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MAPPING MISCONCEPTIONS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PHYSICS: A QUALITATIVE PERSPECTIVE Utama, Rodika; Moh. Toifur; Carissa Viola Putri Alfian; Nisrina Karimah
International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research and Technology (IJSET) Vol. 4 No. 10 (2025): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijset.v4i10.1195

Abstract

Misconceptions in physics represent a persistent barrier in students’ learning processes, influencing how they interpret and apply fundamental principles. These misconceptions are often robust, deeply rooted in everyday experiences, cultural beliefs, or misleading linguistic expressions, making them resistant to traditional forms of instruction. The present study aims to map senior high school students’ misconceptions across a wide range of core physics topics—including mechanics, energy, waves, and optics—through a qualitative lens. The research employed a four-tier diagnostic test and semi-structured interviews administered to 45 eleventh-grade students from a public high school in South Tangerang, Indonesia. The diagnostic test allowed for the identification of misconceptions by probing students’ answers, reasoning, confidence levels, and justifications, while follow-up interviews provided deeper insights into students’ thought processes. Data were analyzed thematically to classify the most dominant misconceptions and to uncover the underlying reasoning patterns that sustain them. Findings revealed that the most prevalent misconceptions were associated with Newton’s third law, where students believed that action and reaction forces cancel each other out; with energy conservation, where energy was perceived as a consumable entity that “runs out”; with sound propagation, where students assumed sound could travel in a vacuum; and with optics, particularly shadow formation, where students believed that light rays could stop or bend arbitrarily in space. These misconceptions were not isolated errors but rather formed coherent alternative frameworks that strongly influenced students’ conceptualizations. The implications of this study are twofold. First, mapping misconceptions across different physics domains provides a comprehensive overview of the conceptual challenges faced by students, which can inform teachers’ pedagogical strategies. Second, the results emphasize the need for instructional approaches that combine multiple representations—verbal, graphical, and experimental—along with inquiry-based activities that explicitly challenge students’ existing ideas. Such approaches are expected to foster conceptual change and support students in developing a more scientifically accurate understanding of physics.
Investigating Senior High School Students’ Conceptual Understanding of Heat and Temperature: A Qualitative Analysis in Physics Education Utama, Rodika; Toifur, Moh.; Ishafit, Ishafit; Okimustava, Okimustava
Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika FKIP UM Metro Vol 13, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH METRO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/jpf.v13i2.14137

Abstract

The distinction between heat and temperature is fundamental in physics learning, yet it remains a persistent source of student misconceptions. Many learners interpret heat as a tangible substance stored within an object or assume that temperature is equivalent to the amount of heat possessed. Such misunderstandings hinder the development of deeper concepts in thermodynamics and energy transfer. This study aims to investigate senior high school students’ conceptual understanding of heat and temperature through a qualitative lens. The research involved 30 Grade XI students from a public high school in Indonesia. Data were collected using a conceptual diagnostic test followed by semi-structured interviews that probed students’ reasoning about everyday thermal phenomena. Thematic analysis was applied to categorize misconceptions and identify underlying reasoning models. Findings revealed four dominant patterns: (1) the substance model of heat, where students described heat as a material that flows from hot to cold bodies; (2) the equation model of temperature, in which temperature was mistakenly treated as the total amount of heat; (3) the cold transfer misconception, where students believed coldness itself moves from one body to another; and (4) the size–temperature confusion, where larger objects were assumed to always have higher temperature. These conceptions align with reports in international literature, indicating the universal nature of such difficulties. The study underscores the value of qualitative exploration for uncovering the reasoning behind misconceptions, not merely their frequency. Implications for teaching include the use of particle-level representations, predict–observe–explain activities, and simple calorimetry experiments to help students reconstruct scientifically accurate models of heat and temperature.
Lebih Cepat, Lebih Hemat, Lebih Untung: Efektivitas Teknologi Ultrasonik pada Budidaya Nila Red Bangkok di Pokdakan Rejoayu Okimustava; Moh. Toifur; Destri Ratna Ma’Rifah; Hendro Setyono; Bambang Sudarsono; Eko Susanto
JURPIKAT (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Politeknik Piksi Ganesha Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37339/jurpikat.v6i4.2735

