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Screening Cellulolytic Bacteria from the Digestive Tract Snail (Achatina fulica) and Test the Ability of Cellulase Activity Wijanarka Wijanarka; Endang Kusdiyantini; Sarjana Parman
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.7263

Abstract

On the research of enzyme production levels observed cellulase produced by bacteria in the digestive tract of the isolation of the Snail (Achatina fulica). Isolation of bacteria based on the ability of bacteria to grow on CMC media. The purpose of this study was to determine cellulase activity by cellulolytic bacteria. Some bacterial isolates were identified as cellulolytic bacteria, they were KE-B1, KE-B2, KE-B3, KE-B4, KE-B5, and KE-B6. Isolates KE-B6 was the best isolates. Furthermore KE-B6 isolates were grown on media production to determine the pattern of growth and enzyme activity. Measurement of cell growth was conducted by inoculating starter aged 22 hours at CMC production of liquid medium. Cellulase enzyme activity measurements was performed by the DNS method. The results showed that the highest activity by new isolate bacteria KE-B6 and its value of the activity of 0.4539 U/mL, growth rate (µ) 0.377/hour and generation time (g) 1.84 hour. This research expected cellulase of producing bacteria were easy, inexpensive and efficient. This enzyme can be used as an enzyme biolytic once expected to replace expensive commercial enzyme. The biotylic enzyme can be applied to strains improvement (protoplast fusion).How to CiteWijanarka, W., Kusdiyantini, E. Parman, S. (2016). Screening Cellulolytic Bacteria from the Digestive Tract Snail (Achatina fulica) and Test the Ability of Cellulase Activity. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(3), 386-392. 
Intergenus Protoplast Fusion between Pichia manshurica and Rhodosporidium paludigenum to Increase the Production of Inulinase Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Soetarto, Endang Sutariningsih; Dewi, Kumala; Indrianto, Ari
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 18, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The purposes of this study was to identify the optimum concentration of the lytic enzyme Glucanex for protoplast isolation and to conduct fusion for the purpose of increasing inulinase production. The study performs the protoplast fusion technique using Pichia manshurica and Rhodosporidium paludigenum. Protoplast fusion consists of a series of stages: protoplast isolation, protoplast fusion, protoplast regeneration, and analysis of hybrid fusion results. Protoplast isolation and fusion success rate are determined by various factors, including age of the culture, media type, and type of lytic enzymes used. Hybrid results were analyzed using a fungicide as a marker and measuring specific growth rate (µ) of the hybrid compared with parental growth rates. Results demonstrated that a concentration of 4 mg/mL of Glucanex produces the greatest number of protoplasts, 7.2 x 1010 (cell/mL) for P. manshurica and 8.8 x 1010 (cell/mL) for Rh. paludigenum. The results of analysis of hybrid fusions indicate that the study has identified a new fusant, called fusant F4. Fusant F4 is capable of producing the highest inulinase, 0.6892 IU, compared with parentals P. manshurica, 0557 IU, and Rh. paludigenum, 0.3263 IU. Fusant F4 has specific growth rate (µ) of 0.3360/h and generation time (g) of 2.0629 h.
Profiling of Seawater Bacterial Diversity in Tanjung Mas Port Using 16S rRNA eDNA Metabarcoding and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Anggoro, Naufal Sebastian; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti; Budiharjo, Anto; Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Zainuri, Muhammad; Hadibarata, Tony
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.61-70

Abstract

Tanjung Emas Port is the entry and exit point for trade commodities, both regional and international filled with many ships. This condition makes biofouling a very massive process in that place by various types of marine bacteria. The initial formation of a biofilm is relevant to bacterial diversity, colonization and adhesion. The objective of the study was assessing bacterial diversity in relation to with biofouling within Tanjung Mas Port Semarang, by using 16S rRNA eDNA metabarcoding Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Seawater samples from aquatic sites of Tanjung Mas harbor was used for DNA extraction and amplification of the 16S rRNA V-3-V4 hypervariable region, followed by sequencing and library construction of eDNA Metabarcoding. Sequence processing and analysis was performed in QIIME 2 and RStudio using DADA2 for advanced sequencing processing and Phyloseq. The results of this research showed that bacteria is the predominant taxon constituting 100% of the community. The taxon consists of Proteobacteria (49.38%), Bacteroidota (8.67%), and Firmicutes (8.88%). Alphaproteobacteria (20.92%) and Gammaproteobacteria (12.39%) dominate at the Class level, emphasizing their versatility and ecological influence. At the Order and Family levels reveals the prevalence of Rhodobacterales (10.04%), Chitinophagales (2.53%), Rhizobiales (3.61%), Rhodobacteraceae (5.67%), Saprospiraceae (3.63%), and Rhizobiaceae (2.15%). It was found that the unculturable taxa dominance in Tanjung Mas Port was 44.66%. These taxonomic entities contribute significantly to the taxonomic and functional diversity of the microbial community, influencing nutrient cycling, organic matter degradation, ecosystem stability and biofilm formation.
Karakterisasi bioplastik tepung hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) dengan variasi konsentrasi kitosan Azzahra, Meilidya Falkhiya; Ayuningtyas, Annisa Nur; Fransenda, Auxensius Rexer; Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Kusdiyantini, Endang
Teknosains Vol 18 No 1 (2024): Januari-April
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/teknosains.v18i1.41516

Abstract

Bioplastik telah dikembangkan dalam upaya mengatasi dampak negatif dari pencemaran lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh sampah plastik. Salah satu bahan pembuatan bioplastik yaitu dari tepung hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi L.). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis karakteristik bioplastik berbahan tepung hanjeli dengan penambahan variasi konsentrasi kitosan. Metode penelitian meliputi pembuatan bioplastik dengan variasi penambahan kitosan pada berbagai konsentrasi yaitu 2%, 3%, serta 4% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji karakterisasi bioplastik meliputi uji biodegradable, uji kuat tarik, uji ketahanan air, dan uji FT-IR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji biodegradable sampel bioplastik tepung hanjeli dengan konsentrasi kitosan 2% yang dikubur pada tanah kompos selama 12 hari lebih cepat mengalami degradasi dibanding bioplastik dengan konsentrasi kitosan 3% dan 4%. Hasil nilai kuat tarik tertinggi diperoleh sampel bioplastik tepung hanjeli variasi kitosan 3% sebesar 2,84 MPa dan nilai kuat tarik terendah diperoleh sampel bioplastik tepung hanjeli variasi kitosan 2% sebesar 0,16 MPa. Nilai persen elongasi, yang mengukur elastisitas bioplastik, tertinggi pada bioplastik dengan konsentrasi kitosan 4%, sedangkan pada bioplastik dengan 3% kitosan terjadi penurunan elastisitas. Nilai presentase uji ketahanan air sampel bioplastik tepung hanjeli konsentrasi kitosan 2%, 3%, dan 4% berturut-turut, yaitu 176%, 73%, 281%. Gugus fungsi yang dihasilkan pada uji FT-IR sampel bioplastik tepung hanjeli konsentrasi kitosan 2%, 3%, dan 4% menunjukan adanya gugus OH, gugus C-N dan gugus C=H.
Pembuatan Karbon Aktif Nanopartikel dan Uji Potensinya Sebagai Bahan Aditif Tanah Kering/Tandus Untuk Meningkatkan Produktifitasnya Aini, Riris Nur; Wibawa, Pratama Jujur; Nur, Muhammad; Asy'ari, Mukhammad; Wijanarka, Wijanarka
Greensphere: Journal of Environmental Chemistry Vol 4, No 1 (2024): Volume 4 Issue 1 Tahun 2024
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/gjec.2024.23626

