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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
ISSN : 0853196X     EISSN : 26148889     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Indonesian Journal of Oil Palm Research Volume 26 Number 2 Year 2018 is published by presenting articles: Utilization of candlenut shell charcoal (Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.) as adsorben on refinery of Crude Palm Oil (CPO); Application of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model for predicting oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) yield based on rainfall and the previous level of yield; Utilization of endophytic bacteria to improve the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings growth; Nutrients use efficiency of several types of fertilizers on the oil palm seedling; and Fatty acid and carotene composition in Elaeis oleifera, interspecific hybrid, and the first pseudo-backcross in North Sumatra, Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 150 Documents
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Pengaruh Penambahan Kalsium Karbonat (CaCO3) Pada Kandungan Asam Lemak Bebas pada Minyak Kelapa Sawit Restan Ghana Simatupang; Novelita Mondamina; Listiana Oktavia
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.127

Abstract

Free Fatty Acid (FFA) is one of the important parameters to determine CPO (Crude Palm Oil) quality. The restoration of palm oil allows the significant increment in the FFA content which leads to the reduction of CPO quality and declining the CPO price. Therefore, it needs the additional treatment to inhibit the increment of FFA content on the restored plam fruit. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) addition to the FFA content in restored palm fruit. The CaCO3 was sprayed evenly to the surface of restored palm fruitlets. The CaCO3 solution used for this treatment was 300 g/l, 350 g/l and, 400 g/l. The fruitlets were restored at 15, 23, and 28 hours. Two types of palm fruitlets used were the normal fruitlet and the surface-wounded fruitlets. The FFA was extracted by soxhlet method, while FFA determination was conducted by titration technique. The Addition of CaCO3 was observed effective to decrease FFA content on normal fruitlets with the optimum CaCO3 concentration to reduce FFA content was of 400 g/l. The FFA reduction effectivity was 39.08%, 24.29% and 19,04 for 18 h, 23 h and 28 h restored time respectively. The addition of CaCO3 was observed to be in-effective to decrease the FFA content to the surface-wounded restored palm fruitlets. This research can trigger the more advance research for improvement of CPO production that leads to the improved CPO quality.
Studi Asosiasi Genom (GWAS) Komponen Tandan Populasi Interspesifik Elaeis oleifera dan Elaeis guineensis Heri Adriwan Siregar; Edy Suprianto; Sujadi Sujadi; Hernawan Y Rahmadi; Mohamad Arif; Retno Diah Setiowati; Nanang Supena; Rokhana Faizah; Sri Wening; Yurna Yenni; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.144

Abstract

The oil palm breeding program for the species Elaeis guineensis and the backcross Elaeis oleifera is running slowly because oil palm is an annual plant. Therefore, it is necessary to have an alternative approach that can accelerate the oil palm breeding program. The SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) genome-wide approach was then used to study the association between 18 phenotypes of bunch component in oil palm germplasm of E. oleifera from Suriname and Brazil Coari, some interspecific hybrids and some elite progeny of E. guineensis. The genotyping by sequencing (GBS) analysis produced a total of 459 million or approximately 798 thousand reads per sample and 3,252 SNPs were eligible for 456 genotypes. Using various association models, eleven normalized phenotypic data showed significant associations with 29 SNPs. Based on the annotations, 17 SNPs were related to genes wtih certain biological functions. Three SNPs were found to be at the exon of a gene, namely SNP4416, SNP349 and SNP3865, while the other 15 SNPs were at the intragenic to a gene. Four SNPs are common SNPs in phenotypes C16:0 and C18:1 as weel as in C20 0 and C20:1. This research shows the potential of SNPs that can be used as an alternative approach to E. oleifera backcross breeding, although further research is needed for validation purposes.
Kajian Kerapatan dan Keragaman Organisme Tanah Gambut di Bawah Tegakan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Menghasilkan Fandi Hidayat; Rana Farrasati; Winarna
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.146