Abstract

The community service program on red Bangkok tilapia farming at Pokdakan Rejoayu aims to enhance members’ skills, production efficiency, and pest control through the application of ultrasonic technology. The main challenges faced by the partner group are limited technical knowledge, high feed costs, and frequent attacks from otters and herons. The program activities included socialization, training, application of ultrasonic devices, and continuous assistance. Preliminary results show an increase in members’ skills from 25% to 80%, representing a 55% improvement. The use of ultrasonic devices reduced pest attacks by 50–60% and increased the survival rate of fish from 60–65% to 75–80%. Growth performance also improved, with the harvest period shortened by approximately one month. In addition, the use of locally based self-produced feed reduced dependence on commercial feed by 20–30%, saving around IDR 1.5–2 million per cycle. Potential yields increased by 30–40%, while profits rose from IDR 3–4 million to IDR 5–6 million per cycle. These findings confirm that the program is effective and has the potential to deliver sustainable impacts on the welfare of the partner community.
FOURIER ANALYSIS IN HEAT CONDUCTION PROBLEMS: A CASE STUDY ON ONE-DIMENSIONAL ROD MODELS Utama, Rodika; Moh. Toifur; Dimas Nurachman
International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research and Technology (IJSET) Vol. 4 No. 12 (2025): NOVEMBER
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijset.v4i12.1202

Abstract

Misconceptions The study of heat conduction has long been a central topic in applied mathematics and physics, providing fundamental insights into the diffusion of thermal energy across various media. This research focuses on solving the one-dimensional heat conduction equation using Fourier analysis as a mathematical tool to obtain an exact solution under specified boundary and initial conditions. By applying separation of variables and Fourier series expansion, the temperature distribution of the rod is represented as an infinite series that converges to the exact solution. To validate the analytical solution, a numerical simulation based on the finite difference method is also performed, allowing comparison of accuracy and convergence. The results show that Fourier analysis provides a reliable and elegant framework to model heat conduction problems, with numerical methods serving as a complementary approach for cases where closed-form solutions are intractable. This study highlights the significance of Fourier techniques not only in mathematical physics but also in practical applications such as material science and thermal engineering.
Developing Assessment using the TaRL Approach with the PjBL Model on the Topic of Global Warming Listyaningrum, Trisna Avi; Kusumaningtyas, Dian Artha; Toifur, Moh.
International Conference on Education for All Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Asosiasi Lembaga Pendidikan Tenaga Kependidikan Peguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah dan Aisyiyah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This research addresses the limitations of existing physics assessments that primarily focus on outcomes and cognitive abilities, neglecting the need for a deeper understanding of global warming. The study aims to develop assessments using the teaching at the right level (TaRL) approach with a projectbased learning (PjBL) model specifically for global warming. It follows a Research and Development (R&D) methodology using the ADDIE method, comprising analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The developed assessments undergo validation by experts and physics teachers, followed by a limited trial involving 36 tenthgrade students. Questionnaires, observation sheets, and validation sheets are utilized, and data analysis is performed using descriptive qualitative methods with scoring criteria. The findings reveal that the assessments consist of both formative and summative components, covering various aspects such as diagnostic assessments, learning process evaluations, and project assessments. Expert validation confirms the high suitability of the assessment content and components, with an average score of 3.77 from all validators. Consequently, it is concluded that the TaRL approach with the PjBL learning model for global warming assessments is highly suitable for student use.
Pengaruh Pupuk Organik COSIWA dan Pupuk Anorganik NPK pada Perkembangan Tanaman Kangkung Ditinjau dari Suhu Tanah Listyaningrum, Trisna Avi; Toifur, Moh.
Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu Vol 11 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu Jilid XI Nomor 1 Juni 2023
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Pertanian Kutai Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36084/jpt..v11i1.475

