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Contact Name
Rivo Hasper Dimenta
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rivohasperdimenta@ulb.ac.id
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+6281362238917
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nukleus@ulb.ac.id
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Jalan Sisingamangaraja No.126 A KM 3.5 Aek Tapa, Bakaran Batu, Rantau Selatan, Kabupaten Labuhan Batu, Sumatera Utara 21418
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Kab. labuhanbatu,
Sumatera utara
INDONESIA
Jurnal Pembelajaran dan Biologi Nukleus
ISSN : 24429481     EISSN : 26857332     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36987/jpbn
Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi merupakan jurnal elektronik yang merupakan wadah penerbitan artikel penelitian original yang terkait dengan penelitian pendidikan biologi. Jurnal ini dikelola oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologidibawah naungan LPPM Universitas Labuhanbatu. Jurnal ini diterbitkan dua kali dalam setahun pada bulan Maret dan September. Jurnal ini menyajikan hasil penelitian dibidang Pendidikan Biologi dan sains Biologi.
Articles 472 Documents
Development of a Constructivist Teaching Sequence-Based Teaching Module Assisted by Augmented Reality to Train Digital Literacy Skills and Improve Learning Outcomes Winda Asmarani; Ilyas H. Husain; Syam S. Kumaji; Masra Latjompoh; Wirnangsi Din Uno
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9332

Abstract

Background: Learning in the Merdeka Curriculum emphasizes the integration of local wisdom to create more contextual learning experiences. However, environmental pollution topics are still often taught theoretically, resulting in students having limited understanding of their practical application and low environmental awareness. Observations and questionnaire results at SMA Negeri 1 Mowewe Senior High School revealed that 90.6% of students needed learning materials that could foster environmental awareness. Therefore, a Student Worksheet based on the local wisdom values of Samaturu was developed. Methodology: This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model. Data were collected through interviews, student needs questionnaires, expert validation, and teacher and student response questionnaires. The effectiveness of the Student Worksheet was evaluated using a one-group pretest-posttest design by measuring students’ Samaturu attitudes based on the indicators of cooperation, mutual assistance, responsibility, and participation. Findings: The developed Student Worksheet obtained a validity index of 82.72%, which was categorized as highly valid according to the validity criteria used in this study. Its practicality level reached 91.46%, which was categorized as highly practical based on the practicality criteria applied. Descriptive analysis showed that the average students’ Samaturu attitude score increased from 42.48 to 88.31 after the implementation of the Student Worksheet. Furthermore, the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test yielded a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating that the Samaturu local wisdom-based Student Worksheet was effective in improving students’ Samaturu attitudes in environmental pollution learning. Contribution: The Samaturu local wisdom-based Student Worksheet is feasible for use as a contextual teaching material in biology learning. The integration of Samaturu values into learning activities contributes to fostering students’ cooperation, environmental awareness, and responsibility toward the environment.
Anticandida Activity of Gut Symbiont Bacteria from Sea Urchins Against Candida albicans, the Causative Agent of Candidiasis Dita Delia Rothman; Risky Hadi Wibowo; M. Eka Prastya; Sipriyadi Sipriyadi; Morina Adfa; Uci Cahlia
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9101

Abstract

Background: Candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Candida albicans, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals. Increasing antifungal resistance has encouraged the search for natural anticandidal agents, including sea urchin gut symbiotic bacteria. Information regarding the anticandidal activity of gut symbiotic from Stomopneustes variolaris and Tripneustes ventricosus remains limited. This study evaluated the anticandidal potential of gut symbiotic bacterial isolates from these sea urchins collected from Laguna Beach and Pengubaian Beach, Kaur Regency, Bengkulu. Methodology: Six bacterial isolates, TVL 6, TVL 11, TVL 13, SVP 1, SVP 6, and SVP 15 were subcultured on Zobell Marine Agar (ZMA) and tested against C. albicans. Anticandida activity was evaluated using the spot inoculation method for bacterial cultures and the disk diffusion method for bacterial pellets. Nystatin and sterile distilled water served as positive and negative controls, with all assays performed in triplicate. Inhibition zones were measured using a digital caliper. Findings: All isolates inhibited the growth of C. albicans. In the culture assay, isolate TVL 6 showed the highest inhibition zone diameter of 11.58 mm, while SVP 1 showed the lowest activity (8.08 mm). In the pellet assay, TVL 11 exhibited the highest activity (16.65 mm), whereas SVP 15 showed the lowest activity (5.50 mm). Overall, pellet preparations produced larger inhibition zones than culture preparations. Contributions: Gut symbiotic bacteria from sea urchins collected in Kaur Regency, Bengkulu, showed promising anticandidal activity against C. albicans, supporting their potential as marine-derived sources of alternative anticandidal against and providing a basis for future studies on isolate identification, bioactive metabolites, and mechanisms of action.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera): An Ethnomedicinal Investigation in Kaway XVI, West Aceh Irzal Fanany; Nasrianti Syam; Cukri Rahma; Laila Apriani Hasanah Harahap; Ravi Masitah; Rubi Rimonda; Mardi Fadillah
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9163

Abstract

Background: Moringa oleifera Lam. represents a crucial botanical asset globally, yet its localized phytochemical expressions under specific coastal microclimates remain under-explored, threatening the standardization of community-based traditional medicine. M. oleifera Lam. is a versatile, multipurpose tree species that holds significant importance in the ethnomedicine of the West Aceh community. While previous studies heavily rely on dried extracts, this study establishes the baseline phytochemical integrity of fresh, unextracted coastal specimens, bridging the gap between empirical local preparation methods and laboratory validation. This study aimed to characterize the qualitative phytochemical profile of M. oleifera leaves sourced from Kaway XVI Subdistrict and to document their traditional applications as a basis for scientific validation. Methodology:  Employing a qualitative experimental, phytochemical screening was performed directly on fresh leaf samples using standardized assays-including Mayer’s, Wagner’s, and Dragendorff’s tests for alkaloids, the Shinoda test for flavonoids, and the ferric chloride test for phenolics—thereby minimizing the degradation of secondary metabolites often associated with intensive solvent extraction processes. Findings: The qualitative analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins, and steroids, while terpenoids were notably absent. The identification of these bioactive constituents provides scientific substantiation for the local ethnomedicinal use of M. oleifera as both a nutritional supplement and a galactagogue agent. This study provides a baseline phytochemical profile derived from fresh, non-extracted plant material, offering a more ecologically relevant representation of bioactive compounds as utilized in traditional practices. Contribution: The findings contribute to bridging the gap between empirical ethnomedicine and laboratory validation, and support the standardization of Moringa as material for nutraceutical, and functional food development
Endophytic Bacteria From Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) Leaves and Its Activity Against the Pathogens Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli Mega Dwi Rhama; Dewi Chusniasih; Khaerunissa Anbar Istiadi; Erma Suryanti; Hida Arliani Nur Anisa
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.8254

Abstract

Background: One possible source of bioactive substances is endophytic bacteria. These bacteria reside in plant tissues without harming the host plant. By generating unique chemicals in plant tissues and boosting the body's defense mechanisms against host plants, endophytic bacteria can manage infections. The purpose of this study is to investigate and describe the ability of endophytic bacteria from bidara leaves to create antimicrobial substances via their metabolite activities. Methodology: Nutrient Agar (NA) media was used exclusively for the isolation and culture of endophytic bacteria. Endophytic bacterial colonies were morphologically characterized both macroscopically and microscopically. Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli growth inhibition was evaluated for endophytic bacterial metabolites (supernatants) with disc diffusion method. Chloramphenicol 0.3% used as positive control, and steriled aquadest as negative control. Findings: END01, END02, and END03 are the three endophytic bacterial isolates that were recovered. The three isolates differed in their edges and forms; END01 was Gram negative, whereas END02 and END03 were Gram positive. Isolate END01 and END03 selected for strong inhibition in antagonist tests against S. typhi (16.44 mm and 12.57 mm, respectively) compared to chloramphenicol control (45.86 mm). Their secondary metabolites were harvested at stationary phase, and chemical screening confirmed positive flavonoids in cell-free supernatants. The END01 supernatant showed the highest antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zones of 26.30 mm against S. typhi and 11.34 mm against E. coli, categorized as very strong and strong inhibition, respectively. Contribution: Endophytic bacteria isolated from the bidara leaves have the potential to inhibit the growth of pathogenic Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. This study represents the first reported exploration of endophytic bacteria from bidara leaves as flavonoid-producing antimicrobial agents against these clinically significant pathogens
Species Composition, Structural Patterns, and Environmental Drivers of a Low-Diversity Mangrove Ecosystem in Toima Village, Banggai, Indonesia Siti Aisyah Marjuno; Moh. Fahri Haruna; Fredik Falentino Suboong; Suci in Zahra
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9226

