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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology EUGENIA AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Agro Planta Tropika Jurnal Terapan Abdimas JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal SOLMA Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Journal of Tropical Horticulture Jurnal Agro Wiralodra Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service) Matriks

Loekas Soesanto

Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto

Author-ID : 384192

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Environmental Science Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Social Sciences Other

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Uji Viabilitas dan Virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi Isolat Boyolali dan Temanggung Setelah Disimpan Tujuh Belas Tahun dalam Tanah Steril Soesanto, Loekas; Fakhiroh, Zaqiatul; Suharti, Woro Sri
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 18 No 2 (2022): Maret 2022
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.18.2.91-99

Viabilitas dan Virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi Asal Boyolali dan Temanggung Setelah Disimpan Tujuh Belas Tahun di Dalam Tanah Steril Fusarium oxysporum f. sp zingiberi merupakan cendawan penyebab busuk rimpang pada jahe. Patogen ini dapat bertahan di tanah selama bertahun-tahun tanpa tanaman inang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji viabilitas dan virulensi 21 galur F. oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi setelah disimpan tujuh belas tahun di dalam tanah steril. Variabel yang diamati adalah warna dan diameter koloni, bentuk makrokonidium dan mikrokonidium, waktu pertumbuhan, berat kering miselium, kepadatan konidium, masa inkubasi, luas serangan pada rimpang, selisih bobot basah rimpang, dan indeks sampah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua galur F. oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi asal Temanggung dan Boyolali yang disimpan di tanah steril selama 17 tahun mampu tumbuh baik pada medium PDA dan mengisi penuh cawan petri antara 11–36 hari. Selain itu, semua galur menyebabkan gejala penyakit pada rimpang jahe var. Gajah. Isolat dengan tingkat virulensi yang rendah ditandai oleh masa inkubasi yang panjang (6–12 hari setelah inokulasi) dan luas area rimpang terserang yang terkecil.

Aplication of Trichoderma harzianum T10 Secondary Metabolites in Effervescent Tablets Formula towards Cucumber Damping-off Ismi, Sinta Fajriatul; Soesanto, Loekas; Mugiastuti , Endang
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 18 No 4 (2022): Juli 2022
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.18.4.177-186

Pembuatan formula metabolit sekunder cendawan antagonis dalam tablet larut-air (TLA) merupakan hal baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan meramu metabolit sekunder Trichoderma harzianum T10 sebagai TLA untuk menekan pertumbuhan Pythium sp. secara in vitro dan pengendalian penyakit rebah semai mentimun di lapangan terbatas. Penelitian menggunakan kontrol dan 1–3 tablet per 15 mL, serta metabolit sekunder Trichoderma harzianum T10 per 15 mL dengan frekuensi penyiraman dari satu sampai empat kali. Variabel yang diamati ialah penghambatan pertumbuhan, masa inkubasi, insidensi penyakit, area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot segar dan kering tanaman, serta senyawa fenol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metabolit sekunder T. harzianum T10 dalam formula TLA dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Pythium sp. secara in vitro. Aplikasi metabolit sekunder T. harzianum T10 dalam formula TLA satu kali mampu mengendalikan penyakit rebah semai dengan menunda masa inkubasi sebesar 76.9%, mengurangi insidensi penyakit sebesar 85%, dan menurunkan AUDPC sebesar 85.35%-hari; meningkatkan pertumbuhan dari tinggi tanaman hingga 54.53%, jumlah daun sebesar 51.04%, bobot kering tanaman sebesar 49.46%, serta meningkatkan senyawa metabolit sekunder tanaman (saponin, tanin, dan hidrokuinon).

