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All Journal Bina Hukum Lingkungan AL IMARAH : JURNAL PEMERINTAHAN DAN POLITIK ISLAM Bina Hukum Lingkungan Yuris: Journal of Court and Justice Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah Jurnal Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Unnes Law Journal : Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum INLAW
Ria Anggraeni Utami
Fakultas Hukum , Universitas Bengkulu
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Viktimologi Dalam Kasus Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online Di Indonesia Amanda Putri; Sania Ulfatun Nikmah; Naura Putri Ramadhania; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : GLOBAL SCIENTS PUBLISHER

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Abstract

The development of digital technology has given rise to new forms of crime, one of which is online gender-based violence (OGBV), which is increasingly prevalent in Indonesia. This phenomenon demonstrates high vulnerability, particularly for women, as victims in the digital space. This study aims to analyze OGBV from a victimological perspective by highlighting the forms and characteristics of the crime, the vulnerability factors of victims, and available legal protections. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach, utilizing secondary data obtained through literature review. The results indicate that OGBV has specific characteristics, such as anonymity, easy spread, and long-term impacts due to digital traces that are difficult to erase. From a victimological perspective, victims experience not only material losses but also serious psychological and social impacts, exacerbated by the phenomena of victim blaming and revictimization. Although Indonesia has regulations in place, the implementation of legal protection for victims of OGBV remains suboptimal. Therefore, a more comprehensive and victim-oriented approach is needed to achieve effective legal protection and justice for victims in the digital era.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Kekerasan Seksual Pasca Uu Tpks Dalam Perspektif Viktimologi Jupentus Nainggolan; Putra Rizki Ramadhan; Rivaldi Julianto Ardiansyah; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : GLOBAL SCIENTS PUBLISHER

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Abstract

Lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (UU TPKS) menandai babak baru dalam sejarah perlindungan hukum bagi korban kekerasan seksual di Indonesia. Berbeda dari regulasi sebelumnya yang lebih menonjolkan pendekatan pemidanaan pelaku, undang-undang ini menempatkan korban sebagai subjek utama yang memiliki hak komprehensif: mulai dari hak mendapatkan penanganan, perlindungan, hingga pemulihan secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara kritis efektivitas perlindungan hukum terhadap korban kekerasan seksual dalam kerangka UU TPKS menggunakan perspektif viktimologi. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang-undangan, diperkaya oleh analisis empiris berdasarkan data sekunder dari berbagai laporan resmi dan kajian akademik. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa UU TPKS membawa pergeseran paradigma yang signifikan dari keadilan retributif menuju keadilan restoratif dan transformatif, terutama melalui mekanisme restitusi, pendampingan hukum, dan perlindungan dari viktimisasi sekunder. Namun demikian, implementasinya masih menghadapi hambatan serius: lemahnya kapasitas aparat penegak hukum, ketiadaan infrastruktur pendukung yang memadai, budaya victim-blaming yang mengakar, serta minimnya peraturan pelaksana yang operasional. Perlindungan khusus bagi kelompok rentan, khususnya penyandang disabilitas, masih jauh dari ideal. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perbaikan sistemik pada tataran regulasi turunan, penguatan kelembagaan, pendidikan sensitif gender, serta reformasi budaya hukum yang berpihak pada korban.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Dalam Perspektif Viktimologi Di Indonesia Muhammad Fajar Lutfi Raihan; Amos Saito Hamonangan Simorangkir; Adil Abdillah; Dhaffa Hosya Putra; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : GLOBAL SCIENTS PUBLISHER

