eg, axillary lymph node dissection, more dissection of lymph nodes, mastectomy) and being overweight or obese. A BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg / m2 is an independent risk factor for lymphedema associated with breast cancer. Subclinical edema and cellulitis in the literature have also been cited as risk factors for lymphedema associated with breast cancer. The mechanism underlying lymphedema is dysfunction in the lymphatic transport system. of interstitial pressure. Lymphatic fluid, known as lymph, is drained by blind-ended lymphatic capillaries. It is then filtered through the lymph nodes and eventually re-enters the circulatory system, through the thoracic duct, where peripheral venous blood enters the right atrium of the heart. Under normal conditions, the same amount is transported to the interstitial as is transported from the interstitial, a balance that is disturbed in lymphedema due to reduced lymph transport capacity, leading to fluid accumulation and swelling. Options include bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), band measurement, perometry, and water displacement. Lymphoscintigraphy, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can also be used to describe lymphatic dysfunction. Management of lymphedema associated with breast cancer conservatively with controlled and operative compression therapy with resection, microsurgery, tissue transfer and liposuction
Association of Pesticides Exposure with Breast Cancer in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia Yuniar Lestari; Rima Semiarty; Wirsma Arif Harahap
Journal of Midwifery Vol 4, No 2 (2019): Published on December 2019
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (274.571 KB) | DOI: 10.25077/jom.4.2.8-14.2019

Abstract

Breast cancer cause multifactorial, one of the risk factors is exposure of pesticides. The aim of this study was to determine association of pesticides exposure with breast cancer in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia. In this cross sectional study, the data were collected from Dr. M Djamil General Hospital Padang. Sampling technique with convenience sampling. We selected 234 patients with breast cancer diagnosed. The variables of this study included independent variable is exposure pesticides and dependent variable is breast cancer. Pesticides exposure were collected from the questionnaire of pesticides exposure that have been validated. The association was analyzed by using chi-square test and cut off point analyzed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC). A two-tailed P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Data  were  analyzed  using  the SPSS version 22.0. The results of study found that more than half of respondents (53.8%) were exposed of pesticides while less than half of respondents (46.2%) were not exposed. This study confirmed no association of pesticides exposure with breast cancer in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia
Breasts and Lymphatic Tissue ; A Literature Review Muhammad Iqbal; Wirsma Arif Harahap
Journal of Midwifery Vol 5, No 2 (2020): Published on Desember 2020
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jom.5.2.5-13.2020

Abstract

The breasts begin to grow from the sixth week of the embryo in the form of ectodermal thickening along the milk line that lies from the axilla to the middle of the groin (inguinal). The blood supply comes from the internal mammary artery, which is a branch of A. subclavian. Additional bleeding originated from A. axillary through the branches of A. thoracic lateral, A. thoraco dorsalis, and A. thoraco acromialis. The return of blood through the veins follows the passage of the artery to the internal mammary V. and the axillary vein branches to the superior V. kava. Lymph capillaries are located under the epidermis with a diameter between 20 and 70 mm. Lymphangion, as a pacemaker is limited by valves and lymphatic endothelial cells, will initiate an intrinsic pulsation of lymph fluid flow. Extrinsic factors such as contraction of the skeletal muscles, massage, increased hydrostatic pressure by postural gravity can also affect the lymphatic flow rate.5,6 These lymphatic vessels run on the lateral side of the upper arm, parallel to the cephalic vein and drain into the supraclavicular nodes. 4 The LVC is an important anatomical structure for the physiology of vascular lymph node transplantation (VLNT) .8 Lymph vessels in the upper limb travel axially from the fingers to the back of the hand and make direction to the elbow, travel to the anteromedial area at the top of the arm and connect to the axillary lymph nodes in the lateral area. An alternative route directly to the supraclavicular node can be identified. These lymphatic vessels run on the lateral side of the upper arm, parallel to the cephalic veins and drain into the supraclavicular nodes. 4 The LVC is an important anatomical structure for the physiology of vascular lymph node transplantation (VLNT) .8An alternative route directly to the supraclavicular node can be identified. These lymphatic vessels run on the lateral side of the upper arm, parallel to the cephalic veins and drain into the supraclavicular nodes. 4 An alternative route directly to the supraclavicular node can be identified. These lymphatic vessels run on the lateral side of the upper arm, parallel to the cephalic veins and drain into the supraclavicular nodes.