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Protease and Amylase Activities of Javaen barb (Systomus rubripinnis Val.) Untung Susilo; Farida Nur Rachmawati; Eko Setio Wibowo
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 7, No 1 (2022): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v7i1.15535

Studies on morphology, growth, and reproduction have been carried out on wild Javaen barb, but there was no information on its digestive capacity; therefore, the research was conducted to determine protease and amylase activities in the digestive tract. This study used a total of 50 barbs with body weights between 13.56 -128.93g / fish. The measurement of enzyme activity was carried out using the spectrophotometer method. The results showed that differences in fish size resulted in differences in protease activity, but not for amylase. Fish with a small size have a higher protease activity than fish with a larger size. The protease activity did not differ between pH 6.9 to 10.0 but was higher than pH 12.5. Protease activity also did not vary between the anterior and posterior intestine and between 30-50°C. Amylase activity also found no difference between the anterior and posterior intestine, but there was a difference in activity between temperatures of 30-50°C. In conclusion, protease activity occurs in a neutral to alkaline environment, and there were differences in protease activity between different body sizes but not between intestinal segments. Amylase activity occurs throughout the intestine and decreases at temperatures of 50°C.

LEUKOCYTE DIFFERENTIAL OF ANGUILLID EEL, Anguilla bicolor McClelland, EXPOSED TO VARIED SALINITIES Fita Fatimah; Farida Nur Rachmawati; Eko Setio Wibowo
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The anguillid eel is a catadromous eel capable of inhabiting freshwater growth habitat and seawater spawning habitat throughout their life cycle. At the juvenile to mature stage, they inhabit freshwater then migrate to marine water to spawn. Changes in salinity, which is one of the stressful environmental factors for the eel, affect their physiological condition by increasing the leukocytes number. This increase is an adaptation method to improve their immune system as a response to salinity change. This study intended to evaluate the leukocyte differential of anguillid eel (Anguilla bicolor McClelland) exposed to various salinities. This research applied a Completely Randomized Design. The treatment was three levels of saline media including 4 ppt, 15 ppt, and 30 ppt with five replicates. The independent variable was the different salinity, and the dependent variable was the leukocyte differential. The parameters measured consisted of the different percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils in which the measurements administered after two months of the eel exposure. We analyzed the data with ANOVA at the confidence level of 95%. The results showed that exposure of salinity significantly affected the percentage of leukocyte differential (P < 0.05). The increase in salinity decreased the neutrophils and monocytes, but increased the lymphocytes, and showed no effect on eosinophils.

Pengaruh Pakan Suplementasi Spirulina platensis dan Chlorella vulgaris terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Komposisi Tubuh Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) Sorta Basar Ida Simanjuntak; Indarmawan Indarmawan; Eko Setio Wibowo
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 36, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2019.36.2.724

Gurami adalah ikan air tawar yang mudah terinfeksi penyakit terutama pada cuaca dingin dan curah hujan tinggi, sehingga perlu dicari solusi untuk penanggulangannya. Ikan gurami merupakan ikan yang ukuran tubuhnya dapat mencapai 5 kg. Penelitian tentang suplementasi S. platensis dan C. vulgaris dengan dosis 6 g/kg pakan telah dilakukan pada ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.). Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pertumbuhan dan komposisi tubuh ikan gurami yang diberi pakan suplementasi S. platensis, C. vulgaris dan campuran S. platensis + C. vulgaris serta mendapatkan komposisi pakan terbaik meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan komposisi tubuh ikan gurami. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan enam perlakuan dan tiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Perlakuan yang dicobakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: K = ikan gurami diberi pakan Tubifex sp., Daphnia sp. dan pelet komersial; P1 = ikan gurami diberi pakan suplementasi S. platensis dan Tubifex sp.; P2 = ikan gurami diberi pakan suplementasi S. platensis dan Daphnia sp.; P3 = ikan gurami diberi pakan suplementasi C. vulgaris dan Tubifex sp.; P4 = ikan gurami diberi pakan suplementasi C. vulgaris dan Daphnia sp., P5 = ikan gurami diberi pakan suplementasi campuran S. platensis + C. vulgaris, Tubifex sp. dan Daphnia sp. Penelitian dilakukan selama 112 hari dan ikan diberi pakan dua kali sehari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan komposisi pakan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan komposisi tubuh ikan gurami serta perlakuan P1 yaitu pakan suplementasi S. platensis dan Tubifex sp. terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan komposisi tubuh ikan gurami. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa untuk budidaya gurami sebaiknya ikan gurami diberi pakan suplementasi S. platensis atau C. vulgaris.

