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INDONESIA
JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM)
Published by Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26550814     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Volume I Nomor 1 Periode Mei - Oktober Tahun 2018. Jurnal ini memberikan ruang bagi akademisi, peneliti dan pengguna hasil penelitian dan pengabdian untuk mendiseminasikan, menginformasikan, mendiskusikan dan menggunakan hasil penelitian dan pengabdian sebagai upaya meningkatkan kualitas kebijakan di bidang farmasi yang berbasis ilmiah dan dapat dipertanggung jawabkan. Jurnal ini menyajikan hasil penelitian, pengabdian masyarakat serta artikel ilmiah di bidang farmasi.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 314 Documents
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Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Moringa (Moringa Oleifera L.) Leaves on Increasing Hemoglobin (Hb) Levels in White Mice ZULFIKRI; Nasution, Pratiwi Rukmana; Ernoviya
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/by8j7q85

Abstract

Background. Moringa leaves are a part of the Moringa tree that contain various macro and micronutrients as well as active substances that function as antioxidants. They contain important nutrients such as iron (Fe), calcium, vitamins, and protein. Moringa leaves are also used as the main ingredient in medicines for prevention and treatment. The iron content in Moringa leaves can be utilised in the management of anaemia. To enhance the utilisation of Moringa leaves, scientific evidence is required to prove their effect on increasing haemoglobin (Hb) levels. Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves on increasing haemoglobin levels in white rats induced by NaNO2 solution. Methodology. An experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design was used. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, and then orally induced with NaNO2 solution for 18 days. Group I was given 0.5% Na CMC; Group II was given ethanol extract of Moringa leaves at 125 mg/kg BW/day; Group III was given ethanol extract of Moringa leaves at 250 mg/kg BW/day; Group IV was given ethanol extract of Moringa leaves at 375 mg/kg BW/day; and Group V was given Sangobion supplement at a dose of 4.5 mg/200 g BW/day. The treatments were administered for 14 days. The Hb levels of the rats were measured on days 7 and 14 after treatment. Results. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L.) at doses of 125 mg/kgBW, 250 mg/kgBW, and 375 mg/kgBW led to a significant increase in Hb values on days 7 and 14 (P < 0.05). Conclusion. The ethanol extract of Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L.) is effective in significantly increasing haemoglobin levels in white rats induced by NaNO₂ (p < 0.05).
Narrative Review: A Comparative Analysis Of The Effectiveness Of Insulin And OAD Treatment in BPJS Outpatients Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Various Hospitals In Indonesia Oktaviana, Wina; Wahyuningsih, Sri
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/x7rzrg82

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by elevated random blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL or fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus constitutes a global health threat with a projection of 28.57 million cases in Indonesia, predicted to become a significant financial burden on the National Health Insurance System by 2045 with costs ranging from 1.6 Trillion to 3 Trillion Rupiah. This study analyzes the comparative effectiveness of Insulin versus Oral Antidiabetic Drug treatment patterns in BPJS outpatients through systematic literature review using PRISMA protocol through a primary article search on Google Scholar for the 2020-2025 period resulting in 309 articles, 299 articles did not meet the criteria for inclusive inclusion, and the remaining 10 articles continued to the assessment analysis stage. Findings reveal therapeutic equivalence of both modalities with non-significant Hba1c reduction difference (0.123%; P=0.608), yet Oral Antidiabetic Drugs demonstrate economic superiority with Metformin-Sulfonylurea combination being more Cost-Effective than Metformin-Insulin (P<0.001). Patient characteristics, comorbidities, and adherence significantly influenced therapeutic response, with 79% of patients demonstrating suboptimal glycemic control. Effectiveness variability was determined by institutional clinical protocols, and the INA-CBG rate of new-generation insulin achieved a profit margin of 3.30%. The Study provides empirical evidence for optimizing stepwise therapy algorithms prioritizing Oral Antidiabetic Drugs before Insulin Escalation within Indonesia's Health Coverage Context.
Article Review: Evaluation of Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Therapy Compliance in Adult Patients at Several Hospitals in West Java Septiyadi; Elin Yulinah Sukandar
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/rs8nvs72

