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Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 19077505     EISSN : 24600601     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/kesmas
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
The focus of Kesmas is on public health as discipline and practices related to preventive and promotive measures to enhance the public health through a scientific approach applying a variety of technique. This focus includes areas and scopes such as Biostatistics, Environmental Public Health, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Health Services Research, Nutrition, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Public Health, Public Health Education and Promotion, Women Health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 17, No. 1" : 11 Documents clear
Factors Related to Cafe Worker’s Lung Capacity in Pontianak, Indonesia Sunarsieh, Sunarsieh; Repelita, Felina; Akhmadi, Zainal
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Exposure to cigarette smoke in public places affects the human population lung capacity. Cafe workers are a population susceptible to cigarette smoke exposure. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with the lung capacity of cafe workers. This study used an observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was composed of 74 participants. Data collection was carried out by interviewing and observing respondents. Exposure to inhaled smoke was measured using interviews and a spirometer checking lung capacity. The Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between risk factors and lung capacity. The results showed a significant relationship between age (p-value = 0.006) and the lung capacity of cafe workers. The older person had, the greater the risk of decreased lung function. There was a significant relationship between cigarette smoke exposure, age, and the lung capacity of cafe workers. The intervention needs to be done to make a preventive measure by establishing non-smoking area regulations in public spaces and monitoring the workplace environment.
Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Its Potential Health Implications in Indonesia Sartika, Ratu Ayu D; Atmarita, Atmarita; Duki, M. I Zulkarnain; Bardosono, Saptawati; Wibowo, Lindawati; Lukito, Widjaja
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The broad availability of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the Indonesian market is increasing consumption. It, combined with escalating incidence and prevalence of diabetes and related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and the ongoing debate on policies, has called for a comprehensive review as described in this study. Data was compiled from various sources but mainly gathered from the reported or published documents because of no direct access to the necessary data set. The lack of studies that assessed the direct relationship between SSB consumption and health outcomes in the Indonesian context also became a strong reason for the preparation of this review to highlight important points for further research, academic reviews, and debates on empiric policies to control sugar consumption at the population level. Sociocultural factors were an apparent and crucial determinant of the sweetness preferences of mainstream Indonesians. They were not capitalized in the available documents and should be embraced in future health promotional measures. Given the high contribution of carbohydrates and sugar to total energy intake in the Indonesian diet, it is pertinent to control the increasing trend of SSBs consumption through interventions on both the supply and demand sides.
Body Image, Quality of Life, and Their Predicting Factors in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study Rezaei Fard, Zeynab; Azadi, Arman; Veisani, Yousef
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Abstract

Pregnancy can influence women’s psychological health, including body image and quality of life. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body image and quality of life and their predicting factors in pregnant women. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 pregnant women referred to health centers in Ilam City, Iran. Participants were selected using a random sampling method. Data collection tools comprised a sociodemographic questionnaire, Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), and quality of life questionnaire (Short Form-12). Data were analyzed using statistical software. The mean ± SD of body image concern and quality of life was estimated at 31.77 ± 9.86 and 54.62 ± 15.71, respectively. There was a significant and negative correlation between body image and quality of life (p-value = 0.001, r = -0.313). Also, the most important predictors of body image were vitality, body mass index (BMI), general health, and unintended pregnancy, respectively, and body dissatisfaction was the most significant predictor of quality of life. This study revealed some variables affecting pregnant women’s body image and quality of life. Further studies are required to consider other factors influencing body image and quality of life among pregnant women.
The Estimation of Excess Mortality during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia Wijaya, Madona Yunita
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Abstract

Indonesia is among the countries affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and DKI Jakarta Province recorded the highest number of deaths. This study aimed to analyze the excess mortality across five administrative cities in Jakarta stratified by gender to assess the pandemic impact on mortality. The monthly mortality data from January 2018 to December 2020 was obtained through government sources. This data helped to measure excess mortality by estimating the baseline mortality had the COVID-19 pandemic not occurred. The analysis used a linear mixed model because of its ease and flexibility in forecasting subject-specific mortality. The results showed 13,507 or 35% excess deaths in Jakarta [95% CI: 11,636 to 15,236] between June and December 2020. The excess numbers were found relatively higher among men than women. Furthermore, Jakarta has underreported the COVID-19 deaths at least seven times higher than the reported number of confirmed deaths.
The Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Sumatra Sidarta, Cindy; Kurniawan, Andree; Lugito, Nata P H; Siregar, Jeremia Imanuel; Sungono, Veli; Heriyanto, Rivaldo Steven; Sieto, Novia Lauren; Halim, Devina Adella; Jodhinata, Claudia; Rizki, Saraswati Anindita; Sinaga, Terry Devita; Marcella, Chintya; Wijovi, Felix; Susanto, Billy; Marcella, Elizabeth; Wibowo, Johan; Anurantha, Jonathan Juniard; Imanuelly, Michelle; Indrawan, Michele; Heryadi, Nadia Khoirunnisa
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Abstract

In light of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programs being implemented worldwide, this study aimed to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance survey in Indonesia conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, the National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG), and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), published in November 2020. It was found that Sumatra Island having lower COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates, with Aceh Province displaying the lowest level of vaccine acceptance. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted, and a logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Out of 368 respondents who participated in the survey, 143 (38.9%) accepted the vaccine, and 225 (61.1%) refused it. Vaccine safety concerns constituted the most reported reason for refusal (43.6%). This study also found that province of residence and basic immunization status were determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Sumatra. Concerns regarding vaccine safety might be the reason for the low level of vaccination in Sumatra. Increased education and encouragement from healthcare professionals and regional authority figures can alleviate public concerns and improve vaccine acceptance.
Increased Thyroid Hormone Levels in Pesticide Sprayer at Agricultural Area Pawitra, Aditya; Diyanah, Khuliyah Candraning; Latif, Mohd Talib; Susanto, Beni Hari; Lusno, Muhammad F D
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Abstract

Pesticides used massively in the agricultural sector would cause many poisoning and serious health problems. Organophosphate pesticides have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. This study aimed to compare thyroid hormone levels between the sprayers chronically exposed to pesticides and the control respondents who had never been exposed to pesticides. This study was an analytical observational with a cross-sectional design. The total number of respondents was 150, 50 as sprayers and 100 as control respondents. The venous blood samples were examined using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The findings significantly showed that the sprayer had a higher level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (4.776 ± 1.1166), lower triiodothyronine (T3) (108.822 ± 18.810), and lower thyroxine (T4) (7.808 ± 1.067). Determinant factors among sprayers that significantly correlated to TSH levels was age (p-value = 0.006); work duration (p-value = 0.000); personal protection equipment (PPE) (p-value = 0.045); body position (p-value = 0.014); type of pesticides (p-value = 0.004), correlated with T3 levels was age (p-value = 0.037); body position (p-value = 0.045), correlated with T4 levels was age (p-value = 0.000); PPE (p-value = 0.045). It could be concluded that chronic organophosphate exposure would increase TSH and decrease T3 and T4.
The Development of a Work Stress Model for Air Traffic Controllers in Indonesia Saleh, Lalu Muhammad; Russeng, Syamsiar Siang; Tadjuddin, Istiana; Yanti, Iva Hardi; Syafitri, Nurul Mawaddah; Yusbud, Mahfuddin; Rahmadani, Yulianah
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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The workload complexity experienced by and expected air traffic controllers (ATCs) causes psychological fatigue, engenders stressful conditions, and affects their quality of life. This study investigated the development of a model of psychological fatigue in ATCs in Indonesia, which affected their work stress levels and quality of life. This cross-sectional, three-month study focused on 185 ATCs randomly selected from six AirNavs based on strata. The results indicated a relationship between work duration (p-value = 0.033) and stress on ATCs; additionally, a relationship between work time and the opportunity to meet personal life needs (p-value = 0.007) were found. Feelings of tiredness among ATCs manifested as a ‘thirsty throat’ feeling, and in saturation measurements, no respondents had experienced hypoxia in the two months of observation. Structural equation modeling showed that psychological fatigue had no direct effect on the quality of life; however, it had an indirect and significant effect on work stress (p-value = 0.001). It can be concluded that the stress conditions experienced by the ATCs have a palpable effect on feelings of fatigue and quality of life.
Effectiveness of Using Information, Education, and Communication Flowchart Media in Implementation of Early Breastfeeding Initiation Notarianti, Rizna; Fikawati, Sandra; Faradhila, Alifani Faiz
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) has many benefits for both the baby and the mother. However, in Bogor City, there are still many babies who do not get EIB when they are born (33.6%). The implementation of EIB is not optimal due to the absence of standard procedures to equalize its theory and perception. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) flowchart media concerning the standard procedure for EIB implementation in the Primary Health Care (PHC) in Bogor City. A quasi-experimental research was conducted on 58 midwives divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group was given IEC flowchart media, the EIB standard procedure, whereas the control group was given a brief explanation about EIB. The results indicated that the intervention group (96.0) had a higher average EIB implementation score than the control group (84.7). Furthermore, the success rate of EIB was higher in the intervention group (93.1%) than in the control group (20.7%). In conclusion, the IEC flowchart media is effectively used to optimize EIB implementation by midwives in the PHC in Bogor City.
A Study on the Impact of Occupational Fatigue on Human Performance among Oil and Gas Workers in Indonesia Dahlan, Achmad; Widanarko, Baiduri
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Abstract

Occupational fatigue is a serious problem since it may cause several issues, including deteriorating human performance. Some major accidents in the oil and gas industries were associated with the lack of human performance due to occupational fatigue. This study aimed to analyze the impact of occupational fatigue on human performance among oil and gas workers in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional design using a self-administered validated questionnaire to gather information on demographic (gender and age), work characteristics (work rotation, work duration, shift work model, day/night shift, job position), sleep debt, sleep quality, occupational (acute and chronic) fatigue, and at-risk behavior as the indicator of human performance. In this study, a total of 1,650 workers from different fields (production, drilling, well service, construction, and administration/office) participated. This study showed that occupational fatigue (both chronic and acute) significantly impacted human performance, and occupational fatigue conditions decreased human performance. This implied that managing occupational fatigue may prevent deteriorating human performance.
Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Allelic Frequency and Lead Toxicity in Children Under-Five in a Former Used Lead-Acid Battery Area Irawati, Yana; Kusnoputranto, Haryoto; Achmadi, Umar Fahmi; Safrudin, Ahmad; Sitorus, Alfred; Risandi, Rifqi; Wangsamuda, Suradi; Permana, Dendi Hadi; Syahrani, Lepa; Dewayanti, Farahana Kresno; Asih, Puji B S; Syafruddin, Din
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Polymorphisms in the Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) gene responsible for the ALAD1 and ALAD2 alleles have been implicated in susceptibility to lead toxicity. This study aimed to determine the allelic frequency of ALAD2 among children living in Bogor District, Indonesia, and its association with blood lead levels (BLLs) and lead toxicity. A cross-sectional study involving 128 children was conducted during September-October 2019 in the former ULAB area in Cinangka Village. The ALAD polymorphism, BLLs, and hematological parameters were evaluated. Blood samples were taken for dried blood spotting on filter paper, blood film, and BLL measurement. The PCR amplification and sequencing of the genomic DNA revealed the presence of two forms of the ALAD2 allele: 177C and 177T with a frequency of 0.05. Analysis of the correlation between the ALAD2 allele, BLLs, and basophilic stippling revealed that ALAD2 carriers had a five times higher risk of high BLLs, (OR = 5.359, p-value = 0.155) and had a slightly higher risk of exhibiting basophilic stippling (OR = 1.09, p-value = 1.000). Although not statistically significant, these findings suggested that the ALAD genotype may modify BLLs and lead to toxicity. The ALAD2 allele(177T) is firstly reported in any population in the world.

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