Biosorption chrome (Cr) and dyes using biosorbent in the modified tea bag Sri Lestari; Ratna Stia Dewi; Eko Setio Wibowo; Atang `
Journal of Microbial Systematics and Biotechnology Vol 1, No 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Microbiology Division, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Biosorption has been known as a potential method in reducing heavy metals and dyes in wastewater, including chrome (Cr) and dyes contents of the wastewater from the batik industry. Straw and spent mushroom compost (SMC) are potential biosorbents due to cheap, abundant, and easily obtained. However, the effectivity of the biosorbents is not only depended upon the type of material but also their surface area. In this study, a modified tea bag was used to increase the surface area of the straw and spent mushroom compost to absorb Cr and dyes from the batik industry wastewater. The optimum of biosorbent ratio and pH in Cr absorption and dyes decolorization was measured. This experiment was conducted using Spilt Plot Design. The results showed that the highest Cr absorption was found at 0,0050 mg/g, and the percentage of decolorization was 68,92% in the biosorbent ratio of 3:1 and pH 5. Biosorbent packed in the tea bags modification was effective removes Cr and dyes in the batik industry wastewater.

Sexual Maturity and Macronutrient Contents in Diopatra sp. (Onuphidae, Polychaeta) Maintained at Different Salinity Levels Eko Setio Wibowo; Mellya Rizki Pitriani; Farida Nur Rachmawati; Untung Susilo; Eko Setiyono; Atang Atang; Phuping Sucharitakul; Joko Pamungkas
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 1 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.1.49-56

Diopatra sp. (Onuphidae, Polychaeta) is an economically important polychaete species commonly used as a fishing bait by local anglers in Cilacap, Central Java Province. Some biological aspects of this local species, however, have not been studied yet. The aim of this research was to see the effect of salinity levels on the sexual maturity and the macronutrient contents of the animals. Diopatra specimens in the present study were collected from the intertidal mangrove habitats of Jeruklegi Village, Cilacap, in sexually immature condition. The worms were then transported to the laboratory and were maintained in containers with four different salinity levels, i.e. 10, 15, 20 and 25 ppt over the next two months. The sexual maturity of the animals were observed based on the presence or absence of coelomic gametes. Proximate analysis was performed to determine macronutrient contents of the animals. The effect of salinity levels on the animals' sexual maturity and macronutrient contents was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results showed that salinity levels did not significantly affect the sexual maturity level of Diopatra worms (p > 0.05). Similarly, they did not affect the protein and fat contents, but impacted the carbohydrate content of the animals (p < 0.05). The protein and the fat contents in Diopatra sp., i.e. 41–43% and 6–9%, respectively, met the amount required to be used as shrimp broodstock and fish feeds. While the species has the potential for use in local aquaculture, the annual reproductive cycle as well as the identity of the species, however, require further research.

Sintasan dan pertumbuhan cacing Polychaeta Nereis sp. dari kawasan pertambakan Desa Jeruklegi Cilacap dengan salinitas media pemeliharaan dan jenis pakan berbeda Eko Setio Wibowo; Endah Sri Palupi; I G A Ayu Ratna Puspitasari; Atang Atang
Depik Vol 8, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstract. Polychaeta Nereis sp. is one of the natural foods that can trigger the maturation of shrimp gamete cells up to 70%, but the fulfillment of Nereis sp. still rely on the arrest from nature. This condition encourages the cultivation of Nereis sp., but knowledge of the biological aspects of Nereis sp. still very lacking, so it needs further research. This study aims to determine the survival and growth of Nereis sp. from Cilacap Jeruklegi area with different salinity and feed as basic information for the cultivation of Nereis sp. sustainable. The study was conducted experimentally with a randomized block design (RBD) method with six treatments including: S5PN (maintenance of Nereis sp. with 5 ppt salinity and feed with the main content of vegetable protein), S5PH (maintenance with salinity of 5 ppt and feed with the main content of animal protein), S15PN (maintenance of Nereis sp. With 15 ppt salinity and feed with the main content of vegetable protein), S15PH (maintenance with 15 ppt salinity and feed with the main content of animal protein), S25PN (maintenance of Nereis sp. With 25 ppt salinity and feed with main content of vegetable protein), S25PH (maintenance with 25 ppt salinity and feed with the main content of animal protein). The results showed that optimum salinity to support the survival of Nereis sp. It ranges from 5-15 ppt with animal and vegetable protein feed types. Nereis sp. Optimum growth. in the maintenance of 15 ppt salinity with animal protein feed types.Keywords: Nereis sp., Body weight, number of segments, Salinity, Feed Abstrak. Polychaeta Nereis sp. merupakan salah satu pakan alami yang mampu memicu pematangan sel gamet udang sampai 70%, tetapi pemenuhan kebutuhan Nereis sp. masih mengandalkan penangkapan dari alam. Kondisi ini mendorong adanya usaha budidaya Nereis sp., namun pengetahuan tentang aspek biologi Nereis sp. masih sangat kurang sehingga perlu penelitian lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui sintasan dan pertumbuhan Nereis sp. dari kawasan Jeruklegi Cilacap dengan salinitas pemeliharaan dan pakan yang berbeda sebagai informasi dasar untuk usaha pembudidayaan Nereis sp. yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan metode rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan enam perlakuan meliputi: S5PN (pemeliharaan Nereis sp. dengan salinitas 5 ppt dan pakan dengan kandungan utama protein nabati), S5PH (pemeliharaan dengan salinitas 5 ppt dan pakan dengan kandungan utama protein hewani), S15PN (pemeliharaan Nereis sp. dengan salinitas 15 ppt dan pakan dengan kandungan utama protein nabati), S15PH (pemeliharaan dengan salinitas 15 ppt dan pakan dengan kandungan utama protein hewani), S25PN (pemeliharaan Nereis sp. dengan salinitas 25 ppt dan pakan dengan kandungan utama protein nabati), S25PH (pemeliharaan dengan dengan salinitas 25 ppt dan pakan dengan kandungan utama protein hewani). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salinitas optimum untuk mendukung sintasan Nereis sp. Berkisar 5-15 ppt dengan jenis pakan berprotein hewani dan nabati. Pertumbuhan optimum Nereis sp. pada pemeliharaan salinitas 15 ppt dengan jenis pakan berprotein hewani.Kata Kunci: Nereis sp., berat tubuh, jumlah segmen, salinitas, pakan