Abstract

Karbon aktif adalah salah satu material karbon yang sangat berpori dengan strukur material amorf yang dapat diproduksi dari berbagai jenis biomasa melalui proses pirolisis. Sifat dasar yang paling menonjol dari karbon aktif adalah kemampuannya mengadsorpsi atau menjerap berbagai jenis adsorptif dalam fasa gas maupun cair. Sifat adsorpsi karbon aktif yang besar dan unggul dibanding bahan berpori lainnya dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menyimpan molekul-molekul air relatif lebih lama sebelum akhirnya dilepaskan kembali ke lingkungan sekitarnya melalui mekanisme pelepasan lambat mandiri (self-slow release mechanism). Jika disekitarnya itu adalah partikel-partikel tana kering/tandus maka molekul-molekul air ini akan dapat melembabkan permukaan tanah kering/tandus sehingga menjadi lebih produktif. Maksud dari penelitian ini ingin memastikan seberapa mampu partikel-partikel karbon aktif dapat meningkatkan produktifitas tanah kering/tandus bagi tanaman jagung. Dalam penelitian ini karbon aktif nanopartikel berukuran sekitar 200 ± 10-3 nm berhasil dibuat melalui proses agitasi ultrasonik (40 kHz, 2´50 watt) pada suhu 50oC selama 30 menit dan aktifasi termal pada suhu 400°C selama 1 jam. Analisis luas permukaan pori, volum pori, dan diameter pori karbon aktif yang dilakukan menggunakan metoda adsorpsi-desorpsi gas nitrogen, diketahui secara berurutan sebesar 178,844 m2g-1, 0,046 cm3g-1, dan 18,060 Å. Sementara itu, kemampuan menjerap pupuk urea partikel karbon aktif tersebut mencapai maksimum setelah 80 menit. Diketahui pula, adisi karbon aktif pada tanah kering/tandus dapat meningkatkan tingkat produktifitasnya sebesar 90% untuk tanaman jagung. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa karbon aktif nanopartikel berpotensi dapat digunakan sebagai bahan aditif tanah kering/tandus untuk meningkatkan produktifitasnya secara signifikan.
Bioprospecting and Molecular Identification of Amylase and Cellulase Producing Thermophilic Bacteria from Sediment of Nglimut Hot Springs, Kendal Regency Budiharjo, Anto; Wulandari, Dyah; Shabrina, Jauhara; Mawarni, Risa Arum; Maulana, Anand Reyna; Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Hartajanie, Laksmi; Lindayani, Lindayani
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.86756

Abstract

The utilisation of enzymes in the industry has brought numerous benefits and advantages to production processes. Enzymes serve as biocatalysts, efficiently catalyzing reactions and hydrolysis in biochemical processes. However, there are challenges in applying enzymes in the industry, particularly concerning enzyme stability. The obstacle encountered in the production processes involving industrial enzyme applications is the low stability of enzymes when used at high temperatures. Heat-sensitive enzymes undergo damage or denaturation. Thermophilic microorganisms are chosen because they hold the potential to produce thermophilic enzymes. The thermophilic enzymes exhibit better heat stability compared to other enzymes, making them an effective alternative for future industrial production processes. This study aims to isolate thermotolerant bacteria from Nglimut Hot Spring sediment, screen for cellulase- and amylase-producing isolates, and molecularly identify the best isolate using 16S rRNA barcode. The results show that 22 bacterial isolates were found in the sediment of a hot spring; TS-14 was the best isolate in producing amylase, with the highest average amylolytic index of 2.38, whereas TS-15 had the highest cellulolytic index of 2.11. Based on 16S rRNA identification, TS-14 showed an homological identity of 79% with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, while TS-15 had a 100% homological identity with Bacillus licheniformis. These results were important as the first step of screening bacterial potential to produce thermophilic enzymes that could be applied in the downstream processing in future industrial and biotechnology companies. 
Isolasi Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Dan Uji Aktivitas Enzim Amilase Ginting, Ledy; Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Kusdiyantini, Endang
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 3 No. 2 November 2020
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Abstract

ABSTRACTEndophytic bacteria are beneficial microorganisms that interact with plants without causing disturbance or damage to them. Research shows that certain endophytic bacterial isolates can produce secondary metabolites that have health effects, especially endophytic bacteria isolated from the Papaya plant (Carica Papaya. L). Amylolytic bacteria is one of the bacteria that has the potential to produce amylase enzymes which play an important role in industry. Endophytic bacteria were isolated using Nutrient Agar media 1% starch (soluble starch) and amylolytic index measurements were carried out using Lugol's reagent. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was carried out by streak method on Nutrient Agar media. The cultures were incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours. The morphological characteristics of the growing colonies were observed and Gram stained was carried out. Amylase activity was measured using the Dinitrosalisilic acid (DNS) method. The results of this study found 19 isolates of endophytic bacteria were isolated. There were 5 isolates that had the highest clear zone, namely isolates AE4, BE2, DE6, TD2, and TD5. The highest amylase enzyme activity of 0.225 U / mL was produced in TD5 isolates.Keyword : Isolation, Endophytic Bacteria, Enzyme Amylase, Papaya Plants
Molecular Characterization of Nannochloropsis sp. Based on tufA Genetic Marker and Potential Test of Nannochloropsis sp. as a Cadmium (Cd) Heavy Metal Bioremediation Agent Setyowati, Sulis; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti; Zainuri, Muhammad; Suprihadi, Agung; Doktorasaintifika, Heradita Kaniaazzahra; Herida, Azalia Puspa; Wahyuningsih, Candra; Jannah, Siti Nur; Wijanarka, Wijanarka
Buletin Oseanografi Marina Vol 14, No 1 (2025): Buletin Oseanografi Marina
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/buloma.v14i1.66422

