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INDONESIA
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 16935853     EISSN : 24072524     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis memuat informasi hasil kegiatan penelitian, pemikiran konseptual dan review bidang ilmu manajemen agribisnis. Jurnal ilmiah ini diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Manajemen dan Bisnis, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor bekerjasama Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia (PERHEPI).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 498 Documents
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The Influence of Product Innovation, HR Competence, and Marketing Performance on The Financial Performance of MSMEs in The Agricultural Kuswardani, DC.; Santoso, Aprih; Maulana, Dede Yusuf; Alfiana; Gusmao, Cristino
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 3, November 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.3.307

Abstract

Background: Many MSMEs are switching to online businesses and utilizing digital technology to maintain their businesses.Purpose: This study aims to determine and examine the effect of product innovation, HR competency, and marketing performance on the financial performance of MSMEs in the Agricultural Sector in Semarang City after the Covid-19 pandemic with digitalization as a mediating variable.Design/methodology/approach: This study uses quantitative methodology and a causal associative approach. Data was collected through an online questionnaire distributed to MSME owners in the Agricultural Sector via WhatsApp, with questions filtered based on respondent characteristics. The sampling technique used was random sampling. The number of samples in this study was 150 business owners. Data analysis used partial least squares-structural equality modeling (PLS-SEM).Findings/Results: The results of this study indicate that product innovation, marketing performance, and digitalization have a significant effect on financial performance. Meanwhile, HR competency has had no significant effect on the financial performance of MSMEs in the Agricultural Sector in Semarang City after the COVID-19 pandemic. Digitalization has been proven to mediate the influence of product innovation, HR competency, and marketing performance on the financial performance of MSMEs in the Agricultural Sector in Semarang City.Conclusion: Product innovation, marketing performance, and digitalization have a significant effect on financial performance. Meanwhile, HR competency has not had a significant effect on the financial performance of MSMEs in the agricultural sector in Semarang City since the COVID-19 pandemic. Digitalization is proven to mediate the influence of product innovation, HR competency, and marketing performance on the financial performance of MSMEs in the Agricultural Sector in Semarang City.Originality/value (State of the art): State of the art in the era of digital transformation. Given that digitalization is increasingly becoming an important part of the global economy, this study is relevant to the current trend of digital technology adoption by MSMEs. This study can broaden the understanding of how small and medium-scale MSMEs can utilize digitalization to improve their competitiveness and financial performance, which is a growing research area globally. Keywords: digital transformation, HR competency, marketing performance, MSME finance, product innovation
Effect of Knowledge and Awareness on Cooperative Membership: Role of Socio-Demographic Profile in Cavite, Philippines Manansala, Leo; Mendiola, Epitacio B.
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 3, November 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.3.360

Abstract

Background: Membership in cooperatives is crucial for fostering collective strength and sustaining the organization, enhancing its ability to serve members effectively. By comprehending the factors influencing membership, cooperatives can develop targeted recruitment strategies, bridging gaps in effective recruitment and involvement in Philippine cooperatives. Purpose: This study delves into how knowledge and awareness levels impact cooperative membership while examining how socio-demographic factors like age, gender, education, and income moderate these relationships among members and non-members. Design/methodology/approach: Data from 764 respondents, including cooperative members and non-members from the top 30 cooperatives in Cavite, Philippines, binary logistic regression and diagnostic tests were utilized. Findings/ Results: The study reveals that educational initiatives are vital for promoting cooperative engagement, with higher knowledge levels significantly increasing the likelihood of membership. Demographic factors such as age and gender were found to moderate the influence of education and income on cooperative membership, indicating the need for more tailored and inclusive policies. The research shows that older individuals were less influenced by awareness efforts, while those with higher education were more likely to join cooperatives when well-informed. Although there were mixed effects of demographic factors on the relationship between awareness and membership, these effects were not statistically significant, suggesting that more detailed examination is needed.Conclusions: The study concludes that educational initiatives significantly enhance cooperative membership, particularly when tailored to specific demographic groups. Age and gender moderate the effect of knowledge and education, emphasizing the need for customized policies. However, further research is needed as demographic effects on awareness and membership were not statistically significant.Originality/ value (State of the art): The study stems from its novel examination of the interplay between knowledge, awareness, and socio-demographic factors in influencing cooperative membership, particularly in Philippine cooperatives. It adds value in providing actionable insights for cooperative policymakers, enabling the design of more targeted, inclusive recruitment strategies that address demographic diversity and promote sustainable cooperative growth. Keywords: customized policies, demographic factors, cooperative engagement, cooperative membership, Philippines
Credit Access as a Nexus of Profitability: The Resilience of Smallholder Broiler Contract Farming Lisa Dwi Lestari; Widyastutik; Muladno
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 3, November 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.3.335

