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Journal : Harmoni

KOBHUNG, GENDER, AND RELIGION: HUSBAND AND WIFE POWER RELATIONS IN MADURESE CULTURE Umiarso el-Rumi; Atiqullah Atiqullah
Harmoni Vol. 18 No. 2 (2019): Juli-Desember 2019
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Guidance for Religious Societies and Religious Services, the Research and Development and Education and Training Agency of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia (MORA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (542.533 KB) | DOI: 10.32488/harmoni.v18i2.370

Abstract

Salah satu keunikan masyarakat Madura sampai saat ini adalah konsep kobhung yang menjadi tempat penting untuk aktivitas keagamaan maupun mengawasi aktivitas anggota keluarga. Walaupun ada fungsi lain yaitu fungsi ekonomi maupun sosial yang dimainkan oleh kobhung tersebut. Riset ini membahas peran kobhung di tengah kebudayaan Madura; yang posisinya berada di sebelah Barat (kiblat) taneyanlanjheng (halaman panjang) di setiap permukiman penduduk. Ia berfungsi sebagai pusat aktivitas laki-laki (suami) untuk melakukan transfer nilai religi kepada anak-anak atau isteri mereka. Di sisi lain, ia juga sebagai simbol pengawasan dan kontrol (panopticon) keluar-masuk anggota keluarga, terutama laki-laki (suami) atas perempuan (istri). Hal ini terlegitimasi oleh tradisi patriarkal di masyarakat Madura yang tercermin dalam konsep bhupa’, bhabhu, ghuru, rato sangat kental. Konsep ini merupakan sebuah referential standard kepatuhan masyarakat Madura terhadap figur-figur utama secara hirarkis. Oleh sebab itu, riset ini mengurai dinamika budaya dan upaya istri dalam memposisikan diri mereka di tengah budaya patriarkhi. Riset ini lebih masuk pada jenis kualitatif fenomenologi yang meneropong dinamika relasi suami-istri tersebut melalui peran kobhung. Koleksi data yang digunakan adalah tehnik interview dan observasi; sedangkan analisis data memakai analisis interaktif Miles dan Hubermann. Riset ini menemukan bahwa perempuan di panagguan tidak bisa lepas dari konsep “tri aksi”, antara lain: adhandhan, arembi’, dan amassa’(merawat diri, melahirkan, dan memasak). Konsep ini merupakan wujud dari pengabdian dirinya atas keluarga yang diyakini sebagai kodrat (takdir). Karenanya, mereka sama sekali tidak menggugat; bahkan ia menerima dengan lapang dada tentang perannya di dalam rumah tangga. Kata Kunci: Kobhung, TaneyanLanjheng, Panoptikon One of the uniqueness of the Madurese community until now is the concept of kobhung which has become an important place for religious activities and oversees the activities of family members. Although there are other functions, namely the economic and social functions played by the kobhung. This research discusses the role of kobhung among Madura culture; whose position is in the west (qibla) taneyan lanjheng (long yard) in each residential area. It functions as a center for male (husband) activity to transfer religious values to their children or their wives. On the other hand it functions as a symbol of supervision and control (panopticon) of family members, especially men (husbands) over women (wives). This is legitimized by the patriarchal tradition in the Madurese community which is reflected in the concepts of bhupa’, bhabhu , ghuru, rato that was very thick. This concept is a referential standard of Madurese compliance with hierarchical main figures. Therefore, this research outlines the cultural dynamics and the efforts of the wives in positioning themselves during patriarchal culture. This research is more into the qualitative type of phenomenology that looks at the dynamics of the husband-wife relationship through the role of kobhung. The data collection used was interview and observation techniques; while data analysis used the interactive analysis by Miles and Hubermann. This research found that women in Panagguan cannot be separated from the concept of “three-action”, among others: adhandhan, arembi’, and amassa’ (taking care of themselves, giving birth, and cooking). This concept is a manifestation of the devotion to the family which is believed to be natural (destiny). Therefore, they don’t sue at all; they even received gracefully about their role in the household. Keywords: Kobhung, Taneyan Lanjheng, Panopticon
THE PARADOX OF MUSLIM IDENTITY REPRESENTATION IN COMEDIC CONTENT: A NETNOGRAPHIC STUDY OF STEREOTYPES OF MUSLIM WOMEN ON INSTAGRAM Tahir, Muhammad; Agustin, Riska Dwi; el-Rumi, Umiarso
Harmoni Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023): Juli-Desember 2023
Publisher : Research and Development Center for Guidance for Religious Societies and Religious Services, the Research and Development and Education and Training Agency of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia (MORA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32488/harmoni.v22i2.715

Abstract

This article attempts to analyze gender stereotypes that portray Muslim women as subjects of ridicule and mockery on social media, especially on Instagram. These stereotypes depict Muslim women as arrogant, selfish, troublemakers, and unintelligent. Based on this focus, this research aims to interpret gender stereotypes on Instagram through the assimilation of comedic content. The study employs a qualitative approach with netnography to understand and interpret these dynamics. Research data is collected through content observation on Instagram and a review of previous studies. Data analysis is conducted using an interactive data analysis model. The research finds that gender stereotypes in the virtual space stem from paradigmatic social gender biases in the real world. These biases are used as material for designing comedic content on Instagram that mocks and ridicules Muslim women. The economic motives of Instagram account owners primarily drive stereotypes in the virtual space. The representation of Muslim identity depicted is far from gender consciousness. This situation creates a paradox between reinforcing the authenticity of Muslim women and the virtualization of their reality in various activities. Literacy and gender awareness based on the theological values of account owners offer a solution to address the paradox of Muslim identity representation.