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INDONESIA
Al-Qalam
Published by Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia
ISSN : 08541221     EISSN : 2540895X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion,
Religion
Al-Qalam Jurnal Penelitian Agama dan Sosial Budaya adalah jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan 2 edisi dalam setahun oleh Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar. Terbit sejak tahun 1990. Fokus Kajian Jurnal berkaitan dengan penelitian Agama dan Sosial Budaya. Lingkup Jurnal meliputi Bimbingan Masyarakat Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan, Pendidikan Agama dan Keagamaan, Naskah keagamaan Kontemporer, Sejarah sosial keagamaan, Arkeologi religi, Seni dan Budaya Keagamaan Nusantara.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 686 Documents
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BRIDGING THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL DIVIDE: ARSYAD AL-BANJARI'S MA'RIFAH AS A RESPONSE TO WESTERN EPISTEMOLOGICAL DILEMMAS Nur Hadi Ihsan; Wan Mohd Azam Mohd Amin; Muhammad Ammar Tsaqib; Jusmidar Jusmidar
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1596

Abstract

Western epistemology encounters significant challenges due to its secular and materialistic orientation, which restricts the sources of knowledge to sensory perception and empirical experimentation. This study analyzes Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari’s concept of ma‘rifah as an epistemological alternative to these dilemmas. Adopting a qualitative, library-based method, the research applies Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña’s analytical model, framed within an integration of Islamic epistemological principles and comparative philosophical analysis. The primary source is Kanz al-Ma‘rifah by al-Banjari, supported by cross-referenced verification. The findings indicate that, according to al-Banjari, ma‘rifah is attainable through three key paths: Nūr Muhammad, mutu qabla an tamūtu, and fanā’. This concept provides an epistemological paradigm that integrates physical and metaphysical dimensions of knowledge, reconciles rational and intuitive methodologies, and transcends the subject-object dichotomy through spiritual experience. Through the ‘irfānī method focusing on purification of the heart and spiritual discipline, ma‘rifah offers a comprehensive epistemology that refines rational and sensory faculties, thereby presenting a critical alternative to the empiricism that dominates Western epistemology.
INTEGRATING PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING WITH ISLAMIC PRACTICE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES AND RELIGIOUS ENGAGEMENT Dena Sri Anugrah; Udin Supriadi; Saepul Anwar; Nur Muhammad Lathif
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1606

Abstract

Islamic education emphasizes holistic development that includes cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects, with the aim of forming individuals who are intellectually intelligent and moral. This study examines the integration of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) with Islamic practices in the context of formal education, through a systematic review guided by the PRISMA framework of 42 Scopus-database articles from 2014 to 2024. This study aims to answer three main research questions, namely: (1) what are the forms of PBL integration in Islamic practices in formal education, (2) the impact of PBL integration on educational outcomes, and (3) the impact of PBL integration on students' religious engagement. Key findings from the literature include the identification of four main forms of integration, including curriculum design, interdisciplinary learning, character education, and digital contextual learning. These approaches significantly contributed to the improvement of students' religious understanding, skills and practices. The results of the review show that PBL integration in Islamic education can improve the quality of education by linking theory and practice, and developing students' character and skills. In addition, it has a significant impact on students' understanding, thinking skills (HOTS), and positive attitude towards learning, as well as strengthening religious engagement through increased active participation, deep understanding, and social engagement. The implications of this study suggest that PBL can effectively prepare students for the intellectual and ethical challenges in their lives.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANDROID-BASED BUGIS MORAL TEACHING APPLICATION FOR SHAPING THE ATTITUDES OF THE YOUNGER GENERATION Muhammad Ahsan; Muhiddin Bakry; Suarning Said; Azlan Thamrin; Sufyaldy Sufyaldy
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1608

Abstract

This study employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach aimed at developing a mobile application that presents traditional Bugis moral teachings, specifically intended to foster positive attitudes among the younger generation. The motivation for this development stems from the limited availability of Bugis proverbs and advice in digital formats and the growing lack of awareness and engagement with ancestral wisdom among today’s youth. The development process followed the Luther model, which includes stages such as concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The application was evaluated through expert validation and user testing. Media experts rated the application with an average score of 3.8, corresponding to a quality percentage of 76%, while material experts gave an average score of 4.1, equivalent to 82%. Furthermore, user testing yielded an average score of 63.25, with a quality percentage of 84%. These results indicate that the application is considered feasible and effective, meeting criteria of practicality and ease of use. Therefore, the Bugis moral teaching application holds potential as an innovative tool to preserve cultural values and support character education for young users.
DEMOCRATIC CALIPHATE: A RECONCILIATION OF THE CALIPHATE AND DEMOCRACY THROUGH THE LENS OF PROPHETIC SOCIAL SCIENCE Mustamin Giling; Aldi Hidayat; Khaerul Asy’ary Ulama’i
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1610