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) heavy metal pollution not only affects aquatic ecosystems but also has toxic effects on human health. Bioremediation using microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. is considered more economical and sustainable for overcoming heavy metal pollution. This study aims to molecular characterization of Nannochloropsis sp. with tufA gene markers, determine the effect of different Cd concentrations on the growth and morphology of Nannochloropsis sp. and the ability of Nannochloropsis sp. to absorb Cd concentrations. The methods used include DNA isolation, quantitative and qualitative DNA analysis, amplification of tufA gene, sequencing result analysis, phylogenetic tree analysis, and bioremediation test. The results of molecular characterization showed that Nannochloropsis sp. has similarities with N. oceanica strain BR2 plastid (CP044614.1) with 60% bootstrap value. Nannochloropsis sp. grew at different Cd concentration (0, 2, 4, and 6 ppm) but optimal at 0 ppm Cd concentration. Morphology of Nannochloropsis sp. showed morphological differences in the cell structure. The cell was broken and the color turned increasingly clear. Different concentrations of Cd metal on Nannochloropsis sp. growth significantly affected the decline in Nannochloropsis sp. growth. Nannochloropsis sp. has the potential to absorb heavy metal Cd with an efficiency that increases as the concentration reaching 62.6% at 6 ppm. It can be concluded that molecular characterization using the tufA marker was effective in showing that Nannochloropsis sp. had closed relation with N. oceanica strain BR2 plastids. Cadmium (Cd) exposure significantly reduced growth and caused cell damage, while Nannochloropsis sp. effectively adsorbed Cd and lowering Cd levels by 3.76 ppm.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INULINASE ENZYME-PRODUCING MICROBES FROM BANANA FRUIT (Musa paradisiaca) Yusuf, Hadistiyani; Wijanarka, Wijanarka
Agric Vol. 36 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian dan Bisnis, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24246/agric.2024.v36.i1.p39-52

Abstract

Inulinase (EC 3.2.1.80) is an enzyme that can hydrolyze inulin into fructose or fructo-oligosaccharides. Using the inulinase enzyme as a catalyst in making inulinase-based fructose can obtain a fructose percentage of 90-95 percent. Inulin is a linear polysaccharide (ß-2,1-linked d-fructose residue terminated by a glucose residue) that accumulates as a storage carbohydrate in plants. One natural source that can produce inulin is bananas. Bananas are a source of inulin which contains around 0.58-1.09 percent. This research used three types of bananas, including Musa X paradisiaca, Musa paradisiaca formatypica, Musa paradisiaca var sapientum. Apart from that, you can also find out the characteristics of the microbes and enzyme activity produced from the three types of bananas. The results of this research show that the three isolated types of banana are capable of producing the inulin ase enzyme which is indicated by the growth of these microbes in ISM media. ISM media (Inulinase Selective Media) is an inulinase mixing media where only inulin-producing microbes can grow on the media. The microbes isolated from the three types of bananas that had the highest inulinase enzyme activity value were Raja Nangka bananas with an enzyme activity value of 0.405 IU/mL. Meanwhile, the lowest inulinase enzyme activity value was in Kepok bananas with an enzyme activity value of 0.088 IU/mL.
Potensi Rizobakteri Pembentuk Endospora dari Brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) sebagai Agen Biokontrol Ralstonia solanacearum serta Biofertilizer Fauzaan, Muhammad Faishal; Wijanarka, Wijanarka; Kusdiyantini, Endang; Budiharjo, Anto; Ferniah, Rejeki Siti
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 24, No 2, Tahun 2022
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jis.%v.%i.%Y.210-226

