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PNI Political Strategy to Win the 1955 Election in Indonesia Agustina Wilujeng Pramestuti; Yety Rochwulaningsih; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 6, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v6i1.14043

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This article aims to reveal the reason and how the Indonesian Nationalist Party (PNI) succeeded in becoming the winning party of the General Election (Pemilu) in Indonesia in 1955 by gaining the most votes as many as 8,434,653 votes, followed by the Indonesian Muslim Shura Council Party (Masyumi) of 7,903,886 votes and Nahdlatul Ulama Party (NU) of 6,955,141 votes. The 1955 election was the first direct election in Indonesia to be the most democratic in history since the campaign did not only take place in big cities, but had reached villages and even remote villages. The atmosphere of contestation was very strong, but it was not accompanied by a violent conflict even though the contestation was from political parties with very different ideological backgrounds. In this context, the political strategy pursued by the PNI is very interesting, that is by consolidating politics both internally and externally. To examine the problems, historical methods were used in which data were excavated from primary sources including news and articles in newspapers and magazines, as well as minutes of parliamentary meetings regarding the Election. The results of the analysis showed that the PNI performed politics consolidation through cooperation with various groups and political parties of any ideology. In addition, the PNI also adopted the conception of Sukarno's thinking to mobilize supporters, including through meetings, open meetings attended by the people by presenting prominent nationalist figures as their orators. The issues raised in the campaign had distinctive characteristics of nationalism, citizenship, and mutual cooperation.
Perkembangan Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Kejawanan dan Kontribusinya terhadap Pemberdayaan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Nelayan Kota Cirebon, 1994-2011 Juhaeriyah Juhaeriyah; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono; Alamsyah Alamsyah
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 2, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (297.683 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v2i2.4154

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This article aims to analyze the development of the Fishing Port and its contribution to the economic life of fishing communities at Cirebon in 1994-2011. The Fisheries Port of the Surgeon was built in 1994 and began operating in 1997 with trial status. Then in 1999, the Cirebon fishing port status changed to the Nusantara Fisheries Port (PPN). PPN equipped with basic, functional, and supporting facilities that aim to support port activities. The basic facilities available in PPN Vocational consist of trapezoidal breakwaters. Meanwhile, the technical facilities available at PPN included administrative offices, Fish Auction Places (TPI), ice warehouses, water reservoirs, water networks equipped with water pumps, meters, and pipe installations that reach the port dock, as well as electricity networks. Besides, PPN also had supporting facilities consisting of security posts, mosques, bathrooms, and official homes. In its development, PPN Kejawanan had a significant contribution in the socio-economic empowerment efforts of fishing community at Cirebon. Those efforts were included in empowering women at households level and fostering the fishermen to increase welfare and employment opportunities.
Masyumi’s Campaign Strategies in the 1955 Election in Jakarta Ajeng Kusuma Ayu; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono; A. Alamsyah
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (212.562 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v4i1.7734

Abstract

In the capital’s 1955 election, Masyumi established itself a place among the winning parties with 167,707 votes, surpassing their biggest rivals PNI, PKI, and NU in parliamentary votes. Nevertheless, it was not an easy victory. This study questions on why Masyumi was able to win the capital’s 1955 election and made PNI failed to gain the upper hand in Jakarta, despite the region being politically heterogeneous and thus theoretically an easy territory to conquer by the nationalists. By using the historical method, this study answers the above questions. The result of this study is a fact that the race between Masyumi and PNI to gain votes was one of a riveting story. As the center of power where major political, social, and economic activities were conducted, the political constellation in Jakarta was comparatively more dynamic to regions outside the capital. Hence, Masyumi’s triumph over the other major parties holds some historical significance. The fact that Masyumi triumphed over PNI (who were the winner on a national level) deserves a study unto itself, through which we can analyze Jakarta’s political composition at the time, the political strategies employed by competing parties, voters’ attitude, people’s political participation and furthermore, Masyumi’s campaign strategies.
The Trade of Sago in Ambon, 1880-1900 Putri Maya Masyitah; Endang Susilowati; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v4i2.7625

Abstract

During the late 19th century, sago in Ambon turned out not only to be a subsistence crop used as a staple food, but also as a commercial crop. Historical sources shown that sago became one of the important commodities in trade in the 19th century, as one of the commodities that affected the economy of the Ambonese people and the colonial government. Sago became a prominent commodity when the spices trade decreased. So, there is commercialization process of sago as an important trade commodity. In this connection, this article examines several issues, the sago became a strategic commodity and the role of sago in the Ambonese economy during 1880-1900. It is analyzed by using the historical method, which emphasized on primary sources based on official reports in the form of colonial publications. According to the study, between 1880 -1900 it was known that the local community and colonial government traded the sago. One interesting thing is that aside from being a staple food, sago is also used as a currency that is bartered with other commodities that have the same value. For the colonial government, sago became a commercial commodity that was quite productive, even having become an export commodity to various countries, such as Singapore and Europe. The colonial government sold sago in various forms such as bundles, basketry, slabs, flour, and grains. In addition, the government also rents sago lands to Christians and Muslims merchants for a specified period and cost.
Social Integration of Indonesian Ahmadiyya Community to Preserve Existence in Jambi, 2003–2013 Totok Suhadak; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono; Yety Rochwulaningsih
IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies) Vol 5, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v5i2.10096

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This study focuses on the social integration of Ahmadiyya Indonesia Community (JAI) to maintaine its Existence in Jambi in the period 2003-2013. The issue raised in this study is the ability of the JAI in Jambi to maintain its existence at a time when Ahmadiyya congregations JAI in several regions in Indonesia suffered tragic fates after their places of worship were vandalized and their members suffered acts of violence perpetrated by local residents. In this regard, this article will answer the questions of why and how JAI Jambi carried out social integration efforts in order to maintain its existence. Issues that were subject of this study are the growth of JAI in Jambi from 2003-2013 and the social integration of JAI in Jambi to maintain its existence.
The Discovery of Deli Sultanate Currency in Batubara, North Sumatra Saparudin Barus; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono; Yety Rochwulaningsih
Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmsni.v5i1.11384

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This paper aims to explain the finding of the Deli Sultanate Currency that shows the Deli Sultanate existence and heyday of trade in 19th century. By the used of historical method, this paper emphasized the finding of the Deli Sultanate coins in Batubara which was a form of power contestation in the trading system. Deli Sultanate coins found in the Batubara trading port area cannot be separated from the involvement of international trade activities. The contestation in the trading space in the 19th century was dominated by the British and the Dutch. Meanwhile, the finding of Deli Sultanate coins proves that the contestation space was also enriched by a local kingdom.
Tracking the Role of Education in Preserving National Identity: Maritime Aspects in the History Subject at Senior High School in Indonesia Singgih Tri Sulistiyono
Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration Vol 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4283.177 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmsni.v1i1.1373

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One of the most important objectives of this article is analyse wether or not the idea of the Indonesian identity as a maritime nation is instructed at school in the form of teaching materials. In this respect the history subject at senior high school bocomes the focus of the study. The history subject strategically can be benefitted as the medium of strengthening the Indonesian naitonal identity as a maritime nation. This matter is very important to be studied considering the fact that untill now the issue of national identity of Indonesian nation is still to be debated wether or not Indonesia will be developed to be maritime state or conversely to be agrarian state.  But many Indonesian believe that their ancestors were maritime people. And they confident that only the people who built the country based on thier identity could be a great nation. This article argues that although the maritime history of the great potential in the process of identity formation of Indonesia as a maritime nation and has the potential to strengthen national integration, but aspects of maritime history has not taught proportionally in Indonesian history textbooks.
A Reflection of “Indonesian Maritime Fulcrum” Initiative: Maritime History and Geopolitical Changes Ismail Ali; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono
Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (109.302 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmsni.v4i1.8081

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The announcement of a maritime economic initiative known as the 21st Century Maritime Silk Route (MSR) by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 created a new paradigm shift in the geo-economy and geo-politics of countries in the Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. With this initiative, China aims to rebuild maritime lines in the seas and oceans where China once was regarded as one of the world's leading powers. In contrast to countries in Southeast Asia, which still hold divergent views on the Chinese initiative, Indonesia sees it as an opportunity to develop regions that have long been marginalized from development. It is in line with the shift in Indonesia’s global economic-political agenda in the 21st century through a doctrine known as "Indonesia as a Maritime Fulcrum," which was initiated by “Jokowi” Widodo and Jusuf Kalla in 2014. Taking into account the importance of this idea in Indonesia's geo-economic and geo-political agenda, this study is to reflect on Indonesia’s history as a global maritime and trade power before it was undermined by the Dutch occupation. In addition, using historical approach, this study aims to see and evaluate how the idea of "Indonesia as a Maritime Fulcrum" can restore Indonesia’s reputation as a major maritime power in the Southeast Asian archipelago.
Mobility of Goods and People at the Port of Murhum Baubau, 1988-2012 Sabahrudin La Ode Mago; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono; Yety Rochwulaningsih
Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmsni.v4i2.8060

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This paper discusses the mobility of goods and people at the Port of Murhum Baubau during 1988-2012. This port has an important role in the process of mobility of goods and people in Southeast Sulawesi. This paper also addresses the issue of how the mobility of goods and people both in Southeast Sulawesi, national, and international through the Murhum Baubau Port in the period 1988-2012. To analyze these problems, the author applied historical to proof the major development of the Post of Murhum that functiones as mobility of goods and people passing the port of Murhum Baubau in regional, national, and international could be studied comprehensively, especially exploring some primary sources that coming from the oficials and other institution. In addition, the Port of Murhum is also considered important because it is a gateway for sea transportation, loading and unloading of goods, and transit points for passengers from various regions in Indonesia, both from eastern and western Indonesia. The term of Southeast Sulawesi used in this paper refers to the region between east and south of Sulawesi Island. This region has a strategic position in connecting eastern and western regions of Indonesia. The market commodities from the Baubau region are nickel, asphalt, bitumen, chrome, and fish. In addition, the mobility of goods and people from the Southeast Sulawesi region has a fluctuating increase periodicly.
The Importance of Indonesia’s Nationalism Revitalization in the Globalization Era: A Historical Perspective Singgih Tri Sulistiyono
Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration Vol 2, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (192.505 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jmsni.v2i1.1684

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This article analyze on how nationalism which is product of nineteenth century in Europe can be revitalized in facing the challenge of globalization. In Indonesian context, this issue is very urgent to be discussed considering the fact that the process of globalization tends to be confronted with the spirit of nationalism. Sometime nationalism is viewed as an obsolete tradition that should be revitalized. But there are still many people who believe that nationalism is still indispensable in the face of an increasing wave of globalization. However nationalism must be revitalized in order to be able to face the challenge of globalization.For this purpose, it is very interesting to strengthen the spirit of nationalism by revitalizing it for improving the nation competitiveness in facing the expansion of globalization. The questions are in what wayscouldnationalismbe revitalizedinorder to improve thenationcompetitivenesstoface theglobal competition?In addition, the fundamentalquestionto be askediswhydoes Indonesiannationalismneed to be revitalized? What is wrongwithIndonesiannationalism?IfIndonesiannationalismcan berevitalized, howis it done?Those are set of questionsthatwill bediscussedin thispaper.