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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 24, No 5 (2024)" : 25 Documents clear
Synthesis of New Indazole Analogs of Curcumin as Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Candidates: An In Vitro Investigation Hariyanti, Hariyanti; Hayun, Hayun; Yanuar, Arry; Azminah, Azminah
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.82443

Abstract

The development of analog curcumin compounds by modifying the structure of monocarbonyl into an analog indazole of curcumin (AIC) is recognized to have a great potential. Still, only a few reports have been available. Rarely occurring in nature, indazole molecules are typically created through chemical synthesis. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize six new AIC compounds with a particular focus on testing in vitro antioxidant activity using the DPPH and FRAP methods, as well as anti-inflammatory activity using the protein denaturation method. The results showed that the compounds formed had high anti-inflammatory activity but low antioxidant activity. All synthesis products produced higher anti-inflammatory activity than standard diclofenac sodium and curcumin compounds. Specifically, compound 3a showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 = 0.548 ± 0.062 μM. Therefore, it was concluded that compound 3a has the potential to be further studied for anti-inflammatory activity.
Hollow Fiber Hemodialysis Imprinted Membrane Based on Eugenol for Human Blood Filter Djunaidi, Muhammad Cholid; Maharani, Nesti Dwi; Pardoyo, Pardoyo; Raharjo, Yanuardi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.83065

Abstract

Kidney failure is a kidney function disorder that occurs in more than 90.00% of people in the world, especially in developing countries. In 2013, around 12.50% of the 25 million population experienced kidney failure and 78.00% had to undergo dialysis for life. In this research, a hemodialysis method was developed, namely molecularly imprinted membrane (MIM), which has high selectivity for urea molecules with high binding capacity using a membrane in the form of hollow fiber. Variations in research use urea transport concentrations such as 50, 200, and 300 ppm. The analysis using UV-vis spectrophotometry on HFHIM with a solution mixture of 50 ppm showed that the receiving phase by the membrane was 70.48% urea, 12.97% creatinine, and 9.42% vitamin B12. Meanwhile, the feed phase is 28.25% urea, 85.41% creatinine and 88.64% vitamin B12. When using HFHNIM, the receiving phase is urea 44.78%, creatinine 58.51%, and vitamin B12 31.00%. Meanwhile, the feed phase is 54.55% urea, 40.57% creatinine, 68.29% vitamin B12. The selectivity of HFHIM for urea is better than creatinine and vitamin B12 compared to HFHNIM, in the order of selectivity urea > creatinine > vitamin B12.
Sodium Triphosphate Effect on Encapsulation of Vitamin B6 into Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles and Its In Vitro Drug Release Study Rahman, Aulia; Suherman, Suherman; Suratman, Adhitasari
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.83380

Abstract

The in-vitro drug release study of vitamin B6 encapsulated into sodium tripolyphosphate crosslinked chitosan-alginate (B6-TCA) nanoparticles aims to determine the effect of sodium tripolyphosphate on the encapsulation efficiency of vitamin B6 and effectiveness of the nanoparticles to release vitamin B6. The focus of this research is synthesizing and characterizing TCA nanoparticles to encapsulate vitamin B6 as an effective delivery system by studying the kinetics release of vitamin B6. The research resulted in the formation of coarse solid powder nanoparticles in yellowish-white color with a nanoparticle size of 22.55 nm. Sodium tripolyphosphate decreased the percentage of encapsulation efficiency in the B6-TCA nanoparticles as its concentration increased. However, the increasing sodium tripolyphosphate causes a slower release of vitamin B6 from nanoparticles. The encapsulation efficiency of vitamin B6 is 82.04%. The optimum composition of B6-TCA nanoparticles ratio is 2:1:1.5:2, where Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics model suited its better with the Fickian diffusion mechanism of 0.989 and has the smallest reaction rate constant of 0.039 occurred within 6 h.
Preparation of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) from Waste of Polymetallic Ore Processing via Sulfurization Treatment Otgon-Uul, Enkh-Uyanga; Baatar, Munkhtsetseg; Nanzad, Ulziijargal; Lkhamsuren, Jargalsaikhan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.89992

Abstract

Various experimental conditions were applied to extract titanium oxide from the waste of polymetallic ore. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms that the waste of polymetallic ore contains including various minerals such as almandine (Fe,Mg,Ca)3Al2Si3O12, brownmillerite (FeAlO3(CaO)2), quartz (SiO2), magnetite (Fe3O4). Using H2SO4 acid with a concentration of 93% in the S/L mass ratio of 1:1.5 at 140 °C is suggested as an optimum reaction condition. Its hydrolysis subsequently leads to the formation of the titanyl sulfate (TiOSO4), and relatively pure titanium oxide is obtained through precipitation and calcination at 600 °C. The observed band gap value of 3.2 eV for the obtained TiO2 corresponds to the typical band gap value of anatase-type TiO2. We calculated the crystallite size of extracted anatase-type titanium oxide according to the Debye-Scherrer equation it was determined to be 96.35 nm. Fully reflecting X-ray fluorescence (XRF) determined that the purity of extracted TiO2 is 93.18%. This report presents a newly developed process that enables the production of relatively high-purity TiO2 (93.18%) from the waste of polymetallic ore (TiO2 5.39%) by a simple sulfurization process.
Photopolymerization of Imprinted Polymer with Dummy Template for the Recognition of Hydroquinone in Aqueous Medium Musali, Norlin Suhaiza; Abu Bakar, Norlaili; Abdul Rahim, Nurulsaidah; Wan Mahamod, Wan Rusmawati; Hashim, Norhayati; Mohd Sharif, Sharifah Norain; Che Soh, Siti Kamilah; Ulianas, Alizar
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.90096

Abstract

This study' purposes are to synthesize molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) using p-xylene under ultraviolet curing at 405 nm for the recognition of hydroquinone (HQ) in aqueous medium. The template was extracted from the polymer with a mixture of methanol and acetic acid (9:1) by volume (v/v). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of MIP (after wash) showed the absence of peak at the range of 840–860 cm−1, which represented the stretching outside the aromatic plane C–H at the para position (p-xylene). Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrograph showed that the MIP had cavities compared to non-imprinted polymer (NIP). The MIP (MIP-Pxy) with ratio (monomer:crosslinker) 0.25 and 1.00% template gave the highest uptake of hydroquinone (HQ) in aqueous solution, which implied more specific recognition (highest KD value). The rebinding of HQ onto MIP-Pxy was best described by both isotherm (Langmuir and Freundlich) and kinetic model (pseudo-first and -second). The MIP was successfully synthesized using p-xylene, able to recognize HQ and was very selective to p-CP. Implication of the study, the synthesized MIP can be used for recognition and sensing materials for HQ and any similar molecules.
Detection of Lard in Animal Fat Mixtures Using ATR-FTIR Fingerprint and SPME-GC/MS-Based Volatilomics Putri, Silmiyah; Budi, Faleh Setia; Suseno, Sugeng Heri; Heryani, Heryani; Ramadhan, Muhamad Fauzi; Regiyana, Yane; Yuliana, Nancy Dewi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.90240

Abstract

This study aims to detect the presence of lard in several halal animal fats (beef, chicken, and goat fat) based on their infrared fingerprint and volatile compound profile (volatilomics). A mixture of fat samples obtained from halal animals and lard at different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80%, v/v) were subjected to attenuated total reflection-Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) analysis, respectively. The data was processed using orthogonal projection to the least square–discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The results showed that ATR-FTIR could only identify the presence of lard in chicken fat up to the lowest concentration used in this study (10%) but failed in other fat samples. SPME-GC/MS detected the presence of lard in all animal fats up to the lowest concentration added (10%). The results of this study revealed that the volatilomics technique had more potential to be developed as a basis for the rapid detection of halal and non-halal animal fat than the infrared fingerprint. This study also emphasized that markers of non-halal animal fats can be different when the same fats are added to different food products.
Toxicity Test of Nanoemulsions of Nutmeg Fruits and Leaves Essential Oil against Artemia salina Leach and Its Cytotoxicity Test against Breast Cancer Cells T47D Rastuti, Undri; Diastuti, Hartiwi; Widyaningsih, Senny; Chasani, Moch; Sheiliyani, Cindi; Rahmasari, Anisa; Fajriyah, Bunga Sita Roihanul; Mesayu, Puspa Rahma; Habibie, Ranti Kamila
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.91077

Abstract

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is a widely known spice plant, which has been reported to offer several benefits. Therefore, this study aims to develop and analyze nanoemulsions of nutmeg leaves and fruit essential oil, as well as determine their toxicity and cytotoxicity. Nanoemulsions were formulated with varying concentrations of essential oil, including 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6%. Characterization included organoleptic assessment, pH measurement, type examination, viscosity testing, transmittance analysis, particle size distribution measurement, centrifugation, and freeze-thaw cycle test. Toxicity testing results using the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) showed that nanoemulsions were toxic except NF F4 with high toxicity. Cytotoxicity testing on T47D breast cancer cells showed moderate activity for NF F4 nanoemulsions (IC50: 34.363 ppm), while NL nanoemulsions were deemed inactive (IC50: 33576.430 ppm). In addition, the organoleptic characteristics of all nanoemulsions were stable, and most parameters met the desired standards. Based on the results, further studies exploring nanoemulsions with natural products must be carried out to determine their advantages, specifically in the development of sciences.
Optimum and Green Fabrication of MIL-100(Fe) for Crystal Violet Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution Wijaya, Christian Julius; Soetaredjo, Felycia Edi; Yuliana, Maria; Santoso, Shella Permatasari; Hartono, Sandy Budi; Irawaty, Wenny; Lie, Jenni; Putro, Jindrayani Nyoo; Gunarto, Chintya; Puspitasari, Nathania; Ismadji, Suryadi; Gunawan, Setiyo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.93323