Abstract

Penyakit Layu Bakteri merupakan penyakit tular tanah yang menyerang tanaman hortikultura yang disebabkan oleh bakteri fitopatogen Ralstonia solanacearum. Komunitas bakteri tanah yang menghuni rizosfer tanaman diketahui memiliki potensi yang baik dalam mendukung pertumbuhan maupun melindungi tanaman dari serangan patogen. Bakteri pembentuk endospora dipilih karena memiliki toleransi yang cukup bagus apabila dihadapkan dengan lingkungan yang tidak cocok bagi pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi isolat rizobakteri pembentuk endospora potensial sebagai agen biokontrol melawan R. solanacearum dari rizosfer brokoli sehat di lahan pertanian organik desa Kopeng Kabupaten Semarang serta mengetahui potensinya sebagai agen biofertilizer. Isolasi rizobakteri pembentuk endospora menggunakan metode spread plate; purifikasi isolat rizobakteri menggunakan metode streak plate, karakterisasi dengan uji pewarnaan Gram dan uji pewarnaan endospora, uji antibakteri melawan R. solanacearum menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer; identifikasi molekuler dengan gen 16S rRNA; konstruksi pohon filogenetik dan uji potensi biofertilizer berupa uji produksi IAA menggunakan reagen Salkowski, uji pelarutan fosfat menggunakan media Pikovskaya dan uji fiksasi nitrogen menggunakan media Nitrogen-free Bromothymol-blue. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 18 isolat rizobakteri pembentuk endospora; isolat RB5 memiliki potensi antibakteri dengan daya hambat kategori sedang (6 mm) dan teridentifikasi sebagai Bacillus subtilis strain FP.PT.1.1-CTCRI dengan nilai similaritas sebesar 98,10% serta mampu memroduksi IAA dan melarutkan fosfat tetapi tidak mampu memfiksasi nitrogen secara kualitatif.
Co-Authors Agung Suprihadi Aini, Riris Nur Anggoro, Naufal Sebastian Anto Budiharjo Ari Indrianto Ari Indrianto Ari Indrianto Ari Indrianto Arina Tri Lunggani Asy'ari, Mukhammad Ayuningtyas, Annisa Nur Azzahra, Meilidya Falkhiya Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Dewi Ayu Maryati Doktorasaintifika, Heradita Kaniaazzahra Dyah Wulandari Endang Kusdiyantini Endang Kusdiyantini Endang Kusdiyantini Endang Sutariningsih Endang Sutariningsih ENDANG SUTARININGSIH SOETARTO Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto Fathika Fitrania Fauzaan, Muhammad Faishal Fitri Ulfana Risky Fransenda, Auxensius Rexer Ginting, Ledy HARTAJANIE, LAKSMI Herida, Azalia Puspa Hermin Hermin Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum Ihdina Isfara Suteja Ika Anggraini Indra Bakti Sangalang Inggrit Amedia, Inggrit K Endang Kumala Dewi Kumala Dewi Kumala Dewi Kumala Dewi Lailatul Mubarokhah Laily Kurniawati Lindayani, Lindayani Lynda - Sutrisna Maria Sarah Fadillah Maulana, Anand Reyna Maulida Aglinia Mauritz Nicolaas Wattimena Mawarni, Risa Arum MG Isworo Rukmi Moch Ali Utomo Mochamad Hadi Muhammad Nur Muhammad Zainuri NANIK RAHMANI Nomeritae Nomeritae Noor Hamidah Nurhayati Nurhayati Pragati Wira Anggini Pratama Jujur Wibawa Putri S. Noor Rahmasari, Dianti Rahmasari, Dianti Rahmawati Dewi Rejeki Siti Ferniah Romario Dion Rudi Waluyo salamah salamah Sarjana Parman Sarsa A.N Shabrina, Jauhara Siti Maisaroh Siti Nur Jannah Sri Pujiyanto Sulis Setyowati, Sulis Susiana Purwantisari T. A. Lestari Tia Erfianti Tony Hadibarata, Tony Wahyuningsih, Candra YOPI YOPI Yusuf, Hadistiyani