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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biodjati
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
ISSN : 25481606     EISSN : 25414208     DOI : 10.15575/biodjati
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 482 Documents
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Characteristics and Abundance of Large Microplastics in Sediments in Wonorejo Mangrove Tourism Area, Surabaya Estina; Yona, Defri; Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i1.39429

Abstract

Microplastic (MP) pollution is a growing environmental concern due to its persistence in aquatic ecosystems. Among MPs, large microplastics (1–5 mm) originate from the degradation of larger plastic debris and pose ecological risks. However, research on their accumulation in mangrove sediments remains limited. This study investigates the characteristics, abundance, and spatial distribution of large microplastics in the Wonorejo Mangrove Tourism Area, Surabaya, which receives plastic waste transported by the Wonorejo River. Surface sediment samples were collected from three stations, followed by drying, sieving, visual inspection, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for polymer identification. The results indicate that film-type microplastics were the most abundant (72%), followed by fragments (23%) and pellets (5%). Transparent microplastics (38%) were the dominant color, followed by blue (26%). The highest microplastic concentration was recorded at Station 2 (130.7 ± 73.5 particles/kg), while Station 1 had the lowest (2.7 ± 2.7 particles/kg). Despite these variations, statistical analysis showed no significant differences in microplastic distribution among stations, suggesting a relatively homogeneous spatial pattern across the study area. FTIR analysis identified two dominant polymers: polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), commonly used in consumer and industrial products. The predominance of film-type microplastics and transparent coloration suggests that the primary sources of contamination are plastic bags and food packaging waste transported by river currents. These findings underscore the role of mangrove ecosystems as critical retention zones for plastic pollution, highlighting the urgent need for improved waste management strategies to mitigate microplastic accumulation in coastal environments.
The Effect of Prohexadione-Ca on Starch Content of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) G0 Median in Medium Plains Dewi Hernawati; Tati Krinstanti; Edi Kusnadi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i1.39555

Abstract

The research conducted is entitled "The Effect of Prohexadione-Ca Concentration on Potato Plant (Solanum tuberosum) G0 Medians Cultivar Tubers in Medium Plains". This study aims to determine the effect of Prohexadione-Ca concentration on potato plant (Solanum tuberosum) G0 Medians Cultivars tubers in Medium Plains and to determine the concentration of Prohexadione-Ca to produce the best quality starch content. This research was conducted at the Rancabango screen house, Tarogong Kaler District, Garut Regency, from July to October 2023. The research method used was an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using 4 treatments, namely Prohexadione-Ca concentration of 0 ppm (Control), 100 ppm, 150 ppm, and 200 ppm. The parameters measured in this study were two types of parameters, namely supporting and main parameters. Supporting parameters include chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate, and stomatal conductance, while the main parameter is the potato tuber starch content. The benefits of this research are determining the best quality results of potato tubers from the aspect of potato starch content by planting with the best concentration of prohexadione. The study showed an effect on the potato tuber starch content by administering Prohexadione-Ca. The most effective administration of Prohexadione-Ca to produce the quality of potato tuber starch content in medium plains is at a concentration of 100 ppm with a starch content of 9.35%.
Understanding The Structural Tissue of Pectoral Finless Albino African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Originating From Pond Cultivation Farikhah; Aminin; Trisna Rama Dani; Ami Maghfironi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i1.39863

Abstract

The loss of pectoral fin is an undesirable trait always found in almost all catfish breeding programmes in Indonesia, so further investigation is needed to clarify this problem. This study aims to describe albinism in fish with pectoral fin deformity from an immunohistochemical perspective by evaluating the correlation between two proteins (TBX5 protein and TYR protein) from eye and skin tissues. We used an individual albino fish (TL = 42 cm) found by local farmers in the Kebomas district, Gresik, to study the histological differences between albino fish without pectoral fins and black fish with regular pectoral fins using descriptive methods. The histotechniques using HE staining followed the Bioscience Laboratory, and the immunohistochemical staining was performed according to the Biomedical Laboratory procedure at Brawijaya University. The slides were scanned using Aperio Scanning CS2. Morphological structure differences determination used a t-test (α = 0.05). Spearman's rank correlation assessed the relationship between fin morphology and albinism. The results showed significant differences between the skin and retinal thickness of the two fish (p <0.05), and the total retinal thickness of albino fish without pectoral fins was significantly thinner than that of regular fish. Rank correlations showed a positive association between pectoral fin loss and reduced skin and eye histology. The histochemical studies indicated that TBX5 is an important factor in pigmentation and fin development, but additional factors may disrupt TYR regulation in albino fish. The results of this study provide further evidence for considering pectoral fin phenotype as one of the evaluation factors to make the success of a breeding program.
Leaf Functional Traits Diversity of Mango Wild Relatives (Mangifera spp.) Fesy Antina; Kasrina; Vandra Kurniawan; Wiguna Rahman; Suluh Normasiwi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i1.42389