Preservation of weeds’ pathogenic fungi in tempeh and tapioca liquid waste and its effectiveness in goatweed (Ageratum conyzoides) Soesanto, Loekas; Mugiastuti, Endang; Ragil Sastyawan, Murti Wisnu; Manan, Abdul
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 23 No. 2 (2023): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.22331-41

This research aimed to determine the best liquid media for the propagation of weed pathogenic fungi, the duration of the fungus storage on the media, and their virulence on goatweed (Ageratum conyzoides). The research consisted of two stages, i.e., the propagation of weed pathogenic fungi in alternative liquid media using a factorial completely randomized design, with the first factor being the pathogenic weed fungus (Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., and Chaetomium sp.) and the second one being the media (tempeh or tapioca liquid waste) with four replicates. Applications were carried out using a hand sprayer on the underside of weed leaves at a density of 106 conidia or cfu mL-1. Each weed was sprayed with 10 mL of the solution. Variables observed were conidia density, number of colonies, incubation period and symptoms, disease intensity, the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), plant height, number of leaves, dry crown weight, and dry root weight. The results showed that tempeh and tapioca liquid waste media could be used as alternative media for multiplying pathogenic fungi. The conidia density of Curvularia sp. was 2.375 × 109 conidia mL-1 higher than that of Fusarium sp. at 1.7 × 109 conidia mL-1 and Chaetomium sp. at 9.5×104 cfu mL-1. Curvularia sp. propagated in tempeh liquid waste was able to cause damage to the leaves of goatweed as shown successively from the incubation period of 3.33 dai or accelerating 81.50%, increasing the disease intensity of 88.78%, and the AUDPC of 713.25% days compared to control. The most effective shelf life of Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., and Chaetomium sp. in both tempeh and tapioca liquid waste media was found at six weeks at room temperature. Curvularia sp. in tapioca liquid waste could decrease weed height, the number of leaves, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight by 45.11, 28.65, 22.12, and 46.25%, respectively, compared to control.

Application of Bio P60 and Bio T10 alone or in combination to control Fusarium wilt of Hydroponic Melon Soesanto, Loekas; Nuraini, Ika Vidi; Sastyawan, Murti Wisnu Ragil; Mugiastuti, Endang; Leana, Ni Wayan Anik; Rahayuniati, Ruth Feti
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.224199-211

The research aimed to determine the effect of single and combined applications of Bio P60 and Bio T10 in suppressing stem base rot and its effect on the growth and production of hydroponic melon. This research was conducted at Flos Hydroponic Organic at Bansari Village, Bansari District, Temanggung Regency from February to June 2023. Randomized Block Design was used with 6 replicates. The treatments were control (propamocarb hydrochloride), Bio P60, Bio T10, and a combination of Bio P60 and Bio T10 (1:1, v/v). Variables observed were incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), control effectiveness, plant length, number of leaves, fresh weight, leaf color, first flowering date, first fruit formation, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, and phenolic compounds qualitatively. The results showed that the combined treatment of Bio P60 and Bio T10 had the best effect indicated by delaying the incubation period, reducing disease intensity, reducing infection rates, reducing AUDPC values, increasing the value of control effectiveness, increasing plant length, number of leaves, plant fresh weight, leaf color, time of first flower appearance, time of fruiting, and fruit weight respectively of 31.25, 41.19, 13.33, 65.31, 55.61, 17.25, 5.57, 36.44, 11.47, 8.55, 9.63, and 22.92 % compared to control. The application of Bio P60, Bio T10, and the combination could increase the phenolic compounds (tannins, saponins, and glycosides) qualitatively in melon leaves.

The Effect of Various pH Medium on the Secondary Metabollites Production from Trichoderma harzianum T10 to Control Damping Off on Cucumber Seedlings Chalimah, Nur; Soesanto, Loekas; Suharti, Woro Sri
Journal of Tropical Horticulture Vol 3, No 2 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : Yayasan Pertanian Tropika Indonesia (YPTI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33089/jthort.v3i2.52