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This research comprehensively examines the legal protection afforded to crime victims within the framework of victimology in Indonesia. For decades, the Indonesian criminal justice system has tended to prioritize perpetrators over victims, leaving the latter's interests inadequately addressed. Employing a normative juridical approach supplemented by conceptual analysis, this study identifies that while Indonesia's legal framework for victim protection particularly Law No. 13 of 2006 as amended by Law No. 31 of 2014 on the Protection of Witnesses and Victims has made considerable progress, significant systemic gaps persist. Applying a critical victimology lens, this study finds that the implementation of victim rights such as restitution, compensation, and rehabilitative assistance remains suboptimal due to weak enforcement mechanisms, limited institutional capacity of LPSK (Witness and Victim Protection Agency), and insufficient victim access to legal information. This research concludes that reforming the victim protection system requires a more holistic approach not merely normative but also structural and cultural to ensure that victims can substantively enjoy their legally guaranteed rights.
Victims as Subjects, Not Objects, in the Criminal Justice System David Valencia; Mutiara Nefa Andini; Rifky Aditya; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 4, No 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20064032

Abstract

The criminal justice system has long tended to be offender-oriented, resulting in victims often being marginalized and viewed merely as objects within the evidentiary process. In reality, victims are the parties who directly suffer losses due to criminal acts and should, therefore, be positioned as subjects with legal rights and interests. This research aims to analyze the legal standing of victims within the criminal justice system and examine efforts to establish them as subjects from a victimological perspective. This study employs a normative legal research method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The legal materials used consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources, which are analyzed qualitatively. The results indicate that although victims are normatively recognized as having rights, in practice, they are still frequently treated as objects within the criminal justice system. This is caused by a strong offender-oriented paradigm, a legal culture that does not yet favor victims, and limited mechanisms for victim participation in the judicial process. Consequently, a paradigm shift through victimological approaches specifically critical and restorative victimology is required to strengthen the position of victims as subjects within the criminal justice system.
From Privacy to Exploitation: A Victimological Analysis of Cases Involving the Non-Consensual Distribution of Intimate Content Yuliani Finaly Putri; Dea Nanda Rahmadani; M Dede Al Farabi Suardi; Denies Salwarani; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 4, No 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19537062

Abstract

The development of digital technology has made communication easier, but it has also opened up opportunities for new forms of crime, one of which is the non-consensual distribution of intimate content (non-consensual intimate images). This phenomenon is becoming increasingly common and has serious impacts on victims, whether psychologically, socially, or legally. Unfortunately, victims are often blamed, as they are perceived to have contributed to the occurrence of the incident. This study aims to analyze the position of victims in cases of non-consensual dissemination of intimate content using a victimological perspective, particularly through victim typology and modern victimology approaches. The method used is normative juridical, with a conceptual approach and case studies drawn from relevant news reports. The results of the analysis show that the use of classical victimological typologies often has the potential to create bias and reinforce victim blaming, especially in the context of digital crimes. Therefore, a modern victimology approach is considered more relevant, as it places victims as parties who must be protected rather than blamed. In addition, regulations such as the Law on Sexual Violence Crimes have provided a foundation for legal protection, although in practice they still face various challenges
Telaah Normatif Kedudukan Dan Kekuatan Pembuktian Tes Deoxyribonucleic Acid Sebagai Alat Bukti Sah Dalam Sistem Pembuktian Hukum Pidana Nasional Syadid Jiddan Alharun; Tiara Ramadhani; Aldi Prasetiawan Saputra; Aulia Rexana Sitaresmi; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik | E-ISSN : 3031-8882 Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Juli - Agustus
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62379/c942fe67

Abstract

This research normatively analyzes the position and probative value of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Testing within the Indonesian criminal procedure law system. The underlying legal issue is the controversy surrounding DNA testing to establish the validity of a biological child, particularly when linked to specific criminal acts such as adultery or defamation. The method employed is juridical-normative, using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, focusing on a comprehensive review of Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and related criminal provisions. The analysis of Article 184 paragraph (1) of KUHAP indicates that DNA Testing is not explicitly recognized as an evidence, yet it can be categorized as part of Expert Testimony or Documentary Evidence (Visum et Repertum). The probative force of DNA Testing is absolute in determining biological relationships, but within the criminal context, it must comply with the principle of minimum two valid evidence and be supported by the judge's conviction as stipulated in Article 183 of KUHAP. This research concludes that regulatory harmonization is necessary to provide a more specific and stronger standing for DNA Testing, especially in cases involving the determination of identity or biological relationships.
Kedudukan Visum Et Repertum Dalam Pembuktian Kejahatan Seksual Tanpa Luka Tiara Intan Camesi; Nola Listi Fitriani; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik | E-ISSN : 3031-8882 Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Januari-Februari
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62379/49p2e353