Abstract

The use of inorganic fertilizers will provide hotter temperatures than using organic fertilizers. The higher nutrient content causes this in inorganic fertilizers than in organic fertilizers. High and low soil temperatures will affect plant growth; the higher the soil temperature, the faster the growth of plants. This study aims to analyze the results of developing water spinach plants grown using COSIWA liquid organic fertilizer and NPK liquid inorganic fertilizer. The design of this study was the measurement of soil temperature and plant height based on soil depth in organically fertilized soils using COSIWA and inorganic fertilizers using liquid NPK. The data generated were measurements of soil temperature for 12 hours and observations of plant stem length, leaf color, stem condition, and plant freshness for four weeks. This study showed that water spinach plants grown using COSIWA liquid organic fertilizer had a lower soil temperature of 32.2 oC compared to kale plants grown using NPK liquid inorganic fertilizer, namely 32.2 oC. In addition, the growth of water spinach plants grown using COSIWA liquid organic fertilizer and water spinach plants grown using liquid inorganic fertilizer NPK showed almost the same growth results as seen from the observations on plant length, leaf condition, stem condition, and plant freshness. Keywords: COSIWA organic fertilizer, kangkung plants, NPK inorganic fertilizer, soil temperature
Numeracy, verbal skills, learning motivation, and self-regulation as predictors of academic success in high school Warnaningtyas, Murtiatmi; Sulisworo, Dwi; Toifur, Moh
JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia)
Publisher : Indonesian Institute for Counseling, Education and Theraphy (IICET)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29210/020254661

Abstract

This study explores the influence of numerical literacy, verbal ability, learning motivation in science, and self-regulation on academic achievement among high school students. In today's dynamic educational landscape, success requires more than academic knowledge—it also demands motivation and self-directed learning strategies. This research aimed to examine how these four factors interrelate to predict learning outcomes. Employing an ex-post facto quantitative design, data were collected from 119 high school students across four schools using validated questionnaires and learning outcome assessments. The variables included numerical literacy, verbal ability, and science learning motivation as independent variables, self-regulation as a mediating variable, and academic achievement as the dependent variable. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that all three independent variables significantly and positively affected self-regulation: numerical literacy (β = 0.410, p < 0.001), verbal ability (β = 0.291, p < 0.01), and science learning motivation (β = 0.215, p < 0.05). Furthermore, self-regulation positively influenced academic achievement (β = 0.405, p < 0.001). These findings underscore the critical role of self-regulation as a bridge between cognitive skills and academic performance. By strengthening students’ ability to manage their own learning, educators can enhance academic success, especially in numeracy and science-based learning environments.
Pembuatan Sensor SnO₂ untuk Memantau Multi-Parameter dalam Proses Pembusukan Makanan Toifur, Moh.; Setiawan, Indra Budi; Ishafit; Hajatulloh, Ridlo; Okimustava; Susanto, Eko
JIPFRI (Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Fisika dan Riset Ilmiah) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): November Edition
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Huda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30599/jipfri.v9i2.4440

Abstract

This study reports the development of a tin dioxide (SnO₂)-based gas sensor fabricated via the electroplating method for monitoring food spoilage. Urap vegetables were used as test samples to investigate variations in temperature, CO₂ concentration, humidity, and sensor resistance during the spoilage process. The results revealed that the SnO₂ sensor exhibited a clear response to temperature and CO₂ concentration, both of which showed a consistent decrease in resistance with increasing values. In contrast, no definitive correlation between resistance and humidity was observed. These findings highlight the potential of electroplated SnO₂ sensors as multi-parameter devices for real-time food spoilage monitoring. Such an approach could be further optimized for practical applications in smart packaging and food quality control, thereby supporting food safety and waste reduction.
Inovasi Teknologi Tepat Guna Pakan Campuran Fermentasi–Kering untuk Efisiensi Peternakan Domba pada Kelompok Lansia Produktif Toifur, Moh; Okimustava, Okimustava; Yunianto, Irfan; Sudarsono, Bambang; Mutmainah, Nur Fitri; Hanafi, Yahya; Izzati, Elsarina Nur; Susanto, Eko
Lumbung Inovasi: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LITPAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/1s7t3479

Abstract

Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan keberdayaan kelompok lansia produktif melalui penerapan teknologi tepat guna pakan campuran fermentasi–kering dalam budidaya domba di Kalurahan Argodadi, Kecamatan Sedayu, Kabupaten Bantul. Kegiatan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya produktivitas ternak akibat keterbatasan kemampuan peternak lansia dalam pengelolaan pakan dan pemanfaatan limbah peternakan. Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) dengan tahapan sosialisasi, pelatihan teknis, penerapan teknologi, pendampingan, dan evaluasi. Sebanyak 40 peserta dari dua kelompok mitra, yaitu Kelompok BETERNAK dan LANTERA, terlibat aktif dalam seluruh tahapan kegiatan. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan peningkatan pada berbagai aspek produksi: efisiensi pakan meningkat sebesar 35%, pertambahan bobot domba naik dari 0,6 kg/bulan menjadi 0,9 kg/bulan, dan waktu kerja lansia berkurang dari 3,2 jam menjadi 1,8 jam per hari. Skor keberdayaan produksi meningkat dari 2,81 (kategori sedang) menjadi 4,29 (kategori sangat baik). Sebanyak 92,5% peserta mampu memproduksi pakan campuran secara mandiri dan 87,5% memahami prinsip biosekuriti serta pengolahan limbah menjadi pupuk organik. Selain itu, program ini memberikan dampak ekonomi berupa peningkatan pendapatan tambahan rata-rata Rp600.000–Rp800.000 per bulan per anggota. Berdasarkan capaian indikator tersebut, penerapan teknologi ini menunjukkan efektivitas dalam mendukung aktivitas lansia serta meningkatkan kapasitas dan kemandirian kelompok dalam pengelolaan peternakan berkelanjutan. Penerapan teknologi pakan campuran ini memiliki dampak jangka panjang terhadap peningkatan produktivitas ternak, penguatan kapasitas lansia dalam pengelolaan peternakan, serta kemandirian kelompok dalam produksi pakan dan pengolahan limbah. Teknologi yang digunakan bersifat sederhana, hemat waktu, dan mudah direplikasi sehingga memungkinkan kelompok untuk mempertahankan praktik ini secara berkelanjutan. Rencana keberlanjutan program meliputi pembentukan unit produksi pakan skala kelompok, pemanfaatan pupuk organik sebagai produk tambahan yang bernilai ekonomi, serta penguatan jejaring dengan pemerintah desa dan dinas terkait untuk mendukung pengembangan usaha peternakan yang berkelanjutan. Hasil kegiatan ini berkontribusi terhadap pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDGs), khususnya pada aspek pengentasan kemiskinan (SDG 1), ketahanan pangan (SDG 2), pekerjaan layak dan pertumbuhan ekonomi (SDG 8), serta konsumsi dan produksi yang bertanggung jawab (SDG 12). Innovation of Appropriate Technology in Mixed Fermented–Dry Feed for Improving Sheep Farming Efficiency among Productive Elderly Farmers Abstract This community service program aims to improve the efficiency and empowerment of productive elderly groups through the application of an appropriate technology for fermented–dry mixed feed in sheep farming in Argodadi Village, Sedayu District, Bantul Regency. The program was initiated due to low livestock productivity, which stems from limited abilities of elderly farmers in feed management and livestock waste utilization. The implementation method employed a Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach, consisting of socialization, technical training, technology application, mentoring, and evaluation stages. A total of 40 participants from two partner groups, BETERNAK and LANTERA, were actively involved in all stages of the program. Measurement results indicated improvements across various production aspects. Feed efficiency increased by 35%. Average sheep weight gain rose from 0.6 kg/month to 0.9 kg/month. The daily working time of elderly farmers decreased from 3.2 hours to 1.8 hours per day. The production empowerment score