Abstract

Background: Mangrove ecosystems are increasingly threatened by land-use change, coastal development, and other anthropogenic disturbances that can reduce biodiversity and impair ecosystem functions. Recent information, species composition and vegetation structure in Toima Village remains limited. This study aimed to analyze species composition, vegetation structure, and environmental factors associated with the mangrove ecosystem in Toima Village, Banggai Regency. Methodology: Data were collected using  purposive sampling approach combined with line-transect plots at 2 sampling stations, comprising 9 plots representing seedling, sapling, and tree growth stages. Vegetation analyses included the Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), dominance index (C), and environmental parameters. Findings: The results revealed that the mangrove community consisted of only 3 species: Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, and Sonneratia caseolaris. Species diversity was low across all growth stages (H’= 0.84–0.89), whereas Evenness was relatively high (E= 0.76–0.81). S. caseolaris exhibited the highest IVI values, reaching 134.36% at the tree stage, 179.41% at the sapling stage, and 128.67% at the seedling stage, indicating strong dominance and regeneration capacity. Environmental conditions supported mangrove growth, with salinity ranging from 23–24 ppt, temperatures around 30°C, and neutral pH levels. However, differences in substrate characteristics, with mixed mud–sand substrates supporting better mangrove growth than predominantly sandy substrates. Anthropogenic activities, particularly port development and land conversion, were associated with reduced mangrove diversity in the Toima area. Contribution: These findings highlight the importance of substrate heterogeneity and species-specific adaptive capacity in shaping mangrove community structure within low-diversity ecosystems and provide a scientific basis for locally adapted mangrove conservation, management, and restoration strategies
Screening of Metalloprotease-Producing Thermophilic Bacteria and Optimization of Trace Elements for Enzyme Activity Mellanie Alia Putri; Anthoni Agustien; Yetty Marlida; Ayumi Rizci Puspita
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9385

Abstract

Background: Thermophilic bacteria are potential sources of thermostable enzymes with important applications in biotechnology and industry. Among these enzymes, metalloproteases are of particular interest because their catalytic activity depends on metal ions. This study aimed to screen thermophilic bacterial isolates from hot springs in Solok Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia, for metalloprotease production and to evaluate the effects of trace elements on metalloprotease activity. Methodology: Four thermophilic bacterial isolates (TUA-104,                   TUA-106, TUA-109, and TUA-113) were cultivated in protease production medium (pH 8.0) at 50oC for 24 hours, and crude enzymes were obtained by centrifugation. Metalloprotease screening was conducted using EDTA inhibition assays through well diffusion and specific protease activity analyses. The isolate showing the strongest metalloprotease characteristics was further evaluated using 5 ppm Ca²⁺, Mn²⁺, and Zn²⁺ supplementation. Findings: The results showed that isolates TUA-106, TUA-109, and TUA-113 exhibited characteristics of metalloprotease-producing bacteria. Among them, TUA-106 showed the most consistent inhibition pattern, with specific activity decreasing from 0.780 U/mg in the control to 0.522 U/mg after treatment with 10 mM EDTA. Zn²⁺ produced the highest specific activity (0.284 U/mg), followed by Mn²⁺ (0.263 U/mg), whereas Ca²⁺ resulted in the lowest activity (0.036 U/mg). Contribution: These findings indicate that TUA-106 is a potential Zn-dependent metalloprotease-producing thermophilic bacterium and provide new insight into the metalloprotease-producing potential of thermophilic bacteria from Solok geothermal environments for future biotechnological applications
Potential of Metroxylon sagu Flour as an Alternative Medium for Escherichia coli Growth: A Papuan Carbohydrate Source for Microbiology Laboratory independence Sarima Sarima; Makmum Ashari; Witri Winanda; Mona Fathia
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9230

Abstract

Background: Commercial microbiological media such as Nutrient Agar (NA) are widely used for cultivating non-fastidious bacteria, but their cost and procurement time may limit routine microbiology practicums in eastern Indonesia. This study evaluated Papuan sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) flour as a local alternative medium for Escherichia coli growth.  Methodology: A comparative laboratory experiment was conducted using NA as the control and a sago flour-based medium formulated from 10 g sago flour, 4 g agar, 7 g glucose, and 1 g monosodium glutamate in 500 mL distilled water. E. coli suspensions standardized to 0.5 McFarland were serially diluted, spread-plated in triplicate, and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. Colony counts were calculated from the 10-4 dilution because all replicate plates were within the countable range. Findings: The sago flour medium supported E. coli growth up to 4.5 × 10⁶ CFU/mL, lower than the 11 × 10⁶ CFU/mL obtained on NA, but still showing consistent growth viability. The relative effectiveness of the sago flour medium reached 40.9% of the standard medium. Colonies on sago medium remained circular, entire, and convex but were smaller and milky white. The reduced growth suggests that sago flour mainly supplies carbohydrates, while nitrogen and mineral availability may remain limiting. Contribution: Papuan sago flour is feasible as a low-cost educational medium for demonstrating bacterial growth, although further enrichment with nitrogen and mineral sources is required before it can approach the performance of NA
Fermentation Time-Dependent Changes in Bioactive Compounds and Physicochemical Properties of Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) Kombucha Ifah Izzati Harjilah; Ambarwati Ambarwati
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9235