Abstract

The encounter between Islam and the West has resulted in an ongoing dynamic of compromise and resistance that persists today. While there are areas of convergence between the two, their differences remain pronounced in certain fundamental aspects. One such area is their conceptualization of the state. The West advocates democracy as the prevailing global political model, whereas Islam introduces the caliphate, a political system that places divine sovereignty at its core. This dichotomy has been widely explored by scholars, intellectuals, and academics. However, few efforts have been made to reconcile these two systems through the framework of Prophetic Social Science, a paradigm of Islamic thought developed by Indonesian reformer Kuntowijoyo. This study seeks to fill that gap by employing Prophetic Social Science as an analytical tool to construct an academic and humane synthesis between the caliphate and democracy, without stripping Islam of its essential values and principles. The study addresses two central questions: What is the conceptual and thematic understanding of the caliphate in Islam? How can it be reconciled with democratic principles through the lens of Prophetic Social Science? From these questions, two hypotheses emerge: first, that the caliphate does not prescribe a fixed governmental structure, but rather embodies universal values such as justice, equality, welfare, education, and prosperity—values that are also recognized globally. Second, Prophetic Social Science, as a transformative Islamic paradigm in the contemporary era, offers a framework for articulating and implementing these values within democratic contexts.
THE ROLE OF THE KHALWATIYAH SAMMANIYAH TAREKAT IN PROMOTING POLITICAL ETHICS IN MAROS REGENCY Andi Jufri; Rosmini Rosmini; Muh. Tahir; Latifah Abdul Majid
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1617

Abstract

This study examines the role of the Khalwatiyah Sammaniyah Tarekat in promoting political ethics in Maros Regency. As a long-established Sufi order in Indonesian society, the Khalwatiyah Sammaniyah Tarekat plays a significant role in shaping political behavior and morality at the local level. The research explores the contributions of this Sufi order in promoting ethical political practices in Maros. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews with religious leaders (mursyid of the Khalwatiyah Sammaniyah Tarekat), local stakeholders, and community members affiliated with the order. The study also incorporates relevant literature on the history and principles of the Khalwatiyah Sammaniyah Tarekat, political ethics, moral development theories, and the role of Sufi orders in the Indonesian sociopolitical context. Findings indicate that the Khalwatiyah Sammaniyah Tarekat actively promotes values such as simplicity, tolerance, and honesty, which are essential for fostering ethical political behavior. This study offers insight into how religious and spiritual institutions contribute to the development of a more ethical political culture in the Maros Regency.
BECOMING A WARIA SHALIHAH: ASPIRATIONS OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOSITY AT PESANTREN AL-FATAH, YOGYAKARTA Alfajar Nugraha; Ahmad Fauzi; Lidya Kandowangko; Almunauwar Bin Rusli
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1620

Abstract

The movement to become a waria shalihah has gained significant momentum at Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) Al-Fatah Yogyakarta. However, this rise in religious piety among waria has faced resistance from segments of the local Muslim community that hold anti-LGBTQ sentiments. In the Indonesian context, waria is a locally specific term combining wanita (woman) and pria (man) and refers to individuals assigned male at birth who embody a feminine gender identity. This study, based on a qualitative ethnographic approach and the sociology of knowledge framework, identified two key findings. First, the Islamic religiosity aspirations of the waria congregants at Pesantren Al-Fatah are expressed through contextual interpretations of Qur’anic verses such as Surah An-Nisa:124, Al-Hujurat:13, and An-Nur:31. These interpretations affirm their waria identity and serve as a response to ideological attacks from the Islamic Jihad Front (FJI), which draws on verses such as An-Nisa:1, Al-A’raf:81, and Ash-Shu’ara:173–174 to challenge their religious legitimacy. The FJI’s actions are motivated by a desire to prevent the waria in Yogyakarta from achieving socio-political influence similar to transgender communities in Taiwan or Thailand. Second, the waria’s pursuit of Islamic piety has led to new devotional practices, including performing umrah. For instance, YS aspires to become a Nyai, a respected religious woman within the waria Islamic tradition who can guide future generations of students at Pesantren Al-Fatah. These findings suggest that a fiqh waria (waria Islamic jurisprudence) approach could inform inclusive and contextualized Islamic education in contemporary Indonesia. The waria congregants at Pesantren Al-Fatah affirms that being a waria shalilah is both a human right and aligned with Islamic principles. Pesantren Al-Fatah Yogyakarta has become a symbol of the deconstruction, rationalization, and contextualization of waria civic and political futures in contemporary Indonesia.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION STRATEGY FOR IMPLEMENTING HALAL MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF THE MSME INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha; Ferida Rahmawati; Muhamad Shulthoni; Zohaib Hassan Sain
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1623