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan gambut pada Kebun Panai Jaya, PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dengan cara Pit Fall Trap (untuk menjebak fauna permukaan tanah), Barlese Tullgren (untuk melihat fauna tanah yang aktif di dalam tanah) dan membuat lubang (untuk mendapatkan cacing). Metode yang mendapatkan fauna terbanyak yaitu dengan cara Pit Fall Trap. Fauna tanah berkorelasi positif terhadap suhu, kadar air dan respirasi tanah, sedangkan terhadap pH dan C/N berkorelasi negatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, diantara fauna tanah pada plot penelitian, diketahui bahwa jumlah fauna yang paling mendominasi adalah semut rangrang dan diikuti oleh cacing tanah. Baik fauna tanah (makrofauna dan mesofauna) dan mikroorganisme eukariotik tanah (jamur dan bakteri) ditemukan paling banyak pada areal rumpukan kebun kelapa sawit.
Konservasi Sumber Daya Genetik Pisifera: Kalogenesis Kelapa Sawit Keturunan SP540T yang berumur 41 tahun Ernayunita Ernayunita; Sri Wening; Hernawan Y Rahmadi; Yurna Yenni; Taryono Taryono
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.147

Abstract

Kelapa sawit turunan SP540T telah banyak digunakan untuk tujuan pemuliaan maupun produksi komersial varietas unggul kelapa sawit. Oleh karena itu, konservasi sumber daya genetik SP540T sangat diperlukan, salah satunya melalui kultur jaringan yang dapat menghasilkan tanaman yang true to type. Media kultur jaringan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah modifikasi MS diantaranya media MS+110,5 mg/l 2,4-D, media MS+110,5 mg/l 2,4-D+karbon aktif, dan media MS modifikasi Protokol Kultur Jaringan PPKS sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembentukan kalus primer dan sekunder terbaik teramati pada perlakuan MS+110,5 mg/l 2,4D+karbon aktif yaitu sebesar 13,00% dan berbeda nyata dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, media tersebut dapat digunakan untuk perbanyakan maupun konservasi sumber daya genetik SP540T.
Identifikasi SNP genom pada populasi Elaeis guineensis x Elaeis oleifera Sri Wening; Heri Adriwan Siregar; Edy Suprianto; Dani Setyawan; Hernawan Y Rahmadi; Retno Diah Setiowati; Mohamad Arif; Yurna Yenni; Nanang Supena; Sujadi Sujadi; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.148

Abstract

Usaha pencarian marka DNA yang berhubungan dengan sifat yang diinginkan pada Elaeis oleifera guna introgresi sifat tersebut ke genome Elaeis guineensis memerlukan marka DNA yang polimorfik. Untuk menghasilkan marka DNA yang polimorfik dengan jumlah banyak, identifikasi SNP genom dilakukan melalui pengurutan kembali (resequencing) 12 individu contoh populasi hibrida E. guineensis x E. oleifera (hibrida OxG), yaitu E. oleifera tipe liar, F1 hibrida interspesifik, pseudo-backcross dan material maju E. guineensis, menggunakan next generation sequencing (NGS). Read (urutan basa yang “dibaca”/merupakan keluaran mesin NGS) dari 12 contoh memiliki mutu yang baik dan 96% total read yang disaring dapat dilakukan demultipleks dan ditentukan pada contoh yang sesuai. Setelah proses penyaringan dan pemotongan, 84% read dapat digunakan untuk pemetaan genom dan menghasilkan 5,7X hingga 10,42X cakupan genom. Dari 34.410.224 SNP yang teridentifikasi, 98,7% diantaranya adalah varian non-coding, dan berdasarkan lokasi, 69,1% total SNP adalah SNP intergenic. Sebanyak 5.618 SNP dari total SNP yang dihasilkan dibuktikan menggunakan targeted genotyping by sequencing pada 500 individu contoh. Sebanyak 74% SNP yang digunakan bermutu tinggi yang dibaca pada setidaknya 95% contoh. Principal component analysis menggunakan SNP tersebut mampu mengidentifikasi setiap latar belakang genetik contoh. Pembuktian tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa identifikasi SNP yang dilakukan melalui pengurutan kembali menghasilkan SNP bermutu tinggi yang dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan marka DNA yang dapat diperbantukan pada seleksi populasi pemuliaan E. guineensis x E. oleifera.
Studi Preferensi Pemilihan Merek Dekanter 3 Fasa pada Pabrik Kelapa Sawit menggunakan Analytic Hierarcy Process Muhammad Ansori Nasution; Meta Rivani; Arjanggi Nasution; Rizki Amalia; Ayu Wulandari; Rizalmi Fitrah; Yahdi Akbar
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 3 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i3.128