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with the lungs as the primary site of infection, although other organs can also be affected. To date, tuberculosis control still faces various challenges, particularly related to the long duration of treatment, which can last for months. This long duration of therapy often results in decreased patient compliance in taking medication regularly. This low compliance directly contributes to treatment failure, an increased risk of relapse, and the potential for drug resistance. Furthermore, given the contagious nature of pulmonary tuberculosis, patient non-compliance also increases the risk of disease spread in the community. This study aims to describe the compliance profile of pulmonary tuberculosis patients undergoing anti-tuberculosis therapy in several hospitals in West Java Province. The method used is descriptive, examining variations in patient compliance levels based on available data. The results show significant variation in the level of compliance with anti-tuberculosis medication in the studied hospitals, ranging from 12.5% ​​to 92.8%. This variation indicates differences in factors that influence compliance, such as support from healthcare workers, patient understanding, and access to healthcare services. This study emphasizes the importance of targeted interventions to improve patient adherence to support successful therapy, accelerate the healing process, and sustainably reduce the rate of tuberculosis transmission in the community. Efforts to improve adherence can be achieved through comprehensive health education, strengthening treatment monitoring systems, and involving families in patient support. Furthermore, innovative community-based services have the potential to improve access and quality of treatment, resulting in more optimal and sustainable long-term therapy outcomes for all pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Overview of Antiepileptic Drug (AED) Use in Outpatient Patients at UNS Hospital Maya Nur Ayu Fatdhillillah; Purwaningsih, Avianti Eka Dewi Aditya; E. Aprilia L. Tobing
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/5s852a48

Abstract

Epilepsy is a long-term disorder of the nervous system that requires long-term therapy using antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) to control seizures. The proper pattern of AED use plays a significant role in the effectiveness of treatment and patients’ overall well-being. This study aims to describe the use of antiepileptic drugs in outpatient patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital during the period of January-December 2024. This study used a non-experimental design with a descriptive approach, and data collection was conducted retrospectively through the review of medical records of epilepsy patients. From a total population of 1,236 medical record data, 303 samples were collected that satisfied the inclusion criteria. The analyzed data included patient characteristics based on gender and age, types of AED therapy, dosage, and usage rules. The study results show that outpatient epilepsy patients were predominantly female (53.14%) and the young adult age group 19-65 years (81.19%). The most commonly used therapy pattern was monotherapy, with Phenytoin 100 mg being the most frequently prescribed drug (28.38%), mainly at a dose of 1 tablet twice daily. Combination therapy was used in some patients with variations of two to four antiepileptic drugs. The conclusion of this study indicates that phenytoin is still the primary choice in the outpatient management of epilepsy at UNS Hospital, and reflects its role as a first-line drug effective in controlling various types of seizures. Predominated by females (53.14%) and the young adult age group aged 19-65 years (81.19%).
Knowledge and Attitudes of Indigenous Papuan Communities Toward HIV/AIDS in Nabire District Rachmawati, Ema; Kusumaningrum, Yunita Dyah; Machlaurin, Afifah; Firandi, Adelia; Damayanti, Putri Elsa
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/2cfpmp04

