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Journal : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE

THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF INDONESIA'S CYBER RESILIENCE: STRATEGIC GAPS IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR AND CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN FACING ADVANCED PERSISTENT THREATS (APTS) Afif, Muhammad Fawwaz; Sumadinata, R. Widya Setiabudi; Wibawa, Satriya
International Journal of Cultural and Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Cultural and Social Science
Publisher : Pena Cendekia Insani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53806/ijcss.v7i1.1275

Abstract

This research focuses on analyzing cybersecurity threats to Indonesia in the context of digital political-economic transformation, particularly following the implementation of nickel downstreaming policies and the strengthening of Indonesia's position in the global supply chain for critical minerals. This study aims to examine the structural linkages between national industrial policy, the escalation of Advanced Persistent Threats (APT) activity, the failure of public-private partnerships, stagnant cybersecurity regulations, and the limitations of Indonesia's cyber diplomacy in responding to transnational threats. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, relying on analysis of policy documents, cyber threat intelligence reports from 2023-2025, academic publications, and critical reviews of strategic events such as the ransomware attack on the Temporary National Data Center. The results indicate that the cyber threats facing Indonesia are systemic and rooted in global political-economic dynamics, where downstreaming policies and dependence on foreign technology create strategic incentives for foreign actors to conduct cyber espionage against strategic industrial sectors. This study also finds weak public-private collaboration due to a trust deficit, regulatory uncertainty, and the absence of incentives for incident reporting, which leads to the state's partial blindness in understanding the national threat landscape. Furthermore, the stagnation of the Cybersecurity and Resilience Bill and the limitations of regional cyber diplomacy highlight the gap between the rhetoric of digital sovereignty and the operational capacity of states. The implications of this research emphasize the urgency of strengthening integrated cybersecurity governance, regulatory reform that balances security and civil rights, and reorienting public-private partnerships as the foundation of cyber resilience.
Co-Authors Adhadi Astuti, Woro Palupi Affan Sulaeman Afif Ginanjar Afif, Muhammad Fawwaz Akim Antika, Meli Arfin Sudirman Ari Ganjar Herdiansah Arie Surya Gutama, Arie Surya Arry Bainus, Arry Asep Hegantara Budiman Rusli Caroline Paskarina Darmawan, Wawan Budi Deasy Silvya Sari Deasy Sylvia Sari Dina Y Sulaeman Dina Yulianti Dina Yulianti Elisa Susanti Eljatin, M. Azim Jabar Esty Fidhela Muliawati Fahmy Iss Wahyudy Fathullah Syahrul Gemayasa Kurnia Putra Ginar Maulana Hakiki, Falhan Hermansyah Putra Hermansyah Putra, Hermansyah Heru Nurasa Ida Widianingsih Iriansyah, Mochammad Nurdi Karina Saphira Khairunnas, Khairunnas Kurnia Kurnia Leo Agustino Leo Agustino Leyla Qarayeva M. Khoirul Malik Manuhutu, Khrisna Ariyanto Mas Halimah Mohammad Benny Alexandri Mudiyati Rahmatunnisa Mudiyati Rahmatunnisa Muhammad Fedryansyah, Muhammad Muhammad Rizki Joyonegoro Muradi - Muradi Muradi Mustika, Anne Ratna Nabilaputri, Febrie Fitria Nova Iriansyah Nunung Nurwati Otong Sulaeman Pasaribu, Tota Ramson Siagian Ratnasari, Novi Eka Rizkiah Rizkiah Rusnadiah Rusnadiah Satriya Wibawa, I Made Shela Marlian Sinta Ningrum Siti Sofro Sidiq Suganti, Yogi Suprayogi Sulaeman, Affan Syahrul, Fathullah Syaiful Huda Sylvia Aprillia Taufik Hidayat Teguh Anggoro Tota Pasaribu Tota Pasaribu Tulus Santoso, Tulus Tumpal Silitonga Tumulo, Lukman Yusuf Wawan Budi Darmawan Wawan Darmawan Wawan Purwandi Willya Achmad Wirawan, Lukman Hadi Woro Palupi Adhadi Astuti Yanyan M. Yani Yanyan M. Yani, Yanyan M. Yanyan Mochamad Yani Yogi Suprayogi Sugandi Yusa Djuyandi Yusuf, Dedi