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All Journal INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIETY REVIEWS (INJOSER) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS (IJEFE) International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Mohd Syahrin
Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali, Brunei Darussalam
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences

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FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR STARTUPS IN THE DIGITAL ERA Erwin; Teti Anggita Safitri; Alfiana; Mohd Syahrin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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Financial Risk Management Strategy for Startups in the Digital Age is an integrated approach used by startup companies to identify, mitigate, and manage financial risks arising in a dynamic digital environment. The strategy includes developing realistic budgets and financial projections, investing in cybersecurity and insurance, and diversifying revenue. The aim is to increase the company's resilience to market fluctuations and digital threats, and achieve sustainable business growth. The study conducted in this research uses the literature research method. The results show that there are three main strategies that can help startups manage financial risks. First, realistic budgeting and financial projections help startups monitor expenses and identify funding needs at each stage of development. Second, investing in adequate cybersecurity and insurance is crucial to protect business and customer data from digital threats and reduce potential financial losses due to data breaches or system failures. Thirdly, revenue diversification helps startups to be more resilient to market fluctuations, allowing companies to be more adaptive and proactive in managing risks.
MICROFINANCE AS A TOOL FOR ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF THE UNDERPRIVILEGED Erwin; A. Hamid; Mohd Syahrin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
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Microfinance is a financial service aimed at individuals or small businesses that typically do not have access to conventional banking and financial services. It aims to promote economic independence and reduce poverty by providing credit, savings, insurance, and other financial services to small businesses and low- income individuals. These services assist them in starting or expanding their businesses, increasing their income, and gradually improving their standard of living. The research method conducted in this study is the literature research method. The results of the literature review show that microfinance has significant potential in supporting entrepreneurial activities, increasing income, and reducing poverty. Furthermore, microfinance has proven to be effective in enhancing women's economic capacity, giving them access to financial resources that were previously unreachable. However, its effectiveness depends on a number of factors such as programme design, local economic conditions, and the level of financial literacy of the recipients. The research also identified several challenges, including the risk of over-indebtedness and financial instability for borrowers.
EVALUATION OF RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN PROFIT OPTIMIZATION IN THE BANKING SECTOR Adhista Setyarini; Ziko Hamdi; Mohd Syahrin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): MAY
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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This study aims to evaluate risk management strategies in profit optimization efforts in the banking sector. The findings reveal that the implementation of a reliable risk management strategy is able to contribute significantly to increasing profitability and financial stability of banks. Solid risk management helps in identifying, measuring, and managing various potential risks that could potentially threaten the bank's financial performance. Successful risk management enables banks to minimize potential losses and maximize opportunities, ultimately increasing profits in a sustainable manner. This study confirms the importance of integrating risk management into a bank's business strategy. Risk management is not only needed as a protection tool, but also as an important component in strategic decision-making. By incorporating risk considerations in day-to-day activities, banks can make more informed and timely decisions, which in turn helps reduce uncertainty and improve operational efficiency. The role of technology and data analytics is also highlighted, as it improves the accuracy of risk prediction and evaluation. The utilization of advanced technology enables banks to respond to risks quickly and effectively, thereby preventing negative impacts on financial performance. The implementation of technology-based risk management systems enhances transparency and accountability, which increases stakeholder confidence in bank management. In addition, compliance with dynamic regulations is also an important factor in the risk management strategy. Stringent regulations encourage banks to continuously adapt and refine their risk management framework. Compliance with regulatory rules not only avoids sanctions but also builds a good reputation in the eyes of investors and customers.
A NEW ERA OF ECONOMICS: DIVING INTO THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ON GLOBAL MARKET STRUCTURES Loso Judijanto; Sulfianty; Mohd Syahrin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS Vol. 1 No. 4 (2024): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS (IJEFE)
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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Digital transformation has given birth to a new era of economics that is changing the structure and dynamics of the global market. Advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and data analytics are facilitating innovation and operational efficiency across various industry sectors. These changes not only affect the way companies operate but also shift consumer expectations and redefine traditional business models. This paper explores the impact of digital transformation on the global market structure and illustrates the adaptations required by companies to remain competitive and relevant.
SOCIAL ECONOMIC LAW AND PUBLIC POLICY INNOVATION: AN ANALYSIS OF RECENT LITERATURE Loso Judijanto; Mohd Syahrin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS Vol. 1 No. 5 (2024): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS (IJEFE)
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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The integral relationship between social economy law and public policy innovation, two disciplines that are increasingly relevant in the face of contemporary economic and social challenges. Recent literature shows that combining the principles of social economy law with innovations in public policy making can lead to more effective, inclusive, and adaptive approaches. Social economic law offers a normative framework orientated towards social justice while maintaining economic stability, while public policy innovation introduces creative and participatory methods that allow policies to be more responsive to changing social dynamics. This combination is identified as an effective way to develop evidence- based policies that prioritise sustainability and inclusiveness, and are able to address future challenges with a holistic approach.
