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All Journal Medula JK Unila (Jurnal Kedokteran Universitas Lampung) Essential: Essence of Scientific Medical Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Raflesia
Giska Tri Putri
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Fotokimia dan Farmakologi Daun Alpukat (Persea americana mill.) pada Aktivitas Antihipertensi Husnandari, Aqila; Carolia, Novita; Putri, Giska Tri; Rahmanisa, Soraya
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1246

Abstract

Hypertension is the number one generative disease in the world that has blood pressure of more than 140/90 mmHg. Hypertension without therapy will become chronic and complicated. Therapy carried out for a long period of time causes a fairly high risk factor so that herbal therapy becomes an alternative. This literature review aims to determine the photochemistry and pharmacology of avocado leaves (Persea americana mill.) On antihypertensive activity. Photochemistry contained in avocado leaves can lower blood pressure in the form of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids. The method used is to review journal articles that have been published in Google Scholar and Pubmed. Using keywords such as "photochemistry, pharmacology, avocado leaves, and antihypertensive activity" 231 scientific articles and journals were obtained. This review article uses 10 selected scientific articles and journals. Experimental studies show that there are pharmacological functions that fight hypertension, which means that they can lower blood pressure.
Skrining Fitokimia Kualitatif Ekstrak Etanol 96% dan H-Heksana Kulit Batang Bakau Lindur (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) Ismunanto, Aziza Regina Kinasih; Kurniawati, Evi; Putri, Giska Tri; Susianti, Susianti
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1253

Abstract

Lindur mangrove plants (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds which function as antibacterials. These secondary metabolite compounds include alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, terpenoids and steroids. The design of this research was experimental, carried out to determine and compare the phytochemical components contained in 96% ethanol extract and n-hexane of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza mangrove bark. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza mangrove bark was taken at KPH Gunung Balak, East Lampung, then 4.5 kg of wet mangrove bark was obtained and dried for 7 days, then the extract was made using the maceration method for 3x24 hours using 2 types of solvents, namely 96% ethanol and n-hexane with a ratio of 1:10 between simplicia and solvent. Thick extracts were obtained from the two types of solvents which were then carried out qualitative phytochemical tests.  The results of this study showed that 96% ethanol extract and n-hexane of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza mangrove bark positively contained secondary metabolite compounds. The 96% ethanol extract of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza mangrove bark contains all types of secondary metabolite compounds, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, terpenoids and steroids, while the n-hexane extract contains secondary metabolite compounds, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, steroid but does not contain saponins. The conclusion of this research is that the 96% ethanol extract of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza mangrove bark contains more secondary metabolite compounds than the n-hexane extract of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza mangrove bark.
Analysis of Malathion Insecticide Resistance in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Using the CDC Bottle Bioassay Method Kirche, Agnes Angelina; Kurniawan, Betta; Putri, Giska Tri; Mutiara, Hanna
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1376

Abstract

Dengue is an infectious disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which breeds rapidly in Indonesia's tropical environment, increasing the risk of spreading this disease. Vector control using malathion insecticide can be effective, but repeated use and inappropriate dosage can cause resistance in mosquitoes which ultimately increases the risk of dengue infection. CDC Bottle Bioassay is a test method for evaluating mosquito resistance to insecticides with a standardized procedure and is carried out using bottles containing insecticides with different diagnostic doses. Research using this method shows that Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in various locations show resistance to malathion at certain doses and tolerance at other doses. Several studies have also shown that mosquitoes exposed to malathion show categories of resistance or tolerance based on the mortality rate recorded during the test. Malathion, which is a class of organophosphorus insecticides, works by irreversibly binding to acetylcholinesterase and effectively kills mosquitoes, but repeated use can trigger resistance. Factors influencing resistance include biological factors such as migration, operational factors such as insecticide dosage and application, as well as genetic factors associated with the resistant allele. If mosquitoes carrying resistant alleles move or interbreed, this can increase the resistance status in an area, which is seen in Aedes aegypti populations in several regions of the world.
Tinjauan Pustaka: Pengaruh Hipertensi Kronis pada Ibu Hamil terhadap Kejadian Preeklampsia Putri, Morica Angellia Shyama; Kurniati, Intanri; Putri, Giska Tri; Kurniawati, Evi
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1458

Abstract

Chronic hypertension in pregnant women is a medical condition that can significantly affect maternal and fetal health. Chronic hypertension is defined as high blood pressure that has been present before pregnancy or diagnosed before 20 weeks of gestation. Risk factors that affect this condition include older maternal age, obesity, family history of hypertension, and an unhealthy lifestyle. The pathophysiology of chronic hypertension that progresses to preeclampsia involves endothelial dysfunction, which causes vasoconstriction and decreased placental perfusion, leading to placental hypoxia and increased oxidative stress, which further triggers activation of systemic inflammatory pathways causing damage to target organs such as the kidneys (proteinuria) and liver (elevated liver enzymes). The prevalence of chronic hypertension in pregnant women in Indonesia is quite high. According to data from the Lampung Provincial Health Office in 2018, hypertension in pregnancy caused 15.16% of maternal deaths. In addition, data from Riskesdas 2018 shows that the prevalence of hypertension in pregnant women in Indonesia is 6.18%, with the highest prevalence in West Java Province at 10.57%. The purpose of this article is to provide a better understanding of the effect of chronic hypertension in pregnant women on the incidence of preeclampsia. This article will discuss the association of chronic hypertension with the risk and underlying mechanisms of preeclampsia.
Gagal Jantung pada Penyakit Jantung Bawaan Nabila, Nurahma; Putri, Giska Tri
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1461

Abstract

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common causes of death due to malformations during the embryonic organogenesis process. The survival rate of patients with this disease has increased due to advancements in therapeutic options. Although the success of surgical and medical management of congenital heart disease (CHD) has been very successful, some patients still have hemodynamic abnormalities that lead to long-term cardiovascular complications. One of the complications that causes death in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is heart failure. Heart failure in children with congenital heart disease has a 20-fold risk of death, while heart failure in adults has a 25% incidence in patients with congenital heart disease at the age of 30, and this risk increases with age. Because this condition can cause disorders such as growth and cognitive failure, but can also be associated with circulatory, neurohormonal, and molecular abnormalities. The challenge in addressing the risk of morbidity and mortality is related to the limited knowledge regarding the causes of congenital heart disease (CHD), and current evidence suggests etiologi such as unclear factors, including the environment and lifestyle of parents, as well as genetics passed down to the child. This review discusses the causes, epidemiology, and manifestations of heart failure in children and adults with congenital heart disease. The purpose of this review is to understand the epidemiology, classification, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and management of heart failure in patients with congenital heart disease.
LOW BACK PAIN: Literature Review Shafia, Anindya; Ismunandar, Helmi; Putri, Giska Tri; Saftarina, Fitria
Medula Vol 15 No 2 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i2.1631

Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems and a leading cause of disability and global productivity loss. This condition can be either acute or chronic and is caused by various factors, including mechanical, radicular, and nociplastic components. The complexity of its etiology and the variability of treatment responses necessitate a comprehensive and multidimensional approach. This study is a literature review that examines scientific articles obtained from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The articles reviewed were published between 2015-2025 and discussed aspects of  definition, epidemiology, classification, diagnosis, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of LBP. The review found that LBP has a high global prevalence, particularly among the productive age group and the elderly. Risk factors include biomechanical, psychosocial, and lifestyle aspects. Management of LBP involves pharmacological treatments (NSAIDs, tramadol, duloxetine) and non-pharmacological approaches (physical exercise, education, multidisciplinary rehabilitation). LBP is a complex public health issue with significant economic and social burdens. Effective management strategies require a biopsychosocial approach, appropriate use of screening tools, and multifactorial interventions tailored to the type and phase of pain. Prevention through education and physical activity has also proven effective in reducing the risk of LBP occurrence.
PENATALAKSANAAN PADA NY. I USIA 54 TAHUN DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DAN DISLIPIDEMIA MELALUI PENDEKATAN KEDOKTERAN KELUARGA DI PUSKESMAS GEDONG TATAAN Utami, Nabila Rachmadita; Aliffia Bingga, Isvi; Saftarina, Fitria; Putri, Giska Tri
Medula Vol 15 No 3 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i3.1155

Abstract

Diseases in Indonesia can generally be divided into communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases. Based on Riskesdas data, the number of DM suffers in Indonesia is increasing every year. In Indonesia, the prevalence of dislipidemia increase to 15.5% in the 55-64 year age group. Of these, 80% of patients died suddenly due to a heart attack, and 20% showed no symptoms. Patients must know about their disease and have awareness and motivation to make lifestyle modifications so that treatment goals can be achieved, so management is needed through a family approach. Application of evidence-based medicine-based family doctor services to patients by identifying risk factors, clinical problems, and patient management based on the patient's problem-solving framework with a patient centered approach and a family approach. This study is a case report. Primary data were obtained through anamnesis, physical examination and home visits to assess the physical environment. Secondary data were obtained from patient medical records. Assessments are based on a holistic diagnosis from the start, process, and end of the study in a qualitative and quantitative manner. Mrs. I, 54 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia, was worried that his complaints would get worse and not improve. Limited knowledge about the patient's health condition in the form of causative factors, prevention of type 2 DM and dyslipidemia, foods that need to be avoided and the lack of motivation and encouragement from families to bring patients for routine health control are factors that cause problems that occur in patients and families. Holistic and comprehensive management of the problems patient named as Mrs. I  has been carried out by providing counseling to increase the knowledge of patients and their families.
Co-Authors Adha Nurhaniefah, Azmi Agustyas Tjiptaningrum Aliffia Bingga, Isvi Alvan Muhammad Hibatullah Santoso Attila Firjatullah, Muhammad Daffa Betta Kurniawan, Betta Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis Wardani Ety Apriliana Evi Kurniawati, Evi Febri Nadyanti Fitria Saftarina Hanna Mutiara Hanna Mutiara, Hanna Helmi Ismunandar Husnandari, Aqila Ildha Rosendy Kurnianda Intanri Kurniati Ismunanto, Aziza Regina Kinasih Jasmine, Almaina Puteri Jhons Fatriyadi Suwandi Kirche, Agnes Angelina M Yusran Mesensy, Natasya Nabila, Nurahma Novita Carolia Puji Indah Permatasari Putri, Morica Angellia Shyama Ramadhan, Muhammad Alif Rani Himayani Rodiani Salma Khairunnisa Hero Shafia, Anindya Soraya Rahmanisa Susianti, Susianti Syazili Mustofa Utami, Nabila Rachmadita Wisnugroho, Cahyo