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal position of visum et repertum in proving sexual crimes without physical injuries and to examine its role within the criminal justice system. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches, referring to the Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana and Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual. The results indicate that visum et repertum serves as both documentary evidence and expert testimony that provides an objective medical description of the victim’s condition. However, in cases of sexual crimes without physical injuries, its evidentiary value is limited as it may not reveal signs of physical violence. Therefore, proof cannot rely solely on visum et repertum but must be supported by other evidence such as victim testimony, witnesses, and circumstantial evidence. This study highlights the importance of a comprehensive and victim-oriented approach to ensure justice in handling sexual crime cases
Dampak Psikologis Kekerasan Rumah Tangga Dan Mekanisme Pemulihan Korban Sapril Sapril; Mersi Aprilia; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Jurnal Kajian Hukum Dan Kebijakan Publik | E-ISSN : 3031-8882 Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Januari-Februari
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62379/x6hg5532

Abstract

This study examines the psychological impact of domestic violence and victim recovery mechanisms with the aim of identifying key issues, assessing the effectiveness of support services, and providing recommendations for improvement. Using a mixed approach, including a survey of 150 urban victims and in-depth interviews with 20 service providers and survivors, the study analyzed trauma symptoms, coping strategies, and access to legal, medical, and psychosocial support. Results indicate a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms, limited access to integrated services, and barriers resulting from social stigma and weak inter-agency coordination. Recommendations include strengthening multisectoral referral networks, expanding trauma-based counseling services, and implementing community-based public awareness programs to enhance victim recovery.
Peran Hakim Dalam Menilai Bukti Dalam Sistem Pembuktian Hukum Pidana Indonesia Muhammad Fadhel Febriansyah; Try Mustaqim; Petra Alfa almunziri; Yudi Anugrah Pratama; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : GLOBAL SCIENTS PUBLISHER

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Abstract

Peran hakim dalam menilai bukti memegang posisi sentral didalam sistem pembuktian hukum pidana di indonesia yang mengutamakan asas praduga tak bersalah dan penegakan keadilan. Hakim sebagai pihak yang berwenang menilai alat bukti dalam persidangan harus bersikap independen dan objektif dalam mengevaluasi setiap bukti, baik berupa saksi, surat, petunjuk, maupun keterangan terdakwa. Penilaian bukti oleh hakim meliputi analisis kredibilitas dan reliabilitas bukti serta kesesuaian dengan fakta hukum yang berkembang dalam perkara. Proses ini dipandu oleh ketentuan KUHAP dan putusan Mahkamah Agung yang menjadi preseden, namun juga menghadapi tantangan seperti pengaruh subjektivitas dan batasan kualifikasi hukum. Studi ini mengkaji secara mendalam mekanisme penilaian bukti oleh hakim, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan hakim, serta implikasi penilaian tersebut terhadap kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hak asasi terdakwa dalam peradilan pidana. Dengan seperti itu tujuan penelitian ini berkontribusi memperkuat pemahaman tentang fungsi hakim dalam rangka memastikan proses peradilan yang fair dan akuntabel di Indonesia.
Analisi Normatif Terhadap Kekosongan Pengaturan Pedoman Teknis Alat Bukti Elektronik Dalam Penanganan Kasus Kekerasan Seksual Di Indonesia Vina Putri Afisako; Aulia Nafisha Rahma; Riqa Kurnia Sabilla; Khinayla Faradiba Syahnaz; Ria Anggraeni Utami
Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : GLOBAL SCIENTS PUBLISHER

