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Journal : MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal)

Exploring C-Reactive Protein Levels in Menstruating Female Students: A Descriptive Study Khoirunzia, Agiesa; Djohan, Herlinda; Triana, Linda; Nurhayati, Etiek
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): MEDICA (Internasional Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v7i1.482

Abstract

During menstruation, prostaglandins induce uterine contractions, which contribute to the thickening of the endometrial mucosa and the constriction of blood vessels. Elevated levels of prostaglandins may influence C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels, a marker that increases in response to inflammation or infection as part of the body's immune response. This study aimed to examine CRP levels in female students during menstruation. A descriptive research design was employed to assess CRP levels in menstruating female students. The sample consisted of blood serum collected from 30 students at Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Pembangunan Ushuluddin in Singkawang City. The results showed that among the participants, 5 students aged 16 and 1 student aged 15 exhibited positive CRP levels. Regarding the duration of menstruation, positive CRP levels were detected in 4 students on the first day, 1 student on the second day, and 1 student on the third day. Overall, 20% of the students showed positive CRP levels, while 80% had negative CRP levels. The conclusion indicates that a subset of menstruating female students exhibited elevated CRP levels, particularly during the early days of menstruation. This suggests that menstruation, likely through prostaglandin-induced inflammation, may be associated with an increase in CRP levels in some individuals.
The Antibacterial Effectiveness of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Extract Against the Growth of Escherichia coli Using the Diffusion Method Annisa, Liza Harum Nur; Triana, Linda; Sari, Emilda; Nuswantoro, Ari
MEDICA (International Medical Scientific Journal) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2024): MEDICA (Internasional Medical Scientific Journal)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/medica.v6i3.487

Abstract

Moringa oleifera leaves a common herbal plant found in tropical regions and naturalized in Indonesia, are known to be rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins. These compounds have potential medicinal properties, including antibacterial activity. This study aims to examine the antibacterial effectiveness of moringa leaf extract against the growth of Escherichia coli using the diffusion method. This descriptive-analytical research employed a purposive sampling technique with varying concentrations of moringa leaf extract: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. Each concentration was tested in triplicate, resulting in a total of 30 samples. The antibacterial effectiveness test was conducted using the agar diffusion method with blank paper disks. The results showed that no inhibition zones were formed at concentrations of 10% and 20%. Inhibition zones began to appear at 30% concentration (7.3 mm), increasing with higher concentrations: 40% (9 mm), 50% (10.3 mm), 60% (11.3 mm), 70% (16.6 mm), 80% (23.3 mm), 90% (28.3 mm), and reaching 34.6 mm at 100% concentration. Based on the antibacterial activity category, 10% and 20% showed no activity, 30% and 40% were categorized as weak, 50% and 60% as moderate, 70% as strong, and 80%, 90%, and 100% as very strong. It can be concluded that an 80% concentration of moringa leaf extract is the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli.