Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal)
MORFAI This journal will publish research articles or studies that are multidisciplinary in nature, including: education, law, health, agriculture, engineering, energy, technology, and social science. This journal is dedicated to explore and socialize many creative and innovative thought who focus in: Humanities: Art, History, Languages, Literature, Music, Philosophy, Religion, Theater, etc. Social Science: Geography, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, Anthropology Management: Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development Engineering: Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics Medical Science: Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry Biology: Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries Physical Education: Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health
Articles
1,804 Documents
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH) RISKS IN THE TRANSPORTATION PROCESS OF HAZARDOUS AND TOXIC WASTE (B3) USING THE HAZOP METHOD AND RISK MATRIX ]]>
<![CDATA[Andrea Felic Lim]]>;
<![CDATA[Kevin Jerrykent]]>;
<![CDATA[Uni Pratama Pebrina Br Tarigan]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[Occupational safety and health (OSH) is an important aspect of industrial activities, particularly in the transportation of hazardous and toxic waste (B3), which poses high potential risks to workers, the environment, and the surrounding community. PT.XYZ, as a hazardous waste transportation service company, faces various potential hazards at each stage of its operational process, including vehicle preparation, loading, transportation to the destination, unloading, as well as administration and housekeeping activities. This study aims to identify potential hazards, analyze the level of occupational safety and health risks, and formulate risk control recommendations in the hazardous waste transportation process at PT.XYZ. The research method used in this study is descriptive-analytical research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Hazard identification was carried out using the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) method based on field observations, interviews, and documentation studies. Risk level assessment was conducted using the Risk Matrix method by applying likelihood and severity parameters to classify risks into low, medium, high, and extreme categories. The results show that there are 20 potential hazards identified across all stages of the hazardous waste transportation process. The risk level recapitulation indicates that high and medium risk categories each account for 45%, extreme risk accounts for 10%, and no risks fall into the low category. Extreme risks were found during the transportation stage to the destination, particularly those related to driver fatigue and uncontrolled vehicle speed. Based on these findings, risk control recommendations were formulated using a risk control hierarchy approach, including administrative controls, engineering controls, and the use of personal protective equipment. The implementation of these recommendations is expected to reduce OSH risk levels and improve occupational safety and health performance in the hazardous waste transportation process at PT.XYZ.]]>
<![CDATA[THE INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS AND HEALTHCARE WORKERS’ DIGITAL COMPETENCE ON THE EFFICIENCY OF HOSPITAL SERVICES ]]>
<![CDATA[Astri Hindarti]]>;
<![CDATA[Kosasih]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the influence of Artificial Intelligence in diagnostic systems and the digital competence of healthcare workers on hospital service efficiency. The research employs a quantitative approach with an explanatory design to examine the causal relationships between variables. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to healthcare workers, including doctors, nurses, and administrative staff. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, applying validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that Artificial Intelligence in diagnostic systems has a positive and significant effect on hospital service efficiency. Similarly, the digital competence of healthcare workers also has a positive and significant influence on service efficiency. The simultaneous test (F-test) indicates that both variables jointly have a significant effect on hospital service efficiency. The coefficient of determination (R²) reveals that a substantial proportion of service efficiency can be explained by these two variables, while the remaining variance is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. These findings highlight that the integration of advanced technologies and the enhancement of human resource capabilities are essential in improving hospital service performance. The study suggests that hospitals should invest in the development of Artificial Intelligence systems as well as continuous training programs to strengthen the digital competence of healthcare workers. Such efforts are expected to support the achievement of efficient, effective, and high-quality healthcare services.]]>
<![CDATA[LEGAL ANALYSIS OF LEGAL PROTECTION FOR VICTIMS OF THE CRIMINAL ACTS OF EMBAGARY OF TWO-WHEEL VEHICLES (STUDY OF DECISION NUMBER 858/PID.B/2025/PN.LBP) ]]>
<![CDATA[Eva Lubis, Belovit]]>;
<![CDATA[Hisar Siregar]]>;
<![CDATA[Samuel Situmorang]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study examines legal protection for victims of motorcycle imbezzlement and a critical analysis of the judge's considerations in Decision Number 858/Pid.B/2025/PN.LBP using a normative juridical method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. Defendant Muklis Pranoto was proven to have embezzled the victim's motorcycle by pawning it for Rp. 500,000 from a value of Rp. 7,000,000 for online gambling, and was sentenced to 2 years in prison under Article 372 of the old Criminal Code (Article 486 of the National Criminal Code). The judge's selection of Article 372 was dogmatically correct, as criminal intent arose only after legal possession of the vehicle, rendering Article 378 inapplicable. However, serious gaps in victim protection were identified: the prosecutor did not seek restitution, the seeking mechanism (Articles 98–101 of the Criminal Procedure Code) was not pursued, and the judge did not order residual restitution of Rp. 6,500,000. Restorative justice evaluation reveals the verdict only partially fulfills restorative elements, lacking formal dialogue, full restitution, and LPSK involvement. Systemic reform in the implementation of Law No. 31 of 2014 and Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2022 is urgently needed.]]>
<![CDATA[REGULATORY AUTONOMY OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LEGAL SYSTEM: NORMATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdul Razak Nasution]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Juang Rambe]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahul Ardian Fikri]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): January (January-March) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study examines the legal relationship between trade liberalization commitments within the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the right of developing countries to regulate. The expansion of the WTO’s scope into domestic jurisdictions has legal implications for the policy space of developing countries in the process of formulating national legislation, particularly in the sectors of public health and environmental protection. Using a doctrinal legal research methodology, this study examines general exceptions, Special and Differential Treatment (S&DT), and the jurisprudence of the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). The research findings outline three key points. First, legal recognition of regulatory autonomy is subject to certain normative limitations. The necessity test and empirical standard of proof under the SPS and TBT Agreements create an imbalance in the burden of proof for developing countries, which has the potential to affect the sustainability of the national legislative process (regulatory chill). Second, the S&DT principle, formulated to accommodate differences in economic capacity, tends to be declaratory in its application. This results in limitations on the binding force of the instrument as a legal basis for defense in dispute resolution. Third, legal interpretations by dispute settlement bodies have direct legal consequences for domestic autonomy. Furthermore, administrative constraints at the Appellate Body level and the implementation of the Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement (MPIA) also affect the fulfillment of the principle of legal certainty at the appellate stage. This study concludes that the formulation of national legislation requires the fulfillment of a pre-formulation feasibility review (ex-ante assessment). Additionally, multilateral harmonization efforts are needed to fundamental legal justification.]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF DISCOUNTS, BRAND IMAGE, AND BRAND TRUST ON CONSUMER SATISFACTION AT MATAHARI DEPARTMENT STORE IN PALU CITY ]]>
<![CDATA[Moh. Rio Ferdinand]]>;
<![CDATA[Syamsul Bachri]]>;
<![CDATA[Zakiyah Zahara]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammad Zeylo Auriza]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the influence of discounts, brand image , and brand trust on consumer satisfaction at Matahari Department Store in Palu City. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 96 respondents who are consumers of Matahari Department Store in Palu City. The results of the study indicate that Discounts, Brand Image , and Brand Trust partially have a positive and significant influence on consumer satisfaction. In addition, the three variables simultaneously also have a positive and significant influence on consumer satisfaction. This finding emphasizes the importance of an integrated marketing strategy that combines attractive price promotions (discounts), the formation of a strong and positive brand image, and high brand trust to increase overall consumer satisfaction and support business sustainability in the retail industry, especially Matahari Department Store.]]>
<![CDATA[THE ROLE OF GREEN HOTEL POLICY IN IMPROVING EMPLOYEE GREEN BEHAVIOR: STUDY AT HOTEL ARUSS SEMARANG ]]>
<![CDATA[Arinda Thira Novia Setiawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati]]>;
<![CDATA[Yanuar Luqman]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[The hospitality industry is recognized as one of the sectors that contributes significantly to environmental pressure due to instensive energy consumption, water use, and waste generation. In response to these challanges, many hotels have begun implementing environmental managemen policies known as Green Hotel Policies. These policies aim to support sustainable operational practices while encouraging environmentally responsible behavior among employees. This study aims toanalyze the implementation of Green Hotel Policy and examine Employee Green Behavior at Hotel Aruss Semarang, Indonesia. A mixed-methods approach combining descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis was applied. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 58 hotel employees, while qualitative data were obtained through in depth interviews with hotel management, engineering staff, hotel guests, and community representatives. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to examine respondents’ perceptions regarding environmental policy implementation and employee green behavior. The results show that the implementation of Green Hotel Policy at Hotel Aruss Semarang is categorized as good across environmental, social, economic, and technological aspects. Employees demonstrate posistive green behavior particularly in energy conservation, waste management, and participation in environmental initiatives. Qualitative findings indicate that managerial commitment, environmental communication, and employee participation play important roles in strengthening environmentally responsible practices in hotel operations. Government regulations promoting sustainable tourism also reinforce the importance of environmental policy implementation within the hospitality sector. The study highlights that environmental policy integration within hotel managemen is essential for supporting sustainable tourism development and improving environmental responsibility in the hospitality industry. Keywords: Green Hotel Policy, Employee Green Behavior, Sustainable Tourism, Environmental Management, Hospitality Industry]]>
<![CDATA[HIGH EXPERIENCE, LIMITED INFRASTRUCTURE: TOURIST EXPERIENCE IN A SMALL-ISLAND RELIGIOUS HERITAGE DESTINATION (MANSINAM ISLAND, INDONESIA) ]]>
<![CDATA[Yansen M.I. Saragih]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study examines how tourist experiences reflect the heritage value of Mansinam Island, a small-island religious heritage destination in Papua Barat, Indonesia. Despite the growing literature on heritage tourism and tourist experience, limited attention has been given to small-island contexts characterized by strong symbolic value but constrained infrastructure. Addressing this gap, this research adopts a qualitative-dominant mixed-methods approach to explore how experiential value is constructed in such settings. Data were collected from 40 international cruise tourists through structured questionnaires and short semi-structured interviews. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha (α > 0.70), while content validity was ensured through expert review. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to capture both measurable patterns and deeper experiential meanings. The findings reveal that tourist experience in Mansinam Island is shaped by a dual structure consisting of nature-based experience (45%) and socio-cultural dimensions (40%), including cultural interaction, emotional responses, and engagement with local communities. The results also show consistently high levels of satisfaction, indicating the presence of memorable tourism experiences. However, a significant gap exists between experiential quality and infrastructural readiness, particularly in basic facilities and interpretive services. This study proposes the concept of a “high-experience, limited-infrastructure destination” to explain how destinations with limited physical development can still generate strong experiential value through social interaction and cultural meaning-making. The findings contribute to the advancement of religious heritage tourism literature and highlight the importance of community-based experiential development in small-island tourism contexts.]]>
<![CDATA[THE POLITICIZATION OF ENTERTAINMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION: EVIDENCE FROM PILKADA JAWA BARAT ]]>
<![CDATA[Azarine Charissa Rahma]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitriyah]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study examines the politicization of entertainment and its implications for democratic participation in Indonesia, with a particular focus on the 2024 West Java Local Election (Pilkada Jawa Barat). In the digital era, political communication is no longer confined to traditional media; instead, candidates increasingly rely on entertainment-driven platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, as well as campaign concerts and celebrity endorsements, to engage voters. Drawing on qualitative data from campaign content, media reports, and voter interviews, the findings reveal that entertainment media have become central to political public relations, enabling candidates to build personal brands, cultivate emotional connections, and mobilize younger voters, particularly millennials and Gen Z. The study shows that entertainment media lower barriers to political participation by presenting politics in accessible, culturally familiar, and entertaining formats. However, this trend also carries significant risks, as voter impressions are often shaped more by personality, humor, and popularity than by substantive policy debates. The West Java Pilkada illustrates the hybrid nature of Indonesian democracy, where digital spectacle is combined with traditional cultural and religious campaigning, reflecting both innovation and fragility in political communication. Overall, the research concludes that entertainment media function as a double-edged sword in Indonesian politics: while they democratize access and expand participation, they also risk reinforcing shallow, personality-centered politics that undermine accountability and deliberation. The findings contribute to broader debates on public relations politics, mediatization, and democratic consolidation in the digital era, offering insights for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers concerned with the evolving relationship between media, politics, and democracy.]]>
<![CDATA[LEGAL ISSUES OF TRANSFER OF LAND RIGHTS THROUGH SALE AND PURCHASE THAT DOES NOT ACCORD TO THE PROCEDURE FOR MAKING A DEED OF SALE AND PURCHASE (Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 1196 K/Pdt/2020) ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Arfananda Ghifari]]>;
<![CDATA[Solikhah]]>;
<![CDATA[Burhanudin Harahap]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study discusses the legal issues of land transfer rights through sale and purchase that do not comply with the procedures for making a Deed of Sale and Purchase (AJB) as reflected in Supreme Court Decision Number 1196 K/Pdt/2020. This problem arises because the making of the AJB is not based on the actual wishes of the parties. This study aims to analyze the procedures for making AJB in the decision and the legal consequences that arise for deeds and transfers of land rights based on AJBs that are made not in accordance with procedures. The research method used is normative legal research with a statute approach and a case approach , through an analysis of Supreme Court Decision Number 1196 K/Pdt/2020 which has permanent legal force. The results of the study indicate that the making of AJBs that do not comply with procedures causes the AJB and other related deeds to be declared invalid and have no legal force, so they cannot be used as a basis for transferring land rights. As a result, the Certificate of Ownership issued based on the deed is declared legally flawed and null and void, and creates an administrative obligation for the PPAT holding the protocol to make adjustments and complete the protocol administration in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations.]]>
<![CDATA[ENFORCEMENT AGAINST MISUSE OF DEEPFAKE TECHNOLOGY FOR PORNOGRAPHY ON SOCIAL MEDIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Ery Susanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Tahasak Sahay]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizki Setyobowo Sangalang]]>;
<![CDATA[Indang Sulastri]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19477109
<![CDATA[deepfake technology , which is being misused for pornographic content on social media. This study aims to analyze law enforcement and its obstacles in the Cyber Crimes Directorate of the Central Kalimantan Regional Police. The method used is empirical legal research with a qualitative descriptive approach through interviews and literature review. The results show that law enforcement is carried out through stages of inquiry, investigation, and prosecution, referring to the ITE Law, the Pornography Law, and the Criminal Code, and supported by preventive efforts such as digital literacy and cyber patrols. However, its implementation has not been effective due to obstacles in digital evidence, limited forensic facilities, and difficulties in identifying anonymous perpetrators across regions. Therefore, strengthening specific regulations, improving digital forensic facilities, and increasing the capacity of law enforcement officers is necessary.]]>