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks white blood cells and gradually weakens the immune system. Without appropriate treatment, HIV infection can progress to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a late stage marked by severe immune impairment. Papua is one of the provinces with the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence in Indonesia which indicating the importance of understanding community knowledge and attitudes as key elements in prevention and control efforts. This study aimed to describe the level of knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS among Indigenous Papuan communities in Nabire District. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability, consisting of 23 knowledge items and 11 attitude items. A total of 300 respondents who met the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. The findings showed that respondents’ knowledge was categorized as high (28%), moderate (32%), and low (39.67%). With regard to attitudes toward HIV/AIDS, 13% of respondents demonstrated good attitudes, 42.67% had moderate attitudes, and 43.67% showed poor attitudes. It can be concluded that the average level of knowledge among indigenous Papuan communities remains low, accompanied by less favorable attitudes toward HIV/AIDS. These findings indicate the need to strengthen more intensive, targeted, and socio-culturally appropriate educational programs to improve knowledge and promote more positive attitudes toward HIV/AIDS particularly in Nabire District.
In silico Study of the Antidiabetic Potential of Alkaloid Compounds from the Roots of Acalypha indica: Molecular Docking and ADMET Prediction Lakasan, Ahmad Chandra; Duengo, Suleman; Arviani; Musa, Wenny JA; Aloanis, Anderson Arnold; Botutihe, Deasy Natalia
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/j5150f91

Abstract

Oral Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) therapy gastrointestinal side effects encouraged bioactive alternative exploration via Acalypha indica root alkaloids. This study aimed to evaluate Acalypha indica root alkaloids detected by LC-HRMS against α-glucosidase using molecular docking and ADMET evaluation. Ligand structures were optimized via ChemDraw 3D while 2QMJ receptor preparation was conducted using Discovery Studio Client and AutoDock Tools. Parameters were validated through redocking with RMSD <2 Å. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina with interaction visualization via Discovery Studio Visualizer and PyMOL while pharmacokinetic profiles were predicted using ADMETlab. Results identify compound (1) as the most potent inhibitor with ΔG -9.47 kcal/mol surpassing acarbose stability. Visualizations confirm hydrophobic interaction strengthening at key catalytic residues Asp443 and Asp542 indicating a competitive inhibition mechanism. Compound (1) selection as the primary candidate is based on high affinity and genotoxic safety due to mutagenicity absence in AMES parameters. Compound (1) ADMET characteristics show low intestinal permeability advantageous for local action in the intestinal lumen similar to acarbose. This study recommends compound (1) as a potential antidiabetic candidate for further testing although structural optimization is required to mitigate organ toxicity risks at advanced clinical stages.
Antibacterial Activity of Tobacco Flower Extract Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Hariadi, Puspawan; Andhini Yasmina Hukmi; Baiq Maylinda Gemantari
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/x219jd72

Abstract

Background: Tobacco is known contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds which has pharmacological activity. As a part of the plant, it flowers have not been widely explored but are potentially rich in bioactive compounds that may be utilized as natural antibacterial agents. Aim: this study aimed to determine the antibacterial potential of tobacco flower extract against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: The ethanolic extract of tobacco flowers was obtained using a graded maceration method. The experimental groups were divided into six groups, consisting of four treatment groups with extract concentrations of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, as well as one positive control group and one negative control group. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method. Result: The results showed that tobacco flower extract at concentrations at 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% revealed inhibition zone diameters against Staphylococcus aureus as 0.6 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.8 mm, and 3 mm respectively, while were 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.6 mm, and 2.8 mm, respectively against Pseudomonas aeruginosa the inhibition zones. The positive control exhibited inhibition zone diameters of 18.6 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 15.8 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas the negative control showed no inhibition zone (0 mm) against both test bacteria. Those activities known related to secondary metabolites compound that could inhibit bacterial growth. Conclusion: Based on those findings, the potency of tobacco flower extract posses inferior in antibacterial activity.
Efficacy of Keji Beling Leaf Extract Gel (Sericocly Crispi Folium) as an Anti-Ulcer Agent in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rat Models: A Histological and Inflammatory Mediator Study Grace Angel Natalia br tarigan; Muhammad Yunus; Nerly Juli pranita simanjuntak
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/jttdap47