Damping-off is one of the main diseases in cucumber seedlings caused by Pythium sp. Secondary metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum T10 can conduct the control of the disease. The pH of the medium influences the production of secondary metabolites. The research aimed to determine the effective pH medium on production of T. harzianum T10 secondary metabolites, and the effect of the T. harzianum T10 secondary metabolites application in damping-off disease control also to the growth of cucumber seedling. The research was consist of two steps; 1) in vitro assay with various pH levels 5; 3; 3.5; 4; 4.5; 5.5; 6; 6.5; and 7, 2) In planta treatments consisted of control, fungicide (Mancozeb), secondary metabolites in pH 5 and 5.5 with the concentration of 5, 10 and 15% each. The research showed that: 1) the effective pH medium for the production of T. harzianum T10 secondary metabolites was 5 and 5.5. 2) application of the T. harzianum T10 secondary metabolites on pH 5 and 5.5 with a concentration of 5, 10, and 15% could decrease the disease incidence and support cucumber seedling growth.

Application of Bio P60 and Bio T10 Alone or in Combination Against Stem Rot of Pakcoy Soesanto, Loekas; Hiban, Atsil; Suharti, Woro Sri
Journal of Tropical Horticulture Vol 2, No 2 (2019): October 2019
Publisher : Yayasan Pertanian Tropika Indonesia (YPTI)

Application of Bio P60 and Bio T10 alone or in combination in suppressing stem rot of pakcoy and on pakcoy growth has been demonstrated. The research was carried out at the Plant Protection Laboratory and Screen House, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University. A split-plot design was used with application time (before and after inoculation of Sclerotium rolfsii) as main plot and Bio P60, Bio T10, and Bio P60 + Bio T10) as sub-plot. Observed variables were incubation period, disease intensity, crop height, number of leaves, and crop fresh weight. Results of the research showed that single and combined application of Bio T10 and Bio P60 did not differ in the suppression of stem-end rot in pakcoy. The combination of Bio T10 + Bio P60 was able to control the disease by delaying the incubation period and suppressing the disease intensity respectively by 37.48-39.16% and 54.77-6191% compared to controls. Combined Bio T10 + Bio P60 was able to improve plant height, number of leaves, and fresh weight of plants as 29.99-46.62, 24.39-35.07, and 71,17%, respectively, compared to controls. The results of this study suggest that the raw secondary metabolites of Bio P60 and Bio T10 either alone or in combination could be applied for the prevention or treatment of the diseases in pakcoy.

Selection, Isolation, and Identification of Entomopathogenic Bacteria and fungi against Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith in Maize Soesanto, Loekas; Anik Leana, Ni Wayan; Suroto, Agus
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 11 No 2 (2024): International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2024.v11.i02.p01

Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most devastation pests of maize. The control of S. frugiperda so far relies on synthetic pesticides, which can cause deleterious effects on the environments, especially when the insects start to exhibit resistance. The use of entomopathogenic bacteria and/or fungi could provide environmentally friendly alternatives in controlling S. frugiperda. Selections were started by collecting dead S. frugiperda larvae from several locations. These specimens were placed in PDA and NA media. The isolated bacteria and fungi were purified and individually tested on S. frugiperda larvae to determine the rates of mortality and feed consumption. This study employed a complete randomized design and trials were repeated three times. Results showed that Lia and Lib bacterial isolates produce mortality rates of 50% and 23.33%, respectively, on S. frugiperda larvae. Fungal isolates P1, P2, K2, and K3 produced mortality rates on S. frugiperda larvae in the range of 10-16.67%. The highest reduction of feed consumption was produced by K3 isolate at 34.16%. Lia, Lib, P1, P2, and K2 isolates decreased feed consumption at 14.77%, 26.87%, 24.02%, 33.18, and 31.14%, respectively. Molecular identifications showed that Lia and Lib isolates were Aeromonas hydrophila strain DUCC5728HX-3 and Acinetobacter soli strain GFJ2, respectively. This is the first report on entomopathogenic bacteria on S. fruguperda larvae. Fungal isolates K2, K3, P1, and P2 were identified to be Penicillium citrinum strain DUCC5728, Metarhizium rileyi strain 936, and Aspergillus flavus strain KU20018.4, respectively.