Abstract

There are 69 species of Mangifera distributed worldwide, and approximately 35-40 of these species are found in tropical Asia. This widespread distribution naturally affects the functional characteristics of Mangifera species. This research aims to determine the variation in leaf functional traits of Mangifera species based on their subgenus (Mangifera and Limus) and the differences in elevation locations (Bogor Botanical Garden/lowland and Cibodas Botanical Garden/highland). The leaf's functional traits were measured through ten parameters: Fresh Weight (FW), Dry Weight (DW), Leaf Area (LA), Specific Leaf Weight (SLW), Specific Leaf Area (SLA), Leaf Dry Matter Content (LDMC), Chlorophyll Content (CC), Stomata Density (SD), Stomata Length (SL), and Stomata Width (SW). The observational data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation, One-Way ANOVA, and Post Hoc Test with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed differences in Mangifera species' leaf functional traits between subgenus and locations. It was observed that DW, LA, SLA, and CC were higher in the subgenus Mangifera than in the subgenus Limus. The results also show that the SLW, SLA, LDMC, and CC values are influenced by altitude. The differences in the functional traits of Mangifera species are driven by environmental factors that induce phenotypic changes through plasticity, reflecting their adaptation to different environments.
Herpetofauna Community in The Karst Area of Pucung Village, Eromoko District, Wonogiri Regency Muhammad Fakhri Aji Syahputra; Galuh Masyithoh; Ike Nurjuita Nayasilana
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i1.44404

Abstract

Pucung Village is located in Eromoko District, Wonogiri Regency, part of the Gunung Sewu karst area with diverse biodiversity, including herpetofauna (amphibians and reptiles). Limited information on the distribution patterns and abundance of herpetofauna is the focus of this study. This study examined herpetofauna diversity across three habitat types (river, forest, and field). Using Visual Encounter Surveys (VES) and line transects, 455 individuals from 19 species (10 families, 2 orders) were recorded. Forests exhibited the highest species diversity (H’ = 2.152 in Mijil, 1.873 in Dunggudel) and richness (R = 2.962 in Mijil, 2.392 in Dunggudel), attributed to structural complexity and niche availability. Fields showed high abundance but low diversity, dominated by Fejervarya cancrivora and Fejervarya limnocharis, indicating anthropogenic influence. River habitats displayed intermediate diversity, with variability linked to water quality and disturbance levels. Species similarity between habitats was moderate (53%), with the highest overlap between river and field habitats (72.73% in Mijil). Dispersed distribution patterns were observed, driven by water availability during the rainy season. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that water pH, temperature, and humidity significantly influenced herpetofauna presence, particularly for amphibians in field habitats. Future research should incorporate functional diversity metrics and long-term monitoring to assess climate and land-use effects.
Molecular Identification of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated From Allium cepa L. Waste as Antibiofilm Agent Against S.mutans Ekajayanti Kining; Dian Firdiani; Sogandi; Muh. Achyar Ardat
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 10 No 1 (2025): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v10i1.44587

Abstract

Streptococcus mutans is a key contributor to dental caries due to its ability to form resilient biofilms. Endophytic bacteria are a promising source of natural antibiofilm agents. This study aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from red onion (Allium cepa L) waste with potential antibiofilm activity against S. mutans. This research employed an exploratory laboratory design with descriptive and quantitative approaches. Morphological and Gram-staining analyses were conducted alongside molecular identification through 16S rRNA sequencing. Antibacterial and antibiofilm assays were performed to evaluate the biological activity of isolate EA1. Absorbance values from biofilm inhibition and degradation tests were analyzed using descriptive statistics to calculate inhibition percentages. Isolate EA1 exhibited strong biofilm degradation (77% inhibition), moderate inhibition of biofilm formation (53%), and relatively lower antibacterial activity (30% growth inhibition). Molecular analysis confirmed its identity as a member of the Enterobacter genus, closely related to E. tabaci and E. asburiae. EA1 holds significant potential as a source of novel antibiofilm compounds for controlling S. mutans. Further investigation is needed to characterize its active metabolites and evaluate its clinical applicability.
Effect of Growth Space on The Productivity of Maize Using Three Sisters Cultivation with Bee Pollination Putri, Nadia Damika; Purqon, Acep; Putra, Ramadhani Eka
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8 No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.19227

Abstract

he increasing number of food needs is one of the driving factors for increasing agricultural production, but there are constraints on the availability of land. A polyculture system with corn, beans, and pumpkins, commonly known as the three sisters, can create positive interactions that can enhance the growth and development of each plant. This system has a vast potency to be applied to urban farming inside a grow bag because it does not require ample space, the placement of plants is flexible, and it produces a variety of yields. However, it is necessary to assess the effect of growing space on the growth of maize (Zea mays) cultivated by the three-sister system. This study used a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replications. The treatment consists of three planting spaces with various growing bags (treatment A:75 L, B:100 L, and C:200 L). The results of this study showed that the highest corn productivity was in the largest growing space (treatment C), which weighed 318.40 g/cob, and without husks 246.42 g/cob, but not significantly different from treatment B (grow bag 100 L), which weights 316.20 g/cob and without pods of 240.63 g/cob. This study found that the 100 L grow bag was the optimal growing space for planting corn in containers using the three sisters technique.
Quercetin Compound of Okra Fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) as Potential of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Astutiningsih, Christina; Kristanti, Jesi; Ariani, Winda Ludfi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8 No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.20888

Abstract

Respiratory tract infections can be caused by various microbes including Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Candida albicans fungus. The treatment can use antibiotics or medical plants. Okra plants especially the fruit, are plants with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity caused by one of the flavonoids namely quercetin compounds. The purpose of this study was determine the total flavonoid, identify the isolate, and test the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the quercetin compound isolated from okra fruit. The result of the measurement of the total flavonoid content of the diethyl ether fraction obtained an average of 54.8723 ± 0.8059 mg QE/g and the ethyl acetate fraction obtained an average of 99.3155 ±1.4518 mgQE/g. The isolated flavonoid from okra fruit had antioxidant power with IC50 of 31,4 ppm, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone diameter of 10,372mm; 13,964 mm; and 15, 392mm (1%:5%:10%), and the antifungal Candida albicans with inhibition zone diameter of 9,104mm; 284mm; and 11,380 mm (1%:5%:10%). Flavonoid isolates from Okra Fruit, namely quercetin compounds had strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
Effect of Chitosan-Coated Centella asiatica Nanoparticles on Kidney Histology Profile of Complicated Diabetic Mice Muchtaromah, Bayyinatul; Firdaus, Ana Mar'a Konita; Minarno, Eko Budi; Fitriasari, Prilya Dewi; Rhomawati, Mei; Duhita, Maharani Retna; Putra, Wira Eka
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8 No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.21430

Abstract

Gotu kola (Centella asiatica) is a medicinal plant that has potential as an antioxidant and antidiabetic. Its compound is able to protect against diabetic nephropathy through the inhibition of oxidative stress. In terms of increasing drug potency and bioavailability of C. asiatica compounds, nanoparticle technology was used. This study aimed to determine the effect of C. asiatica nanoparticles coated with chitosan on the renal histology profile of complicated diabetic mice using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatment groups and five replications. The treatment groups were divided into K- (the experimental animals were not given any treatment), K+ (the experimental animals were induced by STZ), P1 (STZ + C. asiatica nanoparticles 120 mg/kgBW), P2 (STZ + C. asiatica nanoparticles 180 mg/kgBW), P3 (STZ + C. asiatica nanoparticles 240 mg/kgBW). The experimental animal model of complicated diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal STZ at a dose of 40 mg/kgBW for two days and STZ at a dose of 60 mg/kgBW for three days and then left for nine days. The C. asiatica nanoparticle therapy was given for 28 days. The parameters in this study were the results of scoring cell damage in the glomerular and tubular tissues (proximal and distal) of the kidney. The data obtained were tested for normality and homogeneity, then the normal and homogeneous data were tested with one-way ANOVA and further tested with Duncan's test. The statistical analysis results showed that C. asiatica coated with chitosan nanoparticles could reduce the damage to the histological profile of the glomerulus and tubules (proximal and distal) of the kidney of diabetic mice. C. asiatica-coated nanoparticles at a dose of 240 mg/kgBW showed the most optimal reduction in damage to the glomerular and tubular histology profiles.
Pteridophytes Diversity and Distribution Along The Elevational Gradient of Mount Penanggungan's Hiking Trail, East Java, Indonesia Hasyim, Muhammad Asmuni; Hanifa, Berry Fakhry; Septiadi, Luhur; Firdaus, Firman; Setya, Yudha; Mulyono, Rizki Mujahidin; Achmad, Caesar Rasendria; Haq, Mochammad Nur Izzul
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 8 No 2 (2023): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v8i2.24938

Abstract

Pteridophytes (ferns) are a fundamental element of tropical rainforests, which provide excellent microhabitats for their development. In addition, the sensitivity of pteridophytes to shifts in microclimate and anthropogenic disturbances makes them excellent environmental bioindicators. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and distribution of pteridophytes along the elevational gradient of two well-known hiking trails of Mount Penanggungan, East Java, Indonesia. Using a 10x10 m2 plot and transect line, we examined the composition, species diversity using Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), relative abundance, and distribution pattern using Morisita index of dispersion (Id) of ferns along an elevational gradient (700–1500 m above sea level) on the hiking trails of Mount Penanggungan, i.e., Tamiajeng and Kunjorowesi. As many as 14 species from 7 families living in both terrestrial and arboreal types were identified. Species composition along the elevation gradient revealed a pattern of predominating species. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') indicated a moderate level of diversity, where many pteridophytes species are found on the altitude gradient between (700-900 m dpl), and the Morisita index of dispersion (Id) indicated a clustered distribution pattern for most of the species. This pattern of diversity and distribution can be explained by changes in biotic and abiotic factors.

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