Abstract

Background: The rising prevalence of hypertension drives the development of local functional beverages. Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) is a potential kombucha raw material due to its vitamin C and antioxidants, which increase through fermentation. This study analyzes the rarely researched effect of fermentation duration on starfruit kombucha's biochemical traits. Methodology: An experimental Completely Randomized Design (CRD) evaluated 4, 6, and 8-day fermentation durations with two replications. Fermentation occurred at room temperature (20-27°C) using SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast). Tested parameters included vitamin C (iodometric titration), antioxidant activity (DPPH), alcohol content (alcoholmeter), and pH. Data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative methods. Findings: Longer fermentation increased vitamin C, antioxidant activity, and alcohol content, but decreased pH due to rising acidity. The 8-day fermentation yielded optimal bioactivity: 167.405 mg/100g vitamin C, 80.630% antioxidant activity, and the lowest pH (4.470). However, its alcohol content reached 0.584%, slightly exceeding the 0.5% non-alcoholic limit. Thus, fermentation duration significantly alters the biochemical profile of starfruit kombucha. While an 8-day fermentation maximizes bioactive compounds, process optimization is needed to reduce alcohol levels to meet food safety standards. Contribution: The novelty of this research lies in assessing starfruit kombucha's biochemical characteristics across varying fermentation durations, an area rarely reported previously
Ethnoecological Perspective on Community Forest Conservation: The Susuk Wangan Ceremony in Setren Village, Wonogiri Frida Eka Putri; Santhyami Santhyami
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9181

Abstract

Background: Community-based conservation and traditional ecological knowledge are becoming increasingly vital in biodiversity conservation and sustainability science. Nevertheless, previous ethnoecological research has infrequently incorporated ritual behaviors, ecology elements, and conservation management. This study aimed to analyze the ecological elements and conservation management aspects inherent in the Susuk Wangan tradition in Setren Village, Wonogiri, Indonesia. Methodology: This study utilized a qualitative ethnoecological approach. Data were gathered through observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with 15 informants selected using purposive sampling. Data were analysed using descriptive analysis techniques, encompassing data condensation, data display, conclusion formulation/verification, and source triangulation. Findings: The findings identified five ecological elements: water source preservation, waterway sanitation, forest vegetation preservation, sustainable forest resource utilization, and wildlife conservation, supported by five conservation management components: local wisdom, customary rules, community participation, institutional regulations, and social-spiritual sanctions. Contribution: This study illustrates that the Susuk Wangan tradition embodies a unified socio-ecological governance framework grounded in traditional knowledge which supports community-based conservation and sustainable forest management in Setren Village, Wonogiri
Quantification of Extracellular α-Amylase Activity from Bacillus subtilis in a Strach Supplemented Medium Using Reducing Sugar Analysis Yuyun Nisaul Khairillah; Marina Ratte
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i2.9452

Abstract

Background: α-Amylase is an extracellular enzyme responsible for the degradation of starch by cleaving α-1,4-glycosidic linkages, thereby producing shorter reducing sugars. This reaction holds significance due to the abundance, cost-effectiveness, renewability, and widespread use of starch as a raw material in numerous bioprocesses. In the context of industrial starch processing, the hydrolysis mediated by amylase is integral to the liquefaction and saccharification stages, which are critical in determining the efficiency of syrup production, brewing, baking, bioethanol production, and other processes reliant on starch. Methodology: This study aims to evaluate the extracellular α-amylase activity from Bacillus subtilis cultivated in nutrient broth supplemented with 1% (w/v) soluble starch. The culture was incubated at 37°C for 24 h under shaking conditions at 130 rpm and an initial medium pH of 7.0. The crude extracellular enzyme was obtained by centrifugation at 6,000 rpm for 20 min. α-Amylase activity was determined using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay by measuring reducing sugars released from soluble starch hydrolysis, with maltose as the calibration standard. The enzyme activity was determined in U/mL by spectrophotometric analysis at 550 nm. Findings: The maltose standard curve produced the regression equation y = 0.7849x + 0.0938 and an R² value of 0.9732. The B. subtilis culture grown in starch-supplemented nutrient broth showed a mean absorbance of 2.3915 and an α-amylase activity of 0.116 U/mL. These results showed that                         B. subtilis secreted detectable extracellular α-amylase under the tested conditions, although the activity was low. Contribution: The addition of starch contributed to enzyme induction because starch functions as both a substrate-related carbon source and a signal for amylolytic enzyme production. Therefore, nutrient broth supplemented with 1% starch can be used as a simple medium for preliminary extracellular α-amylase production by B. subtilis

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