Abstract

MIL-100(Fe) was prepared and subsequently used to remove crystal violet dye from aqueous solutions simulating dye-containing wastewater in the environment. In the future, it is aimed that MIL-100(Fe) can be used in managing dye-containing wastewater in the environment and reducing the negative impacts it can cause. Here, MIL-100(Fe) fabrication needs to be optimized to obtain optimum process conditions, which are environmentally friendly and can produce MIL-100(Fe) with the best characteristics. This study focused on optimizing the fabrication of MIL-100(Fe), which is a type of MOF with good chemical stability, thermal stability, and flexible structure. In this study, the room-temperature fabrication of MIL-100(Fe) was established using a ligand-to-metal molar ratio of 0.95 and an acetic acid concentration of 5.1 vol% for 6.2 h. The optimum MIL-100(Fe) was tested for crystal violet removal and provided an optimum removal capacity of 182.66 ± 3.81 mg/g. Statistical approaches are used to investigate the independent parameters and their interactions contributing to MIL-100(Fe) formation.
Heavy Metal Identification in Water Resources and the Surrounding Environment of the Cirasea Riparian Zone, Indonesia Maria, Rizka; Astuti, Ratna Dwi Puji; Rusydi, Anna Fadliah; Marganingrum, Dyah; Mulyono, Asep; Nurohman, Heri; Dida, Eki Naidania; Damayanti, Retno; Shoedarto, Riostantieka Mayandari; Rahayudin, Yudi; Taufiqurrahman, Adie; Ferdiano, Muhammad Rio; Nugraha, Detizca Melia
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.93326

Abstract

The Cirasea River can provide water for both the Bandung basin and agricultural irrigation. Intensive agriculture, industry, and land use changes could have an impact on water quality. The purpose of this study is to look at the origins of heavy metals in riparian water resources. Heavy metal analysis was performed on 13 groundwater and river water samples. Heavy metals in water sources were compared with sediment and soil. The samples were analyzed for heavy metals using an AAS instrument. The research method employs statistical, geographical, and heavy metal pollution index (HPI). The HPI for river water was 131, whereas groundwater was 93. River water with an HPI value of more than 100 is highly polluted, indicating that it is unsafe for human consumption and has negative health consequences. Data verification with heavy metals in sediments reveals the presence of heavy metals coming from geogenic circumstances in various locations in the upstream area. Heavy metals in downstream areas result from geological factors and anthropogenic activities in the surrounding area. The long-term effects of heavy metal pollution along the riparian zone will become apparent. More research is needed on communities that depend on groundwater supplies along the Cirasea watershed.  
Validation of Analytical Method for Vitamin A in Bioadhesive Ocular Cationic Nanoemulsion Loaded into Thermosensitive Gel Using RP-HPLC Fatimah, Siti Fatmawati; Lukitaningsih, Endang; Martien, Ronny; Nugroho, Akhmad Kharis
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.93395

Abstract

Various test methods have been previously documented for determining vitamin A levels in different dosage forms. This study specifically examines an isocratic reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method designed for the direct extraction of vitamin A. The objective is to validate an analytical method for quantifying vitamin A in bioadhesive cationic nanoemulsions incorporated into thermosensitive gels. The method employs isocratic RP-HPLC with a YMC-Triart C18 column (L1), dimensions of 4.6 mm × 250 nm, particle size of S-5 µm, and a UV detector at λ = 265 nm. The mobile phase consists of HPLC-grade methanol, acetonitrile, and n-hexane in a ratio of 46.5:46.5:7. Validation parameters were assessed including selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantification (LOQ), and limit of detection (LOD). Correlation coefficients were determined with an R2 value of 0.9995 in the concentration range of 264–396 μg/mL (w/v). Recovery percentages ranged from 99.295% to 99.878%. Repeatability and intermediate precision relative standard deviations (RSD) were found to be 0.318% and 0.254%, respectively. The LOD was established at 2.018 μg/mL, and the LOQ was determined to be 6.114 μg/mL. The results affirm cost-effective and well-suited for the accurate measurement of vitamin A levels in bioadhesive thermosensitive gel formulations.

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