Abstract

Background: The unequal access to resources in the broiler industry hinders smallholders from competing effectively. To address this issue, farmers are being urged to engage in contract farming as a means to boost profits and improve access to credit. However, despite efforts to facilitate credit disbursement, empirical studies indicate that poultry farm loans are underutilized. These studies also demonstrate that not all farmers consistently benefit from increased profits and improved credit access.Purpose: This research was conducted to answer the nexus between credit access and profitability. Furthermore, this study reviews the problems and the role of contract farming on farmers' credit access. Design/methodology/approach: The investigation encompassed an analysis of 51 broiler plasma farmers affiliated with an integrator company in West Java. To elucidate the research objectives, a profitability analysis was conducted, employing both gross margin assessment and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method within a multiple regression framework. Findings/Result: The research findings elucidate that profitability among farmers is not guaranteed, with operational losses frequently attributed to negligence, adverse climatic conditions, and disease outbreaks. Consequently, some farmers must seek financial credit to sustain working capital and facilitate business expansion. Specifically, investment credit is allocated for the enhancement or construction of cages and equipment, whereas working capital credit aims to expedite the turnover of operational expenses. An Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis revealed significant determinants of profit, including access to credit, flock size, ownership of cages and land, employment of hired labor, and the farmer's age. Parameter estimation further delineated that, ceteris paribus, farmers who engaged in credit utilization reported substantially higher profits, amounting to IDR11,949 million more than their counterparts who did not access credit. It is noteworthy that credit application processes that bypass integrator companies necessitate sufficient collateral to secure the loans, limiting access to bank credit strictly to farmers who possess adequate collateral. According to the survey data, a mere 13,7%. The role of contract farming in mitigating the asymmetry of information regarding credit access remains suboptimal.Conclusion: The results rejected the hypothesis that credit access does not affect profit. However, farmers' utilization of credit access is relatively small and the distribution of credit access among plasma farmers engaged in contract farming is characterized by inequity.Originality/value (State of the art): This study addressed the vital role of credit access toward farmers’ profitability. This study combined Ricardo's theory and principal agency theory, applied to contract farming in the broiler industry. This sharpened the importance of the integrator company's role in providing capital and financing facilities to farmers based on the principle of risk sharing, thereby reducing the company’s risk. Keywords: contract farming, gross margin, credit access, broiler, smallholder
Food Security On Dryland Farm Households in Selo Sub-District, Boyolali District Hasanah, Novri Eka Nur; Harianto; Suryana, Achmad
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 3, November 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.3.387

Abstract

Background: Population growth has led to an increase in the participation rate of rice consumption. This has led to constant pressure on the limits of food supply. Meanwhile, the uneven distribution of food causes food inequality in local areas. These conditions will cause some regions in Indonesia not to achieve food security, even though food availability is sufficient, if people's food access is not good and food utilization is not in accordance with the rules of balanced and safe nutritious food consumption, then the area cannot be categorized as achieving food security. Drylands have great potential and role in supporting national food availability. Food security at the national or regional level does not automatically guarantee the achievement of food security at the household level.Purpose: This study aims to 1) assess the level of food security of dryland farmer households and 2) analyze the factors affecting the food security of dryland farmer households in the Selo Subdistrict. Design/methodology/approach: Sampling was done by simple random sampling from a sample frame of dryland farmer groups totaling 100 respondents. Household food security was analyzed using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) indicator. The factors influencing household food security were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Findings/Result: The prevalence rate of moderate food insecurity is 10.74% of total households in the Selo Subdistrict. Farmer households in the Selo Subdistrict experiencing moderate food insecurity is a serious problem that must be addressed immediately. Although the prevalence rate is relatively small, the actual number is relatively large. The prevalence rate of severe food insecurity in the Selo Subdistrict is 0.00% of total households. The food security status shows that most households in Selo Sub-district fall into the food security category with the majority of households being food producers. Factors that significantly influence the food security status of dryland farming households in the Selo Subdistrict are the length of education of the household head, the number of household members, the ratio of expenditure on rice, and the total household income.Conclusion: The prevalence value of the moderate food insecurity category amounted to 10,74%. The most significant factor is the ratio of household expenditure on rice with an Exp (B) value or odds ratio of 401,150.611. The unstable price of rice has led most households to reduce the amount of rice purchased.Originality/value (State of the art): This study explains that dryland farmer households still have a moderate food insecurity category, although the number is small but must be considered. The rice expenditure ratio is an important factor in influencing food security status which has implications for more optimized government policies. Keywords: binary logistic regression, food security, food insecurity experience scale (fies), household
Factors Influencing Labor Allocation in Rubber Plantations in Muaro Jambi Regency Nasution, Siti Sarah Almuizzah; Tinaprilla, Netti; Kusnadi, Nunung
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 3, November 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.3.397