Abstract

Decanter is used to separate oil phase from underflow sludge of continuous settling tank (CST) in Palm Oil Mills (POM). The most commonly type of decanter is 3-phase decanter. This paper describes the brand preferences in 3-phase decanter selection by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Before the AHP was done, expert correspondent prepared a list of criteria and sub-criteria for 3-phase decanter brand selection. AHP was conducted in 3 steps, which were: i) criteria classification, ii) pair-wise comparison of criteria and sub-criteria, that did by user correspondent, and iii) evaluation on the 3-phase decanter selection based on the brand comparison, that did by user correspondent. AHP simulation was carried out using Expertchoice® version 11. The first step of AHP generated: i) a question list arranged in questionnaire form, regarding criteria and sub-criteria concerning the brand of the decanter, and ii) weight value for each question. The second step of AHP revealed that technical criteria are preferable to economic than technical criteria. The spare part availability has the highest preference value amongst the economic sub-criteria, while oil losses has the highest preference in the technical sub-criteria. The third step of AHP showed that the decanter of Brand B is on the top ranking, with an economic and a technical preference value of 0.148 and 0.130, respectively. These results indicated that preference values can change if a complex analysis of criteria, sub-criteria, and decanter brands is involved in the one system analysis. Results of sensitivity analysis shows that both the decanter of Brand B and Brand E get the first rank in preference, which Brand E is on third rank before the sensitivity analysis is deducted.
Produksi dan karakterisasi selulosa mikrokristalin dari limbah batang kelapa sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) hasil replanting perkebunan Chandra Gunawan; Alfi Asben; Tuty Anggraini; Athanasia Amanda Septevani
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 3 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i3.139

Abstract

Selulosa mikrokristalin merupakan turunan dari selulosa atau selulosa yang dimodifikasi dalam skala mikro dengan ukuran panjang sekitar 10-200 µm yang bersifat kristalin. Batang kelapa sawit dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif produksi selulosa mikrokristalin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan selulosa mikrokristalin dari batang kelapa sawit dan mengetahui karakteristik setiap tahapan perlakuannya. Diperoleh selulosa mikrokristalin dengan kandungan selulosa yang berhasil ditingkatkan dari 31,11 ± 2,01% menjadi 84,35 ± 1,04%, hal ini sesuai dengan gugus puncak serapan FTIR dan seiring dengan penurunan kandungan lignin dan hemiselulosa. Analisa XRD menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan kristalinitas dari MCC hingga 78% setelah melalui tahapan perlakuan kimia. Hasil SEM didapatkan MCC dengan panjang dan lebar sebesar 43,2 ± 19,6 µm dan 11,4 ± 8,1 µm dan menunjukkan terjadinya pemecahan komponen kompleks pada serat Raw batang kelapa sawit yang digambarkan dengan struktur dari permukaan yang menjadi lebih halus dan berbentuk fibril yang teratur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, proses delignifikasi, pemutihan, dan hidrolisis asam secara bertahap berhasil memproduksi selulosa mikrokristalin dari batang kelapa sawit.
Pengamatan Karakteristik Strain Cordyceps militaris (L) tipe liar alam dari lima perkebunan kelapa sawit di Muara Wahau Kalimantan Timur Edwin Aprianda; Gunawan Djajakirana; Darmawan Darmawan
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 3 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i3.141