Biological aspects of Diopatra sp. (Onuphidae, Polychaeta) collected from mangrove habitats of Jeruklegi, Cilacap Regency Eko Setio Wibowo; IGA Ayu Ratna Puspitasari; Atang Atang; Joko Pamungkas
Depik Vol 11, No 3 (2022): DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Diopatra species are members of the family Onuphidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) that are widely used as fishing bait. These tubicolous worms are common in particular mangrove areas of Cilacap. However, biological aspects of Diopatra sp. inhabiting the areas have not been studied. In the present work, we investigated several biological aspects of the worms, including the segment number, the body weight and the sex ratio, based on Diopatra samples collected from four mangrove habitats of Jeruklegi Village, Cilacap Regency, between June and July 2021. The results show that the average numbers of segments of Diopatra sp. obtained ranged from 195 to 216 segments, whereas the average body weights ranged from 2.03 to 3.12 g, and the average sex ratios ranged from 0.5 to 1.3. In general, the biological aspects of Diopatra sp. between sampling sites were relatively similar; this can be attributed to the similar environmental conditions at all sampling sites, including salinity (25–32 ppt), water temperature (30–32 oC), dissolved oxygen (6.4–8.8 ppm) and pH (7). While Diopatra worm farming is necessary so that local people do not rely on natural catch, a further taxonomic study is required to reveal the identity of this economically important local species.Keywords:Biological aspectDiopatraMangrove habitatPolychaetesTubicolous worms

Digestive Enzyme Activities in Barred Loach (Nemacheilus fasciatus, Val., 1846.): Effect of pH and Temperature Untung Susilo; Farida Nur Rachmawati; Eko Setio Wibowo; Ristiandani R. Pradhyaningrum; Koni Okthalina; Muthiara N. A. Mulyani
Molekul Vol 17 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.2.5557

This study aims to determine the total protease, lipase, and amylase activities at different pHs, as well as pepsin and trypsin-like at different temperatures. A total of 240 individuals have been used in this study. Enzyme activity was measured by the spectrophotometer method. The effect of pH was evaluated on protease, lipase, and amylase activity, while the effect of temperature was evaluated on pepsin and trypsin-like activities.The results showed that the total protease activity at pH 7.0-10.0 was significantly higher than pH 1.7-5.0 (P <0.05). Furthermore, the activity of lipase was significantly higher at pH 5.0-7.0 than pH 1.7, 3.4, and 10.0. Also, the activity of amylase at pH 7.0-8.0 was significantly higher (p <0.05) than pH 1.7-5.0 and pH 10.0. Moreover, the pepsin-like activity in the anterior gut was significantly higher (p <0.05) than the posterior gut.Conversely, trypsin-like activity in the posterior gut was significantly higher (p <.05) than the anterior gut. Additionally, the pepsin-like activity was significantly higher at 45°C compared to different temperatures (p <0.05), whereas trypsin-like was significantly (p <0.05) higher at 60 °C than othertemperatures. Conclusively, the total protease and amylase activity was higher under neutral to slightly alkaline conditions, while lipase was higher under acidic to neutral conditions. Furthermore, the pepsin-like activity was only found in the anterior gut, whereas trypsin-like was higher in the posterior gut. The optimal temperature for pepsin-like and trypsin-like activity was 45 °C and 60 °C, respectively.

