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Analysis of Vitamin Content in Tropical Fruits Jumrah, Elfira
Hayyan Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Education and Talent Development Center of Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51574/hayyan.v1i1.1145

Fruits are pointed out as natural sources of antioxidants, playing protective roles against aging, and chronic and degenerative pathologies. In this review it is shown that virtually unknown edible tropical fruits present significantly higher antioxidant activity when compared to temperate fruits considered to be good sources of antioxidantsThe tropical fruits, namely, Psidium Guajava L, Mangifera Indica L, and Carica Papaya L, are tropical fruits that have many benefits for the human body. They are rich in vitamin C, with three times the amount found in oranges, ten times the quantity found in papaya, and thirty times that found in bananas. Papaya is one of the fruit commodities that can be used almost as much. Crystal guava is a tropical fruit that is known to contain a large amount of vitamin A, and can be consumed regularly as a good antioxidant. It has various health benefits, such as antioxidant properties, improving digestive health, helping to lose weight, relieving flu symptoms, maintaining eye health, and nourishing the skin. It is also known that mango is an important source of micronutrients, vitamins, and other phytochemicals. Mango is called mango plants originate from India. The fruit is rich in vitamins A, C, D, and E, and it is also rich in antioxidants. The content of vitamin C is also high. The antioxidant activity test of ethanolic extract from solanum family leaves using methanol is used to reduce inflammation and protect body cells from the effects of free radicals that have the potential to cause various diseases. Further research is needed to better know the content of vitamins and pharmaceutical science natural ingredients with the ultimate goal, fruits that can overcome various health problems.

Utilization of SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel) Electrophoresis in Protein Purification Jumrah, Elfira; Sudding, Sudding; Amalia Luqman, Alya; Zachrina, Dwiny; Khairunnisa, Rifqiani; Hardiyanti, Sri; Dwi Gladinda, Virginia
Hayyan Journal Vol. 1 No. 3 (2024): October
Publisher : Education and Talent Development Center of Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51574/hayyan.v1i3.1619

A protein can be identified based on each level of its structure. Every protein contains at least primary, secondary and tertiary structures. Only a few proteins have a quaternary structure as well. The primary structure consists of a linear chain of amino acids. One of the electric field-mediated separation methods that is often applied to analyze proteins based on their size is SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. This technique is based on the assumption that after denaturation, the polypeptide chains covered in SDS micelles have comparable surface charge densities, so that the resulting differences in electrical migration are based on their size. SDS-PAGE separates protein molecules based on their particle size and shape. This gel can be made with varying pore sizes which are determined based on the total amount of acrylamide compound added (gel concentration). The gel pore size will become smaller as the gel concentration increases so that only protein molecules that have a small molecular weight can pass through. This measure of the molecular weight of a protein is useful in mapping proteins (protein profiling). The gel staining used is bromophenol blue which functions to color proteins because it binds weakly to proteins. The higher the protein concentration of a sample being electrophoresed, the resulting band will appear clear and thick. However, if the protein concentration of a protein is low, the resulting band will appear thin.

Utilization of SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel) Electrophoresis in Protein Purification Jumrah, Elfira; Sudding, Sudding; Amalia Luqman, Alya; Zachrina, Dwiny; Khairunnisa, Rifqiani; Hardiyanti, Sri; Dwi Gladinda, Virginia
Hayyan Journal Vol. 1 No. 3 (2024): October
Publisher : Education and Talent Development Center of Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51574/hayyan.v1i3.1619

A protein can be identified based on each level of its structure. Every protein contains at least primary, secondary and tertiary structures. Only a few proteins have a quaternary structure as well. The primary structure consists of a linear chain of amino acids. One of the electric field-mediated separation methods that is often applied to analyze proteins based on their size is SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. This technique is based on the assumption that after denaturation, the polypeptide chains covered in SDS micelles have comparable surface charge densities, so that the resulting differences in electrical migration are based on their size. SDS-PAGE separates protein molecules based on their particle size and shape. This gel can be made with varying pore sizes which are determined based on the total amount of acrylamide compound added (gel concentration). The gel pore size will become smaller as the gel concentration increases so that only protein molecules that have a small molecular weight can pass through. This measure of the molecular weight of a protein is useful in mapping proteins (protein profiling). The gel staining used is bromophenol blue which functions to color proteins because it binds weakly to proteins. The higher the protein concentration of a sample being electrophoresed, the resulting band will appear clear and thick. However, if the protein concentration of a protein is low, the resulting band will appear thin.

Review Article: Phytochemical Screening and Potential Biological Activities of Lahuna Plants ( Chromolaena odorata L.) Jumrah, Elfira
Hayyan Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): February
Publisher : Education and Talent Development Center of Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51574/hayyan.v2i1.3129

Chromolaena odorata L., locally known as the Lahuna plant, is a tropical plant with great potential in traditional medicine. This study uses a qualitative approach method that critically examines the results of previous studies on the phytochemical content and potential biological activity of the Chromolaena odorata L. plant. This review article discusses the results of phytochemical screening and the potential biological activity of various secondary metabolite compounds contained in the plant, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. Various studies have shown that C. odorata has broad pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing agents. With its abundant bioactive content, this plant has great potential to be developed as a source of natural medicine. However, its clinical use still requires further scientific validation through toxicity tests, pharmacodynamics, and clinical trials. This article aims to provide a scientific basis for the potential of C. odorata in the field of phytopharmaceuticals and encourage further research for its development.

Analysis of Vitamin Content in Tropical Fruits Jumrah, Elfira
Hayyan Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Education and Talent Development Center of Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51574/hayyan.v1i1.1145

Fruits are pointed out as natural sources of antioxidants, playing protective roles against aging, and chronic and degenerative pathologies. In this review it is shown that virtually unknown edible tropical fruits present significantly higher antioxidant activity when compared to temperate fruits considered to be good sources of antioxidantsThe tropical fruits, namely, Psidium Guajava L, Mangifera Indica L, and Carica Papaya L, are tropical fruits that have many benefits for the human body. They are rich in vitamin C, with three times the amount found in oranges, ten times the quantity found in papaya, and thirty times that found in bananas. Papaya is one of the fruit commodities that can be used almost as much. Crystal guava is a tropical fruit that is known to contain a large amount of vitamin A, and can be consumed regularly as a good antioxidant. It has various health benefits, such as antioxidant properties, improving digestive health, helping to lose weight, relieving flu symptoms, maintaining eye health, and nourishing the skin. It is also known that mango is an important source of micronutrients, vitamins, and other phytochemicals. Mango is called mango plants originate from India. The fruit is rich in vitamins A, C, D, and E, and it is also rich in antioxidants. The content of vitamin C is also high. The antioxidant activity test of ethanolic extract from solanum family leaves using methanol is used to reduce inflammation and protect body cells from the effects of free radicals that have the potential to cause various diseases. Further research is needed to better know the content of vitamins and pharmaceutical science natural ingredients with the ultimate goal, fruits that can overcome various health problems.

Bioactive Potential of Endophytic Fungi from the Genus Aspergillus: A Comprehensive Review of Secondary Metabolites and Their Biological Activities jumrah, elfira
Hayyan Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Education and Talent Development Center of Indonesia (ETDC Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51574/hayyan.v2i3.4222

This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on the bioactive potential of endophytic fungi belonging to the genus Aspergillus, emphasizing their secondary metabolites and associated biological activities. A systematic literature search was conducted across major scientific databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, covering publications from January 2020 to October 2025. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria focusing on the isolation, metabolite characterization, and bioactivity evaluation of endophytic Aspergillus species. Relevant data on fungal species, host plants, metabolite classes, and biological functions were extracted, organized, and analyzed qualitatively using a thematic and comparative approach. The analysis revealed that Aspergillus species are prolific producers of diverse secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, polyketides, terpenoids, xanthones, and peptides, exhibiting a broad range of biological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antiparasitic effects. Key compounds such as gliotoxin, terrein, and vitexin demonstrate strong pharmacological properties and highlight the genus’s biotechnological significance. Overall, endophytic Aspergillus species represent an underexploited reservoir of natural bioactive compounds with high pharmaceutical and industrial relevance. Future research integrating genomics, metabolomics, and bioengineering is essential to unlock their full biosynthetic potential and advance sustainable drug discovery.

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