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Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi digital membawa perubahan signifikan terhadap pola kejahatan seksual, khususnya melalui meningkatnya kasus kekerasan berbasis gender online (KBGO) yang meninggalkan jejak elektronik sebagai sumber pembuktian utama. Meskipun Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) dan Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (UU TPKS) telah mengakui alat bukti elektronik sebagai alat bukti yang sah, hingga kini belum tersedia pedoman teknis yang komprehensif untuk mengatur prosedur pengumpulan, penyimpanan, autentikasi, dan verifikasi bukti digital dalam proses peradilan pidana. Kekosongan pengaturan ini menimbulkan ketidakseragaman praktik di tingkat penyidikan dan persidangan, sehingga berpotensi melemahkan nilai pembuktian bukti elektronik dan menimbulkan risiko ketidakpastian hukum. Selain itu, ketiadaan standar teknis turut mengancam perlindungan korban, terutama terkait risiko reviktimisasi, kebocoran data pribadi, serta penyalahgunaan konten sensitif. Melalui pendekatan normatif, artikel ini menganalisis kesenjangan antara pengaturan normatif dan kebutuhan praktik penegakan hukum, serta mengkaji implikasinya terhadap asas kepastian hukum dan perlindungan korban. Artikel ini menegaskan pentingnya penyusunan pedoman teknis nasional yang terintegrasi antar lembaga penegak hukum untuk memastikan keabsahan alat bukti elektronik, melindungi hak korban, dan mewujudkan keadilan substantif dalam perkara kekerasan seksual di era digital.
Co-Authors Adil Abdillah Aditya Nanda Arrafif Agus Salim Ahmad Fauzi M Aldi Ferdiansyah Aldi Prasetiawan Saputra Amanda Putri Amelia Komalasari Amelia Suci Rahmadani Amos Saito Hamonangan Simorangkir Anisah Friti Anjelia Antory Royan Adyan Aprillia Three Handayani Aulia Nafisha Rahma Aulia Rexana Sitaresmi Bagas Prithajaya Putra Bella Ananda Sari Bella Syafirda Belvina Azahra Brahmantika Satria Cahaya Dwi Anggola Dahwal, Sirman Damar Al Fariq David Aprizon Putra David Valencia Dea Eryan Ananda Dea Nanda Rahmadani Denies Salwarani Dhaffa Hosya Putra Elsa Ramadhana Fatimah Zahra R. N Fernando, Zico Junius Fidia Lestari Fina Rahma Nurlianti Helda Rahmasari Herlambang Jupentus Nainggolan Karina Salsabilla Khinayla Faradiba Syahnaz Lidhya Agustini Lusya Najwa Vesca H M Dede Al Farabi Suardi Maulana Sena Al Jabbar Mersi Aprilia Muhammad Edwar Muhammad Fadhel Febriansyah Muhammad Fajar Lutfi Raihan Muhammad Makin Muhammad Raihan Darmawan Mutiara Nefa Andini Nabilla tiffany dwinov Najwa Renanda Lheviola Naura Putri Ramadhania Nola Listi Fitriani Petra Alfa almunziri Putra Rizki Ramadhan Rachelya Putri Audrian Raden Satrya Putra Randy Pradityo Reftahu Janna Rifky Aditya Rina Iswani S Riqa Kurnia Sabilla Riska Karinda Rivaldi Julianto Ardiansyah Ruben Malau Sania Ulfatun Nikmah Sapril Sapril Sutra Oktaviani Syadid Jiddan Alharun Syifa Ayu Anggraini Tenti Ayu Tiara Intan Camesi Tiara Okta Yanti Tiara Ramadhani Try Mustaqim Uci Febriani Vina Putri Afisako Wiwit Pratiwi Yudi Anugrah Pratama Yulia Tri Wahyuni Yuliani Finaly Putri Zico Junius Fernando