Abstract

Background: Production and the number of smallholder rubber farmers in Muaro Jambi Regency have decreased over the past ten years. The decrease in production and the number of rubber farmers are believed to be caused by a decrease in the labor allocation in rubber plantations. Rubber farmers now focus on more than just one commodity, and farmers have diversified their income resources, such as oil palm plantations and off-farm work. As a result, household economic decisions will be related to labor allocation. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the labor allocation in rubber farmer households and identify the factors influencing labor allocation in rubber plantations in the Muaro Jambi Regency.Design/methodology/approach: This research used primary data from one hundred rubber households using a multistage random sampling method. The estimation was done in two steps: in the first step, shadow wages were estimated using the production function to get the value marginal product of labor, and in the second step, the instrumental variable method was used to determine the factors influencing labor allocation in rubber plantations. Findings/Results: The estimation shows that shadow wages, oil palm labor allocation, and non-rubber income significantly influence rubber labor allocation. This result indicates that the existence of oil palm plantations does not cause a decrease in rubber labor allocation, and shadow wages can be a determining factor in labor allocation. Originality/value (State of the art): This study focuses on how rubber farmer households allocate their labor across rubber plantations, other farms, and off-farm work in the context of the presence of other commodities, particularly oil palm, which is developing alongside rubber in the research area. The results show how farmers make decisions regarding their rubber plantations, switch to oil palm, or do off-farm work, which is the reason why they began reducing labor allocation to their rubber farms. Keywords: labor allocation, household economics, shadow wages, instrumental variable, rubber plantations
Food Supply Chain Network and Market Analysis of Shallot in Indonesia (Case Study: Brebes District) Nurunisa, Venty Fitriany; Hotman, Jan; Rifin, Amzul; Wicaksana, Bayu Eka; Sigit, Argadatta
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 3, November 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.3.408

Abstract

Background: Brebes District, recognized as the largest shallot producer in Indonesia, continues to face challenges in ensuring the welfare of its shallot farmers. This situation emerged from a complex network of stakeholders involved in shallot agribusiness in the Brebes District, characterized by a significant presence of intermediaries. Purpose: This research aims to i) analyze the shallot supply chain in the Brebes District by applying the Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN) approach and ii) examine its performance through marketing margin and farmer share. Design/methodology/approach: Data was gathered through interviews with 83 shallot farmers and 12 marketing actors in the Brebes District. Additionally, a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted to gather strategic insights from all stakeholders involved in the shallot agribusiness in the Brebes District. The research used a qualitative approach to answer the FSCN analysis and a quantitative approach to measure the supply chain performance.Findings/Result: This study identified that the supply chain had clear objectives and structured relationships between actors. However, it was not optimized because the business process was not integrated into the long term. The supply chain involved multiple marketing channels, where each level of intermediary had involvement and impact on farmer share and margins. More direct marketing channels, such as Marketing Channel I, where farmers sell directly to village traders, offer the highest farmer share (89%) due to the absence of intermediaries like wholesalers. In contrast, channels involving more intermediaries, such as wholesalers in Channels III and V, result in higher total margins but a lower farmer share (81%). Conclusion: The FSCN analysis of shallots in the Brebes District reveals a complex marketing system with various channels. Direct marketing channels give farmers the highest share by removing intermediaries, while those with more intermediaries offer higher total margins but lower farmer shares. Reducing intermediaries is recommended to boost farmer incomes. Additionally, inefficiencies like poor coordination and limited access to market information hinder overall performance.Originality/value (State of the art): This study introduces a novel application of the FSCN approach to comprehensively analyze the shallot supply chain in Brebes District, Indonesia. The FSCN offers insights into the complex relationships between farmers, traders, and other actors, their challenges, and the potential for improving the system's efficiency. Keywords: shallot, information sharing, marketing actors, marketing channels, supply chain efficiency
Leading Inclusive Growth: Comparing Business Models in The Coffee Value Chain, West Java Province Mulyati, Heti; Indrawan, Dikky; Abdullah, Asaduddin; Yusri, Doni
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 3, November 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.3.420