Abstract

Cordycep militaris (L) is known in oil palm plantations as a natural enemy of nettle caterpillars. This fungus infects the caterpillars that descend down to become pupae around the palm circle, so that the pupae do not develop into imago and the pest's life cycle will be interrupted. This fungus is one of the 3 main entomopathogenic fungi used as bioinsecticides to control pests in oil palm plantations. In this study, the characteristics of C. militaris were observed from 5 oil palm plantations cultured in vitro using two types of media and two incubation methods. The results showed that there were mycelium pigmentation in nutrient-rich media Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plus Yeast extract (SDAY) when incubated with lighting. Only one of five mycelium cultures using SDAY media showed pigmentation on the no-light incubation method. Pigmentation did not occur in nutrient-poor media such as agar (WA), either incubated with lighting or with no-light. The growth of isolates was generally higher on SDAY media than on WA media. This study showed that C. militaris is a facultative phagotrophic fungus. The highest growth of isolates cultured on SDAY media incubated with lighting was found in isolates A and C, with colony diameter 90 mm, high mycelium density (+++) and hairy texture like cotton at the end of the 3rd week after inoculation. In the no-light incubation method, the highest growth was found in isolates B and C with colony diameter 90 mm, high mycelium density (+++) and hairy texture like cotton at the end of the 3rd week after inoculation. Isolates A and C showed high virulence potential to be used as bioinsecticides.
Studi pendahuluan kandungan Vitamin E pada varietas kelapa sawit PPKS Retno Diah Setiowati; Yurna Yenni; Frisda Rimbun Panjaitan; Sujadi Sujadi; Mahmud Irfan Lubis; Ernayunita Ernayunita
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 3 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i3.153

Abstract

An oil palm variety with high vitamin E has an added value because of its benefit as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical source. The measurement of the vitamin E content in CPO from eight varieties of oil palm is an effort to obtain high vitamin E varieties with the optimum oil yield. The varieties used in this experiment were DxP PPKS 718, DxP PPKS 239, DxP PPKS 540, DxP Yangambi, DxP Lame, DxP Avros, DxP Simalungun, and DxP Langkat, which were planted in a demonstration block, located at Kebun Adolina PTPN IV. The result showed that the average of the vitamin E from 8 varieties ranged from 477.36 ppm up to 582.78 ppm. The DxP Yangambi has the potency to be improved as the candidate of DxP variety with high vitamin E added value due to its highest vitamin E content. On the other hand, the DxP PPKS 540 is appropriate as candidate of ortets for high vitamin E clones regarding the vitamin E content; which is the highest over the whole samples
Dampak aplikasi kumatetralil dan Sarcocystis singaporensis terhadap serangan hama tikus di perkebunan kelapa sawit Mahardika Gama Pradana; Hari Priwiratama; Agus Eko Prasetyo; Agus Susanto
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 3 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i3.155

Abstract

The management of rat attack in oil palm plantation is commonly achieved through rodenticide application as well as in combination with the utilization of natural enemies. In this study, field efficacy of two rodenticide active ingredients i.e. coumatetralyl and Sarcocystis singaporensis against Rattus tiomanicus was conducted in mature oil palm blocks. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design consisting of 3 treatments and 6 blocks/replicates. The application of coumatetralyl was conducted at the dose of 1 block bait per palm, while S. singaporensis treatment was conducted at the dose of 2 pellets per palm. The rodenticide application was carried out four times at five days interval. The result showed that incidence of rat attack decreased in all experimental blocks. The incidence of rat attack on coumatetralyl treatment was significantly lower than the control block at 5 and 10 days after application (daa), where as S. singaporensis treatment only showed a significant reduction at 5 daa. The average rate of reduction in rat attack during application of coumatetralyl, S. singaporensis, and control treatments was 53.80%; 38.58%; and 21.86%, respectively. The intensity of rat attack on male flowers before application was ranged between 31.87% to 40.64%, while the intensity on fruit bunches was ranged from 4.85% - 7.52%. The decrease in the incidence and intensity of rat attack is in line with the decrease in rodenticide consumption. In coumatetralyl treatment, consumed bait decreased from 75.02% to 57.03%, while in S. singaporensis treatment it decreased from 61.38% to 47.20%. In general, the efficacy value of coumatetralyl was higher than that of S. singaporensis.

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