Abstract

This research examines digital transformation strategies for implementing halal management in the MSME industry in Pakistan. The main problem in this research is the low level of adoption of digital technology in the halal MSME sector, which is caused by limited resources, low digital literacy, and a lack of regulations that support digitalization. This research analyzes strategies halal MSMEs can implement to utilize digital technology to increase business efficiency, expand market access, and ensure compliance with halal standards. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis from various sources, including MSMEs, halal certification institutions, and digital economy experts. Analysis was carried out using the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The research results show that digital transformation can increase the competitiveness of halal MSMEs through the adoption of e-commerce, social media-based marketing, and Sharia-based digital payment systems. However, challenges in implementing technology are still significant, especially in regulation and digital literacy. Therefore, synergy is needed between the government, academia, and the private sector to create a business environment that supports the digital transformation of halal MSMEs in Pakistan.
REPRESENTATION OF POPULAR ISLAM IN DIGITAL SPACE: RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE IN SUFI EXPRESSIONS ON THE INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT “_zukkk” Farida Novita Rahmah; Siti Roisadul Nisok; Muammar Iqbal Ma’rief; Zainun Nur Hisyam Taurus
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1625

Abstract

The development of digital technology and social media has transformed the landscape of religious practices, particularly in the context of Popular Islam in Indonesia. This article examines the representation of Popular Islam through Sufi expressions on the Instagram account _zukkk, focusing on how visually Sufi-inspired representations convey messages of tolerance and religious inclusivity in the digital space. Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic approach is used to analyze the visual meanings in these digital artworks, while Stuart Hall’s theory of representation is applied to understand how these meanings are constructed and negotiated within social and media contexts. The analysis shows that the Sufi expressions on _zukkk are not merely artistic works, but a social construction that emphasizes the values of moderation and openness in Popular Islam. Sufism, as the spiritual foundation of this expression, also helps shape an inclusive and tolerant view of religion, engaging in interfaith dialogue amidst the dominant narratives of conservative and digital religiosity. This study also highlights the important role of social media as a space for negotiating meaning, where visual representation becomes an effective medium for spreading spiritual and social messages. This research contributes to the study of Popular Islam and digital media by presenting Sufism as an inclusive discourse that is visually represented and socially produced within the digital realm. These findings encourage a new understanding of the relationship between art, spirituality, and religious tolerance in the complex and diverse virtual world.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF DIGITAL LEARNING IN STATE ISLAMIC SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS (MAN) IN MAKASSAR Syawal Kurnia Putra; Baso Marannu; Noor Insyiraah Abu Bakar; Ali Hanafi
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1628

Abstract

This study aims to explore and analyze the digital learning transformations in State Islamic Senior High Schools in Makassar. In the era of advanced information and communication technology, the digital learning integration becomes an urgent need in the education field, including Islamic schools (madrasahs). This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a study case method, which focuses on digital learning transformation in Islamic State Senior High Schools in Makassar. The study was conducted at three locations: State Islamic Senior High School 1 (MAN 1) on Talasalapang street, State Islamic Senior High School 2 (MAN 2) on AP. Pettarani street, and State Islamic Senior High School 3 (MAN 3) on Perintis Kemerdekaan street. The research informants were the principals, vice principals in charge of curriculum, and 30 teachers who teach in grade X, XI, and XII. Data were gathered by purposive sampling method, which included observations, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that State Islamic Senior High Schools in Makassar have shifted toward the digital era by implementing web-based learning method. Through this method, students gained easier access to online learning processes through madrasah e-learning platform or Learning Management System (LMS) specifically designed to support education in today’s digital era. Technology-based teaching methods are the integral part of instructional strategies, creating more personal and interactive learning experiences. This research highlights the importance of adaptation in technology in madrasah education to improve the quality and effectiveness of learning in the digital era. 
ENGAGING NON-STATE ACTOR IN SECOND-TRACK DIPLOMACY: A STUDY OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA IN PROMOTING MODERATE ISLAM Ridwan Ridwan; Kamilatul Farikhah; Yusuf R Yanuri
Al-Qalam Vol. 31 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Qalam
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31969/alq.v31i1.1629

Abstract

Indonesia employs second-track diplomacy by engaging Islamic mass organizations as non-state actors and undertakes various forms of interfaith diplomacy to promote moderate Islam and achieve global peace. This article explains Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) 's efforts in promoting moderate Islam and addressing several global issues. The authors argue that Indonesia's collaboration with NU in the second-track diplomacy to project itself as a moderate Muslim country and utilize NU's influence to promote peace, tolerance, and interfaith dialogue globally. Hence, this partnership aims to enhance Indonesia's international reputation and address global challenges caused by religious and cultural misunderstandings. Overall, this article enriches the literature on Indonesia's global identity as a moderate Muslim nation shaped by the cooperation between the state and non-state actors.

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