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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Majalah Kedokteran Bandung ASPIRATOR Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Global Medical and Health Communication Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Jurnal Integrasi Kesehatan dan Sains Jurnal Riset Kedokteran Bandung Conference Series : Medical Science Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat KOPEMAS Jurnal Info Kesehatan Journal of Tropical Diseases and Health Science
Titik Respati
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Patient Safety Culture, Transformational Leadership, and Employee Safety Behavior: Evidence from A Primary Healthcare Facility in Indonesia Sessika Yunisa; Nurdin Nurdin; Titik Respati
Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology (JSRET) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Vol. 5 No. 3 2026
Publisher : Kirana Publisher (KNPub)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58526/jsret.v5i3.1226

Abstract

Patient safety in primary healthcare depends not only on formal safety procedures but also on the organizational environment and leadership that shape employees’ safety-related behavior. This study examined the relationship of patient safety culture and transformational leadership with employee safety behavior at UPTD Puskesmas Cipadung, Bandung, Indonesia. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in 2026 using total population sampling involving all 39 employees of the health center. Data were collected using structured questionnaires measuring patient safety culture, transformational leadership, and employee safety behavior on a four-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s alpha, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression. The findings showed that patient safety culture was perceived as very high (mean = 3.83), transformational leadership was very high (mean = 3.84), and employee safety behavior was very high (mean = 3.86). Incident reporting had the highest mean among the patient safety culture dimensions (3.88), while intellectual stimulation was the highest transformational leadership dimension (3.87). Employee safety behavior showed similarly high levels of safety compliance (3.86) and safety participation (3.85). Multiple linear regression showed that patient safety culture had a positive and significant effect on employee safety behavior (β = 0.620; p < 0.001), while transformational leadership also had a positive and significant effect (β = 0.516; p = 0.001). The regression model was statistically significant (F = 64.828; p < 0.001) and explained 78.3% of the variance in employee safety behavior (R² = 0.783). Patient safety culture demonstrated the stronger relative contribution, although transformational leadership also made a significant independent contribution. These findings indicate that employee safety behavior in primary healthcare is associated with both a supportive patient safety culture and transformational leadership. Strengthening safety culture through open communication, incident reporting, teamwork, organizational learning, and employee participation, together with leadership that encourages motivation and problem solving, may support the sustainability of safe practices in primary healthcare.
Co-Authors Abdulhadi, Abdulrazak Adi Imam Cahyadi Afrijal Muhammad Agam Mayzufli Agam Mayzufli, Agam Agly Adithya Agly Adithya, Agly Agustina Aisha Berliana Nugraha Aisyah Sufrie Aisyah Sufrie, Aisyah Alamsyah, Indra Fajar Alya Kamila Ramadhanty Ami Rachmi Andika Aulia Ramadhan Andriane, Yuke Anita Asmara Anwar Hidayat Ardini Raksanagara ardini raksanagara, ardini Ardini Raksanegara Ardini Saptaningsih Raksanagara Ariko Rahmat Putra Arin Nandita Asri Destriani Astuti, Ratna Dewi Indi Atia Mansoorah Budiman Budiman , Budiman Buti Azfiani Azhali Dartiwen Dartiwen Dede R Oktini Deis Hikmawati Dewi Sartika Dwi Agustian Eka Nurhayati Enggar Hestu Enggar Hestu, Enggar Engkun Sopian Indrayana Erika Maria Resi Ervan Meidan Ariatama Fahmi Arief Fajar A Yulianto Fajar A. Yulianto Fajar Awalia Yulianto Fathya Puspita Wijaya Hadyana Sukandar Hadyana Sukandar Hani Burhanudin Heni Djuhaeni Henni Djuhaeni Henni Djuhaeni Herri S. Sastramihardja Herry Garna Hilmi Sulaiman Rathomi Ieva B. Akbar Imanuel Ruku Irfan Irfan Isnawati Isnawati Isnawati, Isnawati Kusmiran, Eni Kusumahwardani, Dessiana Lelly Yuniarti Lia Faridah Lina Jamilah Lisa Adhia Garina Lu&#039;lu Ulul Albab Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Mahmudah Mahmudah Maretha Puspa Nuraili Maya Tejasari Meike Rachmawati Millatul Malihah Mochammad Rachmat Deriansyah Mohamad Satori Muhamad Iqbal Nada Nabila Ramadhani Nanan Sekarwana Nasyifa Nurul Fitriany Nevi Nurkomarasari Nevi Nurkomarasari, Nevi Nindrea, Ricvan Dana Nugraha Nugraha Nurdin Nurdin Nurul Romadhona Pahmi Firman Fauzi Pahmi Poernomo Prasetia, Ayu Purnomo Putri Anggraini Aswad Putri, Leni Yuliani Qiswatun Mukhoyyaroh R Kince Sakinah R. Kince Sakinah Raden Ganang Ibnusantosa Ragu Harming Kristina Ramadhani Ferrial Nugraha Ratih Tresnati Revan Muhammad Ridad Agoes Rizky Ramdhani Rizky Ramdhani, Rizky Romadhona, Nurul Rosady, Dony Septriana Roy Rillera Marzo Rudiansyah Rudiansyah Sadeli Masria Salma Nur Fauziah Sessika Yunisa Setyo Dwi Widyastuti Siprianus Singga Siska Nia Irasanti Sofyan, Asep Sri Yusnita Irda Sari Sunarjati Sudigdoadi Susan Fitriyana Sutisna, Ade Jaya Tony S. Djajakusumah Tri Wahyuni Usep Abdullah Husin Vinda Maharani Patricia Vira Annisa Fitriyani Vira Annisa Fitriyani Wanti Wanti Wanti Wanti Wawang S. Sukarya Wida Purbaningsih Widia Nurul Aidah Yani Triyani Yudi Feriandi Yuktiana Kharisma Yusrawati Yusrawati Yusup Junaedi Zulfi Noor Fadia Zulfi Noor Fadia