Potensi Kandungan Makro Nutrisi Polychaeta Diopatra sp. dari Kawasan Manggrove Jeruklegi Kabupaten Cilacap Sebagai Pakan Udang Eko Setio Wibowo; Atang Atang; Endah Sri Palupi; Eko Setiyono; Untung Susilo
Buletin Oseanografi Marina Vol 12, No 3 (2023): Buletin Oseanografi Marina
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/buloma.v12i3.53045

Polychaeta Diopatra sp. banyak ditemukan di daerah kawasan mangrove Cilacap dan banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai umpan. Pengambilan polychaeta secara masif dari habitatnya untuk tujuan komersial dianggap tidak berkelanjutan bagi lingkungan, karena berkontribusi pada menipisnya sumber daya alam. Pemanfaatan cacing ini sebagai umpan sudah banyak dilakukan tetapi masih belum banyak informasi tentang kandungan nutrisinya, sehingga perlu dilakukan studi tentang kandungan nutrisi cacing Diopatra sp untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan pakan udang di wilayah ini sebagai informasi usaha pengembangan budidaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di daerah mangrove Jeruklegi kabupaten Cilacap dalam empat stasiun dengan tiga titik pengambilan sampel dan pengulangan tiga kali setiap dua minggu sekali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan nutrien cacing Diopatra sp. dari empat stasiun pengambilan tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05), dengan kandungan protein rata-rata 51,07-53,66%, kandungan lemak rata-rata 6,46-9,52% dan kandungan rata-rata karbohidrat 6,47-7,55%. Kandungan makronutrien Diopatra sp. berpotensi menjadi bahan baku pakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan protein dan lemak budidaya udang dan ikan. Polychaeta Diopatra sp. is commonly found in the Cilacap mangrove area and widely used as bait. Massive exploitation of polychaeta from their habitat for commercial purposes is considered unsustainable for the environment, as it contributes to the depletion of natural resources. The use of these worms as bait has been widely carried out but there is still not much information about their nutritional content, so it is necessary to study the nutritional content of Diopatra sp. worms to be used as shrimp feed ingredients in this region as information on aquaculture development efforts. This research was conducted by survey method. Sampling was carried out in the Jeruklegi mangrove area, Cilacap district in four stations with three sampling points and repeated three times every two weeks. The results showed that the nutrient content of Diopatra sp. from the four sampling stations was not significantly different (p>0.05), with an average protein content of 51.07-53.66%, an average fat content of 6.46-9.52% and an average carbohydrate content of 6.47-7.55%. Diopatra sp.'s macronutrient content can potentially be a raw material for feed to meet the protein and fat needs of shrimp and fish farming.

Biological aspects of Diopatra sp. (Onuphidae, Polychaeta) collected from mangrove habitats of Jeruklegi, Cilacap Regency Eko Setio Wibowo; IGA Ayu Ratna Puspitasari; Atang Atang; Joko Pamungkas
Depik Vol 11, No 3 (2022): DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.11.3.25787

Diopatra species are members of the family Onuphidae (Polychaeta, Annelida) that are widely used as fishing bait. These tubicolous worms are common in particular mangrove areas of Cilacap. However, biological aspects of Diopatra sp. inhabiting the areas have not been studied. In the present work, we investigated several biological aspects of the worms, including the segment number, the body weight and the sex ratio, based on Diopatra samples collected from four mangrove habitats of Jeruklegi Village, Cilacap Regency, between June and July 2021. The results show that the average numbers of segments of Diopatra sp. obtained ranged from 195 to 216 segments, whereas the average body weights ranged from 2.03 to 3.12 g, and the average sex ratios ranged from 0.5 to 1.3. In general, the biological aspects of Diopatra sp. between sampling sites were relatively similar; this can be attributed to the similar environmental conditions at all sampling sites, including salinity (25–32 ppt), water temperature (30–32 oC), dissolved oxygen (6.4–8.8 ppm) and pH (7). While Diopatra worm farming is necessary so that local people do not rely on natural catch, a further taxonomic study is required to reveal the identity of this economically important local species.Keywords:Biological aspectDiopatraMangrove habitatPolychaetesTubicolous worms

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