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that can cause complications in the form of diabetic ulcers, which are wounds that are difficult to heal due to high blood glucose levels and prolonged inflammation. One herbal plant with potential wound-healing properties is keji beling leaf (Sericocly Crispi Folium), as it contains flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and antibacterial compounds. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of keji beling leaf extract gel on burn wound healing in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: This was an experimental study using 30 white rats divided into six groups: normal control, negative control (gel base), positive control (bioplasenton gel), and treatment groups receiving keji beling leaf extract gel at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Results : Diabetes was induced using alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg body weight. Burn wounds were created on the dorsal area of the rats, followed by treatment for 14 days. Wound healing was evaluated by measuring wound diameter and through histopathological examination of skin tissue. Results and Conclusion: The results showed that keji beling leaf extract gel accelerated wound healing in diabetic rats compared to the negative control. The 15% concentration produced the best outcomes, indicated by the greatest reduction in wound diameter and improved histopathological features, including better re-epithelialization, increased collagen deposition, and reduced inflammation.
Quantitative Determination of L-Histidine HCl, L-Arginine HCl, Glycine, and Threonine in a Laboratory-Scale Sterile Formulation by UPLC Bagus Ovi Pratama
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/yme6a973

Abstract

Background: Establishing dependable analytical procedures is crucial for maintaining the quality of amino acid–based sterile formulations, particularly during early-stage development. Objective: This study describes the development and validation of an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method for the concurrent determination of L-Histidine HCl, L-Arginine HCl, Glycine, and Threonine in laboratory-scale preparations. Methods:  The chromatographic system was optimized to produce distinct and symmetrical peaks, ensuring adequate resolution without interference from formulation components, solvents, or possible impurities.Validation of the proposed method was carried out based on widely accepted analytical criteria, including linearity, precision, accuracy, and assay evaluation. Result: The calibration curves exhibited strong linear relationships within the studied concentration ranges, with correlation coefficients (r) exceeding 0.98 for all compounds. Repeatability was demonstrated by relative standard deviation (RSD) values below 2%, indicating consistent analytical performance. Accuracy assessment through recovery experiments produced values approaching 100%, confirming the method’s reliability. Furthermore, assay results for each analyte were within the predefined acceptance range of 90%–110%.The analysis was completed within approximately 7 minutes, demonstrating the method’s efficiency for routine laboratory use. Conclusion: In summary, the developed UPLC method is precise, accurate, and suitable for simultaneous amino acid quantification in sterile formulation studies and quality control applications.
Optimization of Tomato Fruit Extract Gel (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Using the Simplex Lattice Design Method and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation Salma uswatun khasanah; Anna Fitriawati; Bangkit Riska Permata
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/7tr8t086

Abstract

Background: Exposure to ultraviolet radiation and free radicals can induce oxidative stress, leading to skin damage and premature aging. Therefore, topical formulations containing effective and safe antioxidants are required. Tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum  L.) is known to contain flavonoids and lycopene, which act as natural antioxidants and possess potential photoprotective properties. Gel formulations were selected due to their good spreadability, cooling sensation, non-comedogenic nature, and ease of application. To achieve optimal physical quality of gel preparations, optimization of the gel base composition is necessary. Objective: This study aimed to determine the optimum formulation of tomato fruit extract (Solanum lycopersicum  L.) gel with varying concentrations of HPMC and propylene glycol using the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method, as well as to evaluate the physical characteristics and antioxidant activity of the resulting optimum formulation. Tomato fruit extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol as the solvent. Methods: Gel formulation optimization was performed using the Simplex Lattice Design method with Design- Expert® software, involving combinations of HPMC as a gelling agent and propylene glycol as a humectant. The evaluated physical quality parameters included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, and viscosity. The optimum formulation was subsequently tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method by UV–Vis spectrophotometry and expressed as the IC₅₀ value. Results: The results indicated that variations in HPMC and propylene glycol concentrations significantly affected the physical characteristics of the gel formulation. The obtained optimum formulation met all the requirements for good and stable gel physical quality. Conclusion: Antioxidant activity testing demonstrated that the optimum formulation exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 74.12 ppm, indicating its potential for development as a natural antioxidant topical gel.

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