BIMBINGAN TEKNIS PEMBUATAN PESTISIDA ORGANIK UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT TANAMAN SAYUR DATARAN TINGGI RAMAH LINGKUNGAN Sumarni, Eni; Soesanto, Loekas; Herliana, Okti; Leana, Ni Wayan Anik; Zulkifli, Lutfi; Priswanto, Priswanto; Purnomo, Widhiatmoko Herry
Jurnal Terapan Abdimas Vol 9, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/jta.v9i1.14563

Abstract. Secondary metabolites are organic compounds by-products of organisms metabolism. The use of antagonistic microbial secondary metabolites has been applied and can control several plant diseases. However, the socialization of antagonistic microbial secondary metabolites and their production among farmers has not been carried out. The aim of the activity was to increase farmers' knowledge about safe and environmentally friendly control of vegetable plant diseases, farmers' skills in effective, efficient, environmentally friendly plant disease control, the quantity and quality of crop production, and farmers' income through increasing farming efficiency. The target of this activity is the Rahayu Makmur Farmer Group Association (Gapoktan), Bansari District, Temanggung Regency. Gapoktan Rahayu Makmur, which consists of 21 farmer groups, is a highland horticultural crop farmer. Transfer of environmentally friendly plant disease management technology is carried out through education in the form of providing materials and discussions and practice. Technical guidance activities are able to increase farmers' knowledge regarding the manufacture of organic pesticides and the independence of farmers to produce organic pesticides. This is evidenced by the follow-up of two farmer groups who practice the manufacture of organic pesticides after the guidance. Abstrak. Metabolit sekunder merupakan senyawa organik hasil samping dari metabolisme organisme. Metabolit sekunder mikroba antagonis sudah diaplikasikan dan dapat mengendalikan beberapa penyakit tanaman. Akan tetapi, sosialisasi tentang metabolit sekunder mikroba antagonis dan pembuatannya di kalangan petani belum dilakukan, sehingga perlu diadakan bimbingan teknis (Bimtek) pembuatan pestisida organik berbasis metabolit sekunder mikroba antagonis untuk mengendalikan penyakit tanaman. Tujuan kegiatan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan petani tentang pengendalian penyakit tanaman sayur aman dan ramah lingkungan, ketrampilan petani tentang pengendalian penyakit tanaman yang efektif, efisien, ramah lingkungan, kuantitas dan kualitas produksi tanaman, serta pendapatan petani melalui peningkatan efisiensi usahatani. Sasaran kegiatan adalah Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan) Rahayu Makmur, Kecamatan Bansari, Kabupaten Temanggung. Gapoktan Rahayu Makmur yang terdiri dari 21 kelompok tani merupakan petani tanaman hortikultura dataran tinggi. Transfer teknologi pengelolaan penyakit tanaman ramah lingkungan dilakukan melalui pendidikan berupa pemberian materi dan diskusi serta praktik pembuatan. Kegiatan Bimtek mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan petani mengenai pembuatan pestisida organik. Selain peningkatan pengetahuan petani, Bimtek juga meningkatkan kemandirian petani untuk memproduksi pestisida organik. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya tindak lanjut dari dua kelompok tani yang mempraktekkan pembuatan pestisida organik berbasis metabolit sekunder pasca Bimtek. Pestisida organik berbasis metabolit sekunder tersebut mereka gunakan untuk mengendalikan hama penyakit pada tanaman yang dibudidayakan.