BEST RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PRACTICES BASED ON HRM LITERATURE REVIEW Loso Judijanto; Hadenan Towpek; Mohd Syahrin
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS Vol. 1 No. 7 (2025): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS (IJEFE)
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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This research explores recruitment and selection best practices based on a literature review in the field of Human Resource Management (HRM). The main objective of this research is to identify effective approaches in securing the right talent and improving the efficiency of the recruitment process. The method used involved analysing various literatures. The results of the study show that the development of clear and detailed job descriptions is a crucial first step in attracting candidates that match the needs of the organisation. Furthermore, the use of technology such as application tracking systems (ATS) and social media is proven to increase the reach and efficiency of the recruitment process. Assessments through competency-based interview methods, psychometric tests, and practical skills assessments provide comprehensive information on candidates' abilities and cultural fit. Multi-stakeholder participation in the evaluation process helps ensure objectivity and fairness in selection. Implementation of these practices can reduce turnover costs, improve recruitment quality, and support long- term growth through competent and motivated human resources.
INNOVATIONS IN LEGAL MANAGEMENT: TRANSFORMING THE ROLE OF LAW DEPARTMENTS IN ORGANISATIONS Latif Karim; Sigit Pandu Cahyono; Mohd Syahrin
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): MAY
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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In an era of digital revolution where interconnectivity and globalisation are growing at a rapid pace, innovation in legal management has become a necessity for every organisation to survive in the midst of fierce competition and comply with increasingly complex regulations. Legal departments that used to focus on reactive roles such as dispute resolution and fulfilling minimum obligations are now transforming into more strategic and proactive entities. The implementation of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, data analytics and automation has changed the way law departments work, enabling increased efficiency, reduced costs and a focus on value-added activities. Globalisation and increasing regulatory complexity require law departments to have rapid adaptability and a deep understanding of the laws of various jurisdictions. The role of the legal department has expanded from a mere compliance watchdog to a strategic business partner capable of responding responsively to changing regulations and market dynamics. However, this transformation is faced with obstacles such as internal resistance to change, limited resources, and the challenge of integrating new technology into existing systems. The success of legal management innovation depends on effective strategy, visionary leadership, and appropriate investment in human resources and technology. In conclusion, to achieve effective and innovative legal management, an organisation needs to overcome these constraints through a strategic and progressive approach. By creating an enabling environment for innovation and growth, legal can act as a strategic partner that not only ensures compliance and risk management but also supports the sustainable achievement of business objectives.
STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE LAW IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: A LITERATURE ANALYSIS OF THE MANAGEMENT, SUPERVISION, AND ACCOUNTABILITY OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES AS INSTRUMENTS OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROFIT-ORIENTED ECONOMIC ENTITIES — A LITERATURE REVIEW Shohib Muslim; Hadenan Towpek; Mohd Syahrin
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 2 No. 11 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
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State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) occupy a strategic position as instruments of national development and profit-oriented economic entities, making good governance a key prerequisite for realising this dual function. This study is a literature review that analyses SOE law from the perspective of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), focusing on the aspects of SOE management, supervision and accountability. Through a normative literature analysis of Law No. 19 of 2003 on SOEs, KNKG guidelines, and OECD GCG principles, this study identifies that the formal structure of SOE organs is in line with the principle of separation of functions, but the practice of organ appointment, political intervention, and weak supervisory independence remain major obstacles. SOE accountability requires the integration of public and private law norms, with the business judgement rule and fiduciary duty principles as pillars of legal protection for the Board of Directors as well as a guarantee of state interests. In conclusion, strengthening GCG through regulatory reform, professionalisation of management bodies, and external oversight synergy is necessary to ensure that SOEs can carry out their dual roles effectively and sustainably.
INDONESIA'S ECONOMIC STRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION 2026: FROM DEFENSIVE STABILITY TO ACCELERATED UPSTREAM PROCESSING AND AN INCLUSIVE DIGITAL ECONOMY Mohd Syahrin; Muhani
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 2 No. 12 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
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This article analyses the transformation of Indonesia's economic structure in 2026, which will shift from a defensive stability strategy—with stable GDP growth of 5.11 per cent in 2025—towards accelerating upstream processing (mineral, energy and agricultural downstreaming) and an inclusive digital economy as pillars of national sovereignty. The method used in this study is a literature review. The results show that the downstreaming programme targets Rp3,464.5 trillion in investment to create 1 million jobs and USD50 billion in added value, while the digital ecosystem targets USD146 billion in the digitisation of 20 million MSMEs and equitable access in 3T regions. The integration of these two pillars, supported by the PDP Law regulations and Industry 4.0 upskilling, has the potential to increase the contribution of digital manufacturing to GDP to 35 per cent by 2030, although the challenges of regional disparities and human resources need to be addressed through the synergy of the state budget and green growth engines to achieve the 8 per cent growth target and Indonesia Emas.
Co-Authors A. Hamid Adhista Setyarini Al-Amin Al-Amin Alfiana Amândio de Araújo Sarmento Anggi Setya Prayoga Erwin Erwin Erwin Felina C Young Hadenan Towpek Hydzulkifli Bin Haji Hashim Indah Sulistiani Iyad Abdallah Al- Shreifeen Jeferson Siahaan Latif Karim Loso Judijanto Melyana R Pugu Melyana R Pugu Miranu Triantoro Moh. Yamin Darsyah Mohamad Khairi Bin Haji Othman Mohammad Taqiuddin Mohamad Muhammad Syafri Muhani Nahot Tua Parlindungan Sihaloho Novianty Djafri Nurdin I. Muhammad Shohib Muslim Sigit Pandu Cahyono Sulfianty Sulistiani, Indah Syarifuddin Syarifuddin Syarifuddin Teti Anggita Safitri, Teti Anggita Ziko Hamdi