Abstract

Background: Smallholders play a critical role in the coffee value chain within West Java Province, with the majority of coffee production originating from their plantations. However, the initiative and involvement of coffee farmers in the value chain remain limited. Consequently, it is imperative to implement an inclusive business model that ensures the participation of all stakeholders.Purposes: This study examines the diversity of inclusive business models in West Java‘s coffee value chains, focusing on collectors in Pangalengan and Lembang, coffee shops with roasteries in Bogor, and farmers’ cooperatives in Garut.Design/Methodology/Approach: Using value chain mapping, business model canvas analysis, and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, it explores how these lead firms integrate smallholder farmers into their business models while balancing profit and social impact. The analysis revealed distinct inclusivity approaches across the models, underscoring the significance of adapting strategies to specific regional contexts.Findings/Result: The collector model in Pangalengan and Lembang prioritizes efficiency and market access but may overlook the nuanced needs of farmers. Conversely, the Bogor coffee shop and roastery model fosters direct farmer relationships, promoting quality and shared decision-making. The cooperative in Garut emphasizes collective action and farmer empowerment, although it faces challenges related to governance and market access.Conclusion: This study identifies the key factors for successful inclusive business practices in coffee value chains. Enhancing coffee value chain inclusivity requires robust stakeholder engagement, particularly with smallholders, empowering training, knowledge sharing, and rigorous monitoring and evaluation.Originality/Value/state of the art: These insights include the need for context-specific business models, external actor collaboration, a holistic value-creation perspective, and continuous learning and adaptation. Keywords: business models canvas, coffee value chain, inclusive business, West Java Province, value chain mapping
Competitiveness of Indonesia's Agricultural Exports To China: Trends and Strategic Insights Novianti, Tanti; Sari, Anggi Mayang; Sari, Linda Karlina; Asikin, Zenal
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2024): JMA Vol. 21 No. 3, November 2024
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.21.3.374

Abstract

Background: Economic development in open economies like Indonesia was marked by international trade. Starting with the restoration of diplomatic relations in 1990, China emerged as one of the biggest trading partners for Indonesia. However, Indonesia's competitiveness in the international market remained at a concerning level compared to other major exporters.Purpose: The research was conducted on the competitiveness of Indonesia's agriculture exports to China during 2019-2023, for certain commodities, and described Indonesia's current market position and growth prospects.Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper applied the Revealed Comparative Advantage and the methodologies of Export Product Dynamics in order to judge Indonesia's competitive position in major agricultural products, such as coconut, cashew nut, Brazil nut, coffee, nutmeg, cardamom, palm oil, copra, and natural rubber.Findings/Result: The analysis showed that nutmeg and cardamom showed outstanding growth, placing them in the "Rising Stars" status in the Chinese market, as evidenced by their high export share growth coupled with a high increase in global market share. On the other hand, palm oil and copra recorded negative competitiveness, leading into the "Retreat" quadrant.Conclusion: The study suggested that to build Indonesia's competitiveness in agricultural exports, it was important to improve quality and value addition through processing, besides non-tariff barrier understanding. These strategies would further fortify Indonesia's market position and trade performance at large with China and globally.Originality/value (State of the art): For the first time, this research performed updated research on agri-food products export competitiveness of Indonesia to the Chinese market, by using updated data availability (2019-2023) and combined methodology approach between RCA and EPD. The obtained insights would be very important guidance for policymakers in the formulation of endorsing better trade policies in agricultural commodities within Indonesia to increase its presence in world markets. Keywords: agricultural commodities, business analytics, business policy, market position, international trade
Spatial Analysis of Inclusive Growth in Central Java Province Rahmadi, Farid Adam; Rustiadi, Ernan; Hakim, Dedi Budiman
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025): JMA, Vol. 22 No. 1, March 2025
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.22.1.1

Abstract

Background: Economic growth, while often viewed as a sign of development success, may not guarantee equitable income distribution, particularly in developing nations. The Inclusive Economic Development Index (IPEI) by the National Development Agency (Bappenas) gauges inclusivity in Indonesian development. In Central Java Province, regency/city-level IPEI varies, indicating uneven growth. Purpose: This study has two objectives: (1) to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of inclusive growth in regencies/cities within Central Java Province; and (2) to assess the relevance of the regional development system by considering the spatial interrelations of inclusive growth. Design/methodology/approach: The research utilizes secondary data. The same analytical methods are applied for both objectives with different data points Moran's Index Analysis, Moran’s Scatterplot, and Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA). Findings/Results: The research findings indicate that (1) the spatial distribution pattern of the IPEI in the regencies/cities of Central Java Province from 2012 to 2021 tends to form spatial clusters, with three regencies/cities showing significant and consistent local IPEI spatial influence namely Surakarta City (High-High quadrant) and Banjarnegara and Wonosobo (Low-Low quadrant), and (2) alternative Regional Development (WP) spatial analysis reveals a high IPEI spatial correlation within each WP, with Surakarta City and Salatiga City consistently appearing in the High-High quadrant, while Pekalongan City is significantly positioned in the Low-Low quadrant. Conclusion: The spatial distribution pattern of the IPEI in Central Java Province tends to form spatial clusters with three regencies/cities showing significant and consistent local IPEI spatial influence namely Surakarta City, Banjarnegara, and Wonosobo. The spatial analysis of alternative WPs reveals a strong spatial correlation of IPEI values with Surakarta City and Salatiga City identified as significant local spatial influencers.Originality/value (State of the art): This study enables the identification of regencies, cities, and/or WP with lagging IPEI values, thereby allowing policymakers to design targeted interventions. Based on the findings, Banjarnegara and Wonosobo are identified as such areas. The alternative WPs proposed in this study can serve as important considerations for regional development planning in Central Java Province. Keywords: IPEI, inclusive growth, spatial analysis, Moran’s Analysis, Central Java Province
The Effect of Production Inputs on Productivity and Production Risk of Cloves in East Java Province Ayuka, Izumi Risma; Fariyanti, Anna; Etriya, Etriya
Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025): JMA, Vol. 22 No. 1, March 2025
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.22.1.39

Abstract

Background: The demand for cloves, both domestically and internationally, continues to rise. However, clove productivity in East Java Province has shown fluctuations and a declining trend during the 2015 - 2022 period. This decline is influenced by various factors, including suboptimal farming input allocation, pest attacks, unpredictable weather conditions, and the cyclical nature of clove production.Purpose: This paper examines the influence of production inputs on clove productivity and production risks in East Java Province. Design/methodology/approach: This paper utilized secondary data from the 2014 Household Agricultural Survey, incorporating a sample of 937 clove farming households in East Java Province. The Just and Pope Model was utilized to evaluate the influence of production inputs on clove productivity and production risks.Findings/Results: The analysis demonstrates that clove production risks in East Java are high, as indicated by a coefficient of variation (CV) greater than 0.5. Production inputs that increase clove productivity include family labor, external labor, organic fertilizers, pesticides, and plant population. However, the application of TSP fertilizers decreases clove productivity. Furthermore, the application of ZA fertilizers increases production risks, while family labor decreases production risks.Conclusion: The findings emphasize the critical importance of managing production inputs to improve clove productivity and reduce associated risks. Key recommendations include implementing training programs to enhance farmers’ knowledge, providing subsidies to encourage efficient input use, and adopting effective pest control strategies. These interventions are essential for promoting the sustainability and resilience of clove farming in East Java. This study offers actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, supporting efforts to stabilize productivity and mitigate production risks.Originality/value: This paper adds to the understanding of production inputs influencing clove farming, particularly the input-related risks and productivity in East Java Province, providing insights for better farm management practices. Keywords: cloves, productivity, production risk, production input, East Java

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