Secondary Metabolites Application of Two Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates and Two Trichoderma Harzianum Isolates in Combination Against Postharvest Anthracnose in Papaya Muarifah, Mizar; Soesanto, Loekas; Sastyawan, Murti Wisnu Ragil; Mugiastuti, Endang; Farid, Noor
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 11, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v11i2.14594

The occurrence of papaya anthracnose is a significant post-harvest ailment, necessitating the effective disease management. The aim was to determine the ability of secondary metabolites combination of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum isolates against the disease. A completely randomized design was used for in vitro experiments and a randomized block design for in vivo experiments. The treatments consisted of P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10, P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T213, P. fluorescens P32 and T. harzianum T10, P. fluorescens P32 and T. harzianum T213 secondary metabolites and fungicides (a.i. maneb). The observed variables included the pathosystem component and papaya character and organoleptic test. The in vitro test results showed that P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10 and P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T213 secondary metabolites inhibited the pathogen growth by 48.1075 and 43.4625%, respectively. The secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens P60 and T. harzianum T10 in vivo test results could delay the germination time by 12.63% and reduce the invasion area by 44.29%. All secondary metabolites had no effect on sugar content, hardness and sensory test. The combined secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens and T. harzianum are safe and does not affect papaya fruit quality.

SUPPRESSION POTENCY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM WEED PATHOGENIC FUNGI TOWARDS NARROW LEAF WEEDS, CORN, AND RICE Soesanto, Loekas; Rahma, Anida Amalia; Manan, Abdul; Mugiastuti, Endang
Jurnal Agro Wiralodra Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Agro Wiralodra
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/agrowiralodra.v5i2.84

This research aimed to determine the effect of secondary metabolites from weed pathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum. Curvularia sp., and Chaetomium sp.) on narrow leaf weeds and on cultivated plants. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection and the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University for five months. Split plot design was used with main plot consisted of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia sp., and Chaetomium sp. and subplots consisted of Imperata cylindrica, Cyperus kyllingia, and Cynodon dactylon, and maize, and rice. The variables observed were the incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, disease area under progress curve (AUDPC), plant height, fresh plant weight, and dry plant weight. Results of the research showed that the secondary metabolites of three weed pathogenic fungi were able to infect narrow leaf weeds. From the single effect of the pathogen, the secondary metabolites of Curvularia sp. were the most virulence against narrow leaf weeds with increasing incubation period, disease intensity, infection rate, and AUDPC value as 79.90, 39.91, 14.4, and 99.69 %, respectively, compared to control. The secondary metabolites decreased plant height, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight as 26.66, 65.03, and 47.23 %, respectively, compared to control. From the single effect of weeds, the most susceptible weed was Cynodon dactylon indicated by a disease intensity of 28.08 %. From the combination effect, Fusarium oxysporum on Cynodon dactylon and Curvularia sp. on Cyperus kyllingia showed the highest disease intensity, respectively, as 53.08 and 48.14 %. The secondary metabolites of three weed pathogenic fungi were not virulence to rice and corn.

Co-Authors . Kustantinah Abdul Manan Aenul Latifah Agus Suyanto Ajeng Faizah Nijma Ilma, Ajeng Faizah Nijma Anik Leana, Ni Wayan Budiyoko, Budiyoko Chalimah, Nur DARINI SRI UTAMI Dwimartina, Fina Endang Mugiastuti Eni Sumarni Ersapoetri, Fida Suci Fakhiroh, Zaqiatul Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh Hiban, Atsil Hidayat, Fitrian Ilahiyyah, Hidayatul Ismi, Sinta Fajriatul Khoeruriza, Khoeruriza Kustam, Kustam Leana, Ni Wayan Anik Muarifah, Mizar Mucharomah, Kurniasih Mugiastuti , Endang Muljo Wachjadi Murti Wisnu Ragil SASTYAWAN Noor Farid Nur Prihatiningsih Nur, Subandi Nuraini, Ika Vidi Okti Herliana, Okti Pradiptha, Clarissa Nadya Prastyani, Noviana Primayuri, Deviana Priswanto Priswanto, Priswanto Purnomo, Widhiatmoko Herry Rahma, Anida Amalia Rokhlani, Rokhlani Rostaman Ruth Feti Rahayuniati Sari, Lintang Yunita Sastyawan, Murti Wisnu Ragil Siti Helmyati SLAMET ROHADI Sundari, Dini Suroto, Agus Woro Sri Suharti Yusup Ziaulhak, Dede Yusup, Adi Maulana Zulkifli, Lutfi

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