increased from 2.81 (moderate category) to 4.29 (very good category). A total of 92.5% of participants were able to independently produce mixed feed, and 87.5% understood biosecurity principles and livestock waste processing into organic fertilizer. In addition, the program generated an economic impact in the form of an increase in additional income of approximately IDR 600,000–800,000 per member per month. Based on these indicators, the application of this technology demonstrates effectiveness in supporting the daily activities of elderly farmers and enhancing the capacity and independence of the groups in sustainable livestock management. The adoption of the mixed-feed technology also has long-term impacts, including improved livestock productivity, strengthened capabilities of elderly farmers in farm management, and increased group self-reliance in feed production and waste processing. The technology is simple, time-efficient, and easily replicable, enabling the groups to maintain its practice sustainably. The program’s sustainability plan includes establishing a group-scale feed production unit, utilizing organic fertilizer as an additional value-added product, and strengthening networks with village authorities and relevant government agencies to support the development of sustainable livestock enterprises. The outcomes of this program contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly poverty reduction (SDG 1), food security (SDG 2), decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12).
Co-Authors . Ridwan A, NURAMALIA Adi Jufriansah Adi, Rusli Agil, Mazani Azizan Aliyah Chaliq, Marhamatul Arief Hermanto Arief Hermanto Ayu Lusiyana, Ayu Azizah, Annisa Nur Azmi Khusnani Bambang Sudarsono Bambang Sudarsono Bayu Setiawan Carissa Viola Putri Alfian Choirul Huda Danurdara Setiamukti Darsono . Destri Ratna Ma'rifah Deswitan Deswitan Dian Artha Kusumaningtyas Didin S Winatapura Dimas Nurachman Dwi Sulisworo Effilia Allun Jaladri Eko Susanto Eko Susanto Erwin Prasetyo Ety Dwiastuti Fardanti, Aribah Chika Fatkhur Rohman Fayakun Muchlis Fiqry, Rizalul Hajatulloh, Ridlo Halleyna Widyasari Hamzah Hamzah Haris Rosdianto Hendro Setyono Hindaresmi Hindaresmi Irfan Rosyadi Irfan Yunianto Irnin Agustina Dwi Astuti Irnin Agustina Dwi Astuti Irnin Agustina Dwi Astuti, Irnin Agustina Dwi Ishafit Ishafit Ishafit Ishafit Ishafit Ishafit Ishafit Islamiyati, Rizka Nuzul Izzati, Elsarina Nur Jaafar, Rosly Jarot Suseno Jayati Jayati Kamsul Abraha Kamsul Abraha Kurniasari, Efi Leni Leni Listyaningrum, Trisna Avi M Taufiqurrahman M. Safrudin M. Taufiqurrahman Matavani, Heru Miftahus Surur, Miftahus Moh. Irma Sukarelawan Muchairah Haji Hasan Muchlis, Fayakun Muhammad Faisal Muhammad Ihsan Mutmainah, Nur Fitri Ningrum, Rr. Sinta Kusuma Nisrina Karimah Nur Hamida Siregar NURAMALIA A Nurlailah O, OKIMUSTAVA Okimustava Okimustava Okimustava PRASETYO, ERWIN Prayoto Prayoto Putri, Siti Zahra Helmania Rahayu, Fatonah Rahayu, Natika Rahmatika, Zulfa ‘Amalia Ria Asep Sumarni Ria Asep Sumarni, Ria Asep Ridwan Ridwan Ridwan Ridwan Ridwan Ridwan Rismawan Rismawan Rismawan Rismawan Rizka Nuzul Islamiyati Rosly Jaafar Rr. Sinta Kusuma Ningrum Rusli Adi Rusli Irwanto Safirudin . SATRIYAS ILYAS Saumarachmawati, Putri Ani Setiawan, Indra Budi Silvia Laeli Singgih, Suwito Siregar, Nur Hamida Sugiyanto Sugiyanto Sujatmoko Sujatmoko Sujatmoko Sujatmoko Sujatmoko Sujatmoko Suparwoto Suparwoto Suparwoto Suparwoto Supriyana Supriyana Suryandari Suryandari Thoha Firdaus Toni Kus Indratno Tono Wibowo Utama, Rodika Utami, Listiati Budi Venty Aghnani Nurhamidy Warnaningtyas, Murtiatmi Wijanarka, Willi Anindita Willi Anindita Wijanarka Wisnu Ari Adi Y. Pramudya, Y. Yahya Hanafi Yoga Budi Bhakti Yudhiakto Pramudya Yuli Hastiani Yuni Latifah Zahra, Siti Zahra Helmalia Putri