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Penurunan Kadar Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu Menggunakan Arang Aktif dari Pelepah Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guenensis Jacq.) : Reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Levels in Tofu Industrial Liquid Waste Using Activated Charcoal from Palm Oil (Elaeis guenensis Jacq.) Mid-ribs Khairuddin; Ruslan Ruslan; Muh.Ricky Arisandi M. Tahili; Dwi Juli Puspitasari; Indriani; Husain Sosidi; Prismawiryanti; Moh. Mirzan
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): August Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2022.v8.i2.15966

Abstract

Oil palm midribs (Elaeis guenensis Jacq.) are one of the wastes from oil palm plantations. The high carbon element composition in the palm midribs has the potential to be used as charcoal or activated carbon. Activated carbon can reduce COD levels in tofu industrial wastewater. This study aims to determine the effect of activated carbon mass and contact time on decreasing COD levels in tofu industrial wastewater. Palm midrib charcoal was activated using HCl 1N with the independent variable of activated charcoal mass (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 grams) and contact times (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes), while the dependent variable was the percentage decrease COD levels. Activated charcoal from the palm midribs was in accordance with SNI 06-3730-1995 concerning the Quality Standard of Activated Charcoal. The effect of the adsorbent mass showed that the mass increase in activated charcoal was directly proportional to the percentage decrease in COD levels in the tofu industrial wastewater, while the optimum contact time of activated charcoal was obtained at 60 minutes with a decrease in COD levels of 82.13%.
Isotermal Adsorpsi Ion Tembaga (II) Menggunakan Arang Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays L.) Teraktivasi Kalium Permanganat: Isothermal Adsorption of Copper (II) Ions Using Charcoal from Corn Cobs (Zea mays L.) Activated by Potassium Permanganate Lisma Habiba; Nov Irmawati Inda; Prismawiryanti; Husain Sosidi; Ni Ketut Sumarni; Dwi Juli Puspitasari; Moh. Mirzan; Jusman
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023): April Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2023.v9.i1.16292

Abstract

Corn cobs which generally only become waste can be processed into activated carbon and used for the absorption of heavy metals, such as copper(II) ions. This study aims to determine the morphology of corn cobs charcoal after activation, determine the isothermal adsorption model of copper (II) metal ions on corncob-activated carbon, and then determine the adsorption capacity of copper (II) metal ions on corncob-activated carbon. The morphology of the corncob-activated charcoal obtained was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Isothermal adsorption of copper (II) ions was carried out with various concentrations of copper (II) ions of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 ppm. The results of the analysis using SEM showed that the surface shape of the corncob-activated charcoal is regular and has pores with a pore diameter obtained in the range between 1.08-1.26 m and 1.38-1.59 m. The mechanism of adsorption of copper (II) ions by corncob-activated charcoal using KMnO4, following the Freundlich isothermal model with a value of R2 0.9993 with an adsorption capacity of 51 x 10-4 mmol/L. The utilization of activated carbon from corn cobs that are activated by potassium permanganate is very effective for adsorbing copper metal ion pollutants through an adsorption mechanism on the surface of activated carbon.
Pengelolaan Alat-Alat dan Bahan Kimia Laboratorium IPA SMA di MGMP Kimia Kabupaten Donggala : Pengelolaan Alat-Alat dan Bahan Kimia Laboratorium IPA SMA di MGMP Kimia Kabupaten Donggala Dwi Juli Puspitasari; husain Sosidi; prismawiryanti prismawiryanti
KAIBON ABHINAYA : JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Serang Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30656/ka.v5i2.5698

