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Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 19077505     EISSN : 24600601     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/kesmas
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
The focus of Kesmas is on public health as discipline and practices related to preventive and promotive measures to enhance the public health through a scientific approach applying a variety of technique. This focus includes areas and scopes such as Biostatistics, Environmental Public Health, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Health Services Research, Nutrition, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Public Health, Public Health Education and Promotion, Women Health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 928 Documents
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Effectiveness of Using Information, Education, and Communication Flowchart Media in Implementation of Early Breastfeeding Initiation Notarianti, Rizna; Fikawati, Sandra; Faradhila, Alifani Faiz
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) has many benefits for both the baby and the mother. However, in Bogor City, there are still many babies who do not get EIB when they are born (33.6%). The implementation of EIB is not optimal due to the absence of standard procedures to equalize its theory and perception. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) flowchart media concerning the standard procedure for EIB implementation in the Primary Health Care (PHC) in Bogor City. A quasi-experimental research was conducted on 58 midwives divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group was given IEC flowchart media, the EIB standard procedure, whereas the control group was given a brief explