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Kota mataram,
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Influence of Fly Ash Addition on Nutrient and Microbial Population in Citronella Leaf Waste Composting Zuhriansah, Alfi Laila; Mansur, Irdika; Budi R, Sri W.; Astuti, Ria; Lubis, Rizky Febriana Br; Rahmah, Hanifa; Shrena, Mona Fitri; Kusuma, Yosie Syadza
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9907

Abstract

The response of composting microbes to fly ash can show an increase or decrease in population depending on the type and concentration of fly ash used. This study aims to identify the effect of fly ash addition on the composting of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendl.) leaf waste, specifically in relation to changes in the C/N ratio and the number of composting microbes, and the identification of fungal species that developed during the process. The composting treatments included citronella leaf waste without alkali (K), also with the addition of alkali in the form of 2% dolomite (D), fly ash of 2% (FA1), 5% (FA2), 10% (FA3) and 15% (FA4). The analysis used in this study was a quantitative descriptive analysis related to the analysis of C-organic and total N, as well as composting microbes. Quantitative descriptive analysis was employed to assess C-organic content, total nitrogen, and microbial populations. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of fly ash influenced both the C/N ratio and microbial abundance. The addition of 10% fly ash proved to be the most effective treatment, increasing nitrogen content and reducing the C/N ratio to 26, while supporting bacterial growth up to 3.0 × 10¹¹ CFU/g. Fungal identification revealed the presence of Rhizopus sp., Trichoderma sp., and Aspergillus sp., which contribute to the degradation of organic matter in citronella leaf waste.
Literature Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Bacteriophages Against Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hasugian, Ivan Armadi; Zikriyani, Hikmah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9938

Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a major driver of antimicrobial resistance and necessitates precise non-antibiotic therapeutics. This review comprehensively evaluates evidence on bacteriophage therapy against resistant S. aureus and the molecular and structural barriers that limit efficacy. A structured search of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, KAKEN, and ResearchGate identified peer-reviewed studies published up to 2025 using predefined keywords. Articles were screened and synthesized thematically across vitro assays, Ex Vivo burn-wound models, and host-range/biofilm studies, with mechanistic mapping of mecA/PBP2a and O-acetyltransferase A (OatA), and appraisal of dosing strategies (single, repeated, prophylactic). Findings show consistent phage-mediated reductions of S. aureus in vitro; in Ex Vivo human/porcine skin, higher doses and repeated application enhanced suppression, and prophylaxis prevented colonization. Activity against biofilm was strain- and phage-specific; some phages reduced biomass while others paradoxically increased it, and narrow host range plus OatA-linked barriers persisted. In conclusion, bacteriophages are promising but require precise strain matching and micro-environmental consideration. The research highlights the importance of biofilm-aware screening, strategic formulation of phage cocktails or lytic enzymes, optimized dosing regimens for repeated or prophylactic use, and the integration of molecular characterization with synthetic phage engineering to broaden host range and accelerate translation into clinical applications.
Bioaccumulation of the Heavy Metal Mercury (Hg) and Proximate Content of Gracilaria sp. on Lombok Island Ghazali, Mursal; Adhawati, Laela; Pazila, Baiq Dinda Aluh Putri; Artiningrum, Novitaa Tri; Candri, Dining Aidil; Rizki, Anis Syakiratur; Lestari, Dinda Propita; Hasanto, Rizki Primaditya; Nurhayati, Nurhayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.9953

Abstract

One of the dangerous heavy metals that can build up in aquatic biota is mercury (Hg). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental health condition in possibly polluted areas near Pelangan Village, Sekotong Subdistrict, West Lombok, and to ascertain the heavy metal level in Gracilaria sp. Using samples taken from Pelangan, Elak-Elak, and Mentigi, the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method was used to analyze non-essential heavy metal pollution in Gracilaria sp. According to the findings, Gracilaria samples taken from the Sekotong Subdistrict's coastline area had the greatest levels of mercury pollution, with 0.05 mg/kg in Elak-Elak and 0.14 mg/kg in Pelangan. On the other hand, samples of Gracilaria sp. from the Mentigi coast in North Lombok did not exhibit any mercury contamination (0.00 mg/kg). The levels of mercury accumulation in Gracilaria sp. are classified as dangerous since they surpass the 0.03 mg/kg maximum permissible limit for mercury in consumable products established by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7387:2009). Additionally, Gracilaria substrate samples from Pelangan had a mercury contamination level of 0.05 mg/kg, greater than that of Mentigi and Elak-Elak (both at 0.00 mg/kg). The proximate content of Graciaria sp was influenced by the sampling location but was not influenced by mercury contamination.
Functional Disorders of the Biliary System: Biliary Dyskinesia and Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini; Wardana, Shira Putri; Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan; Ramadhan, Panji Sena; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9955

Abstract

Functional biliary disorders are conditions caused by biliary dysmotility without the presence of gallstones, sludge, microlithiasis, or microcrystalline disease. The most common functional biliary disorders are biliary dyskinesia and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. This study employed a literature review method by searching and reviewing various references from online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. Functional biliary disorders such as biliary dyskinesia and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction often cause biliary pain without gallstones. Although not life-threatening, these disorders can affect quality of life and require appropriate management. Pharmacological treatments such as NSAIDs and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can help alleviate symptoms of biliary disorders, but surgical interventions such as cholecystectomy and sphincterotomy may be necessary for more severe cases. The choice of treatment method should take into account the risks and complications, and be carried out by an experienced medical team.
Association of ARDS Severity with Non-Invasive Ventilation Duration in COVID-19 Patients Romadoni, Muhammad Aulia Hikmah; Moulid Hidayat; Bayu Tirta Dirja
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9959

Abstract

The global spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), worsened by the emergence of new variants such as Delta, has created significant challenges for health systems. One of the severe complications experienced by infected individuals is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a condition characterized by pulmonary fluid leakage that leads to impaired oxygenation and respiratory difficulty. Patients with mild ARDS are often managed with non-invasive ventilation (NIV), which provides supplemental oxygen without the need for intubation. This study was conducted to examine whether the severity of ARDS influences the duration of NIV use in COVID-19 patients treated at the West Nusa Tenggara Provincial General Hospital (RSUD) in 2021. A cross-sectional study with a retrospective design was applied, and participants were selected through consecutive sampling. Data were obtained from hospital medical records and analyzed using the independent sample t-test. A total of 46 patients met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 27 males (58.7%) and 19 females (41.3%), with a mean age of 53.9 ± 7.9 years. The mean duration of NIV was 3.26 ± 2.816 days in patients with mild ARDS and 3.65 ± 2.870 days in those with moderate ARDS. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.643; p > 0.05). These findings indicate that ARDS severity is not associated with the length of NIV use in COVID-19 patients.
The Effect of Leaf Area on Transpiration Rate in Various Types of Tropical Leaf Plants in Open Environments Artanti, Nabilah; Rianti, Farah; Septianingrum, Beatrix Putri; Khairurohmah, Dinda; Ramadani, Aida Lutfia; Yahya, Leoni Agustiyar Nur; Marianingsih, Pipit
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9972

Abstract

The rate of transpiration in plants is affected by morphological characteristics and environmental conditions. This research aimed to examine how leaf surface area influences the transpiration rate of three tropical plant species: taro (Colocasia esculenta), starfruit (Averrhoa carambola), and water guava (Syzygium aqueum). The study measured the initial and final mass of leaves over a defined observation period to calculate the transpiration rate per unit area. Findings indicated that taro leaves exhibited the highest transpiration rate (0.0628 mg·cm⁻²·min⁻¹), followed by starfruit (0.0481 mg·cm⁻²·min⁻¹), while water guava recorded the lowest value (0.0350 mg·cm⁻²·min⁻¹), despite its relatively large leaf area. These results suggest that leaf area alone is not the primary determinant of transpiration rate; other factors such as cuticle thickness, stomatal density, and environmental parameters (including humidity, temperature, and light intensity) also play significant roles. Future research is recommended to explore a wider range of plant species and controlled environmental conditions to achieve more comprehensive insights.
Morphology of Lichen Fungi in Amban Regency, Manokwari, West Papua Nebore, Idola Dian Yoku; Lefaan, Paskalina Th.; Massora, Maria; Nunaki, Jan H.; Dewi, Resmila; Fatem, Sepus Marten
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9973

Abstract

Lichens are symbiotic association between fungi (mycobionts) and photosynthetic partners (phycobiont) that play essential ecological roles as bioindicators, pioneers in succession, and contributors to nutrient cycling. Despite their importance, the diversity and morphology of lichens in West Papua remain poorly documented. This study aimed to assess the morphology diversity of lichen taxa in Amban Regency, Manokwari, West Papua. The method used was explorative surveys with purposive sampling in Amban Regency (site I, II, and III) based on low, moderate, and high air quality. Lichen identification was based on morphological characteristic. The results showed that there were 27 species lichens belong to 12 genera and 8 families Chrysothrichaceae, Coenogoniaceae, Collemataceae, Graphidaceae, Megalosporaceae, Parmeliaceae, Physciaceae, and Strigulacea. The dominant species were from the families of Graphidaceae. Crustose lichens dominated (74%), foliose lichens (18%), with filamentous and leprose (4% each), while fruticose types were absent. Crustose lichens exhibited strong substrate adhesion and tolerance to variable microclimatic conditions with temperatures between 26,1-29,3°C, whereas foliose and filamentous forms were confined to more stable, and humid habitats between 72,0-85,4%. Continued surveys are recommended to monitor potential shifts in community composition under climate change and habitat disturbance.
A Systematic Literature Review of The Bronchiectasis Anugrah, Yunan Prabu Jaya; Hasanah, Mielosita; Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Nitzana, Lale Nubya; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9994

Abstract

Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory condition marked by irreversible dilation of the bronchi, leading to persistent cough and excessive sputum production. This study aims to describe the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management strategies of bronchiectasis, with emphasis on current approaches relevant to the Indonesian context. A narrative literature review was conducted using national and international sources. Key clinical and radiological findings, treatment modalities, and prognosis indicators were summarized, with reference to validated scoring systems such as FACED and Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI). Bronchiectasis is most prevalent among women and the elderly. Common etiologies include post-infectious lung disease, cystic fibrosis, and chronic inflammation. HRCT is the gold standard for diagnosis. Management focuses on airway clearance, antibiotic therapy, and reducing exacerbations. Prognosis varies depending on severity, but early and personalized treatment improves outcomes. Bronchiectasis remains under-recognized in Indonesia, despite its significant burden. Timely diagnosis using HRCT and targeted therapy can improve patient quality of life and reduce complications. Efforts should be made to increase clinical awareness, improve diagnostic access, and promote preventive measures such as immunization, smoking cessation, and early treatment of respiratory infections.
Profile of Gram-Negative Bacteria Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Esbl in The Caecum of Broiler Chickens Indratama, I Nyoman Yudayana; Rosyunita, Rosyunita; Hasbi, Nurmi; Octora, Metta; Rizqullah, Rifqi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10027

Abstract

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a global problem that causes increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. AMR arises from the irrational use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture. This study aims to determine the profile of Gram-negative ESBL bacteria living in the cecum of broiler chickens. This study is a descriptive exploratory study using 5 chicken cecum samples taken from the Pagesangan market in Mataram city. The obtained bacteria were calculated by placing them on Macconkey agar media to count bacterial colonies. The results of this study showed that 20.1% of bacteria in the chicken cecum could grow on Macconkey media mixed with cefotaxime. Meanwhile, on Macconkey media without cefotaxime, 79.9% were obtained. Based on macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical characteristics, it was found that the gram-negative bacteria obtained were Escherichia coli. In sensitivity tests, it was found that the bacteria were resistant to tetracycline (100%) and ampicillin (100%), and 25% were resistant to chloramphenicol. The conclusion is that gram-negative bacteria found in the cecum of broiler chickens, such as Escherichia coli, are resistant to several antibiotics. These bacteria are resistant to cefotaxime (20.1%), chloramphenicol (25%), tetracycline (100%), and ampicillin (100%).
Growth of Oyster Mushrooms Using Variations of Growing Media Restu, Adam; Muhlis, Muhlis; Bachtiar, Imam
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10049

Abstract

Increasing community-based agribusiness, especially through mushroom cultivation, has become a strategic alternative in overcoming food security and economic empowerment problems. This study aims to determine the effect of various growing media on the growth of white oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). The experimental design used was a Randomized Group Design (RAK) with four treatments: 100% sawdust (control), 70% sawdust + 30% cardboard, 70% sawdust + 30% coconut fiber, and 70% sawdust + 30% corn cob. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test and BNT at 5% significance level. The results showed that the 70% sawdust + 30% corn cob treatment produced the highest average mushroom weight (141.75 g) and the longest mycelium growth (4.05 cm), significantly outperforming the other treatments. This study concluded that corn cob waste is an effective alternative medium for oyster mushroom cultivation. This finding implies a promising application of agricultural waste in sustainable mushroom cultivation and offers a cheap and environmentally friendly solution for small-scale agribusiness. Further research is recommended to explore other waste combinations and optimize the media formulation for commercial scale production.

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