Abstract

One of the problems that often arise in the world of education is the lack of learning resources, educational facilities and their use in assisting the learning process. The teacher's lack of knowledge in the use, maintenance and storage of equipment and chemicals makes the laboratory not utilized as a learning resource. The purpose of this service is to provide knowledge and skills to chemistry teachers regarding the management of chemical equipment and materials at the chemistry MGMP in Donggala district a. Community service activities were carried out at the MGMP Chemistry SMA Donggala Regency. Service activities are carried out by understanding of the provision of material regarding the management of equipment and chemicals, then followed by material on safety and work safety in the laboratory. Furthermore, carrying out field practice in the chemical laboratory in the form of guidance and assistance in the management of chemical equipment and materials. This activity is expected to increase understanding in chemistry learning as well as an increase in teacher quality which has a positive impact on improving student achievement.
Pemanfaatan Karbon Aktif Kulit Kacang Tanah untuk Menurunkan Kadar Ion logam Ca2+ dan Mg2+ dalam Air: Utilization Peanut Shell Activated Carbon to Reduce Levels of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in Water Wilda Yanti; Husain Sosidi; Indriani; Prismawiryanti; Dwi Juli Puspitasari; Moh. Mirzan; Erwin Abdul Rahim; Nov Irmawati Inda
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023): August Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2023.v9.i2.16397

Abstract

Peanut shell has a high cellulose content as a carbon source which can be used as a basic ingredient for making activated charcoal. Research on peanut shells used as activated charcoal aims to determine the effect of contact time and pH on reducing levels of metal ions Ca2+ and Mg2+ in water. The research was conducted using contact time variables (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes) and pH (4, 5, 6, 7, and 8). Measurement of adsorbed metal levels was determined by using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The research results obtained showed that variations in contact time could reduce Ca2+ levels by 77.46% -84.89% and Mg2+ by 86.88%-88.91%. Adsorbents with variations in pH can reduce Ca2+ levels by 63.48%-88.74% and Mg2+ by 90.35%-94.49%. The best conditions for the absorption of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions were a contact time of 60 minutes and pH 4. The adsorbent was applied to reduce Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels in water with different hardness levels. The results of the analysis of water samples from two different locations had Ca2+ levels of 94.180 mg/L and 210.20 mg/L, while Mg2+ levels were 13.536 mg/L and 17.420 mg/L. The percentages of Ca2+ adsorption for the two samples were 96.19% and 77.08%, and the percentages of Mg2+ adsorption for the two samples were 21.16% and 10.63%. Carbon from peanut shells activated with sodium acetate has the potential to be used to reduce hardness in water.
Reduksi Kandungan Zat Aktif Anionik dalam Limbah Laundry dengan Memanfaatkan Kombinasi Zeolit dari Tongkol Jagung dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Reduction of Anionic Surfactant Content in Laundry Wastewater by Utilizing a Combination of Zeolite from Corn Cobs and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Nea, Sirah Diniati; Nurhaeni; Puspitasari, Dwi Juli; Prismawiryanti; Inda, Nov Irmawati; Sumarni, Ni Ketut; Ruslan
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): April Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2024.v10.i1.16982

Abstract

The increasing environmental pollution is one of the consequences of human activities that continue to expand. The environment has limitations in coping with pollutants generated by humans, such as waste from the laundry industry. This research aims to evaluate the combined effect of zeolite produced from corn cobs and the use of microorganisms capable of degrading anionic surfactants, with the goal of reducing the concentration of anionic surfactants in laundry wastewater. The methods used include adsorption using corn cobs as adsorbents and biodegradation using surfactant-degrading bacteria. Morphological observations using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicate that the produced zeolite has a crystal structure that stacks up like clumps of cubes. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that zeolite synthesized with a silica extraction ratio from corn cobs and sodium aluminate of 20:20 mL has been successfully conducted. The biodegradation process of anionic surfactants in laundry wastewater using a combination of synthesized zeolite and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria employing the Methylene Blue Alkyl Substance (MBAS) method has shown a decrease in concentration to 1.66 mg/L and degradation of 33.55%, especially in sample 3 with variations of 7.5 grams of corn cob zeolite and 15% microorganisms, during a 5-day experiment.
Fitoremediasi Air Tercemar Nikel (Ni) dan Merkuri (Hg) Menggunakan Tanaman Azolla filiculoides Lam.: Phytoremediation of Nickel and Mercury Contaminated Water Using Azolla filiculoides Lam. Rudy, Sri Utami; Harso, Wahyu; Ramadanil; Iqbal, Moh.; Prismawiryanti
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): August Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2024.v10.i2.17343

Abstract

Water pollution from settlements, agriculture, and industry is a significant issue, as it introduces pollutants like heavy metals into water bodies, harming both humans and aquatic ecosystems. Phytoremediation is a cost-effective, eco-friendly technology for reducing heavy metals in water bodies. This study aimed to assess Azolla filiculoides plants' ability to absorb heavy metals nickel and mercury. The plants were grown in a hydroponic solution contaminated with 0.25 ppm of nickel and 0.5 ppm of mercury. The growth of the plants was measured based on their wet and dry weight, and the nickel and mercury content in the plant tissue was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The study found that the growth of A. filiculoides plants was unaffected by the concentration of either nickel or mercury. The amount of nickel absorbed by the plants was 0 µg/g plant dry weight, while for mercury, it was 1654.82 µg/g. Based on the results, A. filiculoides plant is more promising for use as a phytoremediation agent for water bodies contaminated with mercury heavy metals rather than nickel heavy metals.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Komposit Mn-N-TiO2/Bentonit untuk Degradasi Polutan Organik: Synthesis and Characterization of Mn-N-TiO2/Bentonite Composite for Organic Pollutants Degradation Ruslan; Prismawiryanti; Sumarni, Ni Ketut; Ridhay, Ahmad; Riski, Mutiara Zalfa; Nurhalisa, Sitti; Marsela, Anggi
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): December Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2024.v10.i3.17502

Abstract

Research has been conducted on the synthesis and characterization of Mn-N-TiO2/Bentonite composites for the degradation of organic pollutants. This study aims to synthesize the Mn-N-TiO2/Bentonite composite as a catalyst in degrading congo red in visible light and to determine the effect of irradiation time on the effectiveness of photodegradation of congo red catalyzed Mn-N-TiO2/Bentonite. The synthesis of the Mn-N-TiO2/Bentonite composite was carried out using the sol-gel method. Characterization was carried out with UV-Vis DRS, XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX. A photocatalytic activity test on Congo red degradation was carried out using ultraviolet and visible lamps. The results of the characterization of the Mn-N-TiO2/Bentonite configuration show that the band gap energy of Mn-N- TiO2/Bentonite with a variation of 5 g has a band gap energy of 2.14 eV with anatase crystal form. In the IR spectrum, there is a shift in wave number from 1634.49 to 1433.11cm-1, there is the vibration of the NO bond, absorption below 1000 cm-1 indicates the presence of Mn-O bonds, and absorption at wave number 1049.28 cm-1 indicates the presence of ions. manganese metal trapped in the TiO2 matrix. This spectrum indicated the presence of manganese and nitrogen. These results were confirmed by the EDX instrument, which showed the presence of 0.60% Mn and 0.04% N. SEM results show that particles that are still agglomerated and have a large size, which is influenced by water vapor in the TiO2 crystal structure. The results showed that the photodegradation activity increased significantly up to 40.9075% at 30 minutes of irradiation for the Mn-N- TiO2/Bentonite composite and 20.0225% under exposure to ultraviolet light.
Penggunaan Arang Aktif Ampas Kopi untuk Menurunkan Bilangan Peroksida dan Asam Lemak Bebas (ALB) pada Minyak Goreng Bekas : Utilization of Activated Charcoal from Coffee Grounds to Reduce Peroxide Number and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) in Used Cooking Oil Prismawiryanti; Andarwati, Sophia; Syamsuddin
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023): December Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2023.v9.i3.16845

Abstract

The peroxide value and free fatty acid content influence the quality of cooking oil. Activated charcoal from coffee grounds has been used in processing used cooking oil. This research aimed to determine the ratio of coffee grounds activated charcoal adsorbent-to-used cooking oil (w/v) and the optimum contact time to reduce used cooking oil's peroxide and free fatty acid levels. The ratio of adsorbent and used cooking oil was 1:20, 1:10, and 1:5 (w/v) with contact times of 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Coffee grounds charcoal was activated by ZnCl2. A ratio of adsorbent and cooking oil 1:5 (10 g activated carbon and 50 ml cooking oil) reduced the peroxide number from 12 mek/O2 kg to 9.8 mek/O2 kg and free fatty acids from 0.972% to 0.383%. A contact time of 120 minutes could optimally reduce the peroxide number and free fatty acids from 12 mek O2/kg to 9.3 mek O2/kg and 0.972% to 0.332%, respectively. Coffee grounds have the potential to be processed into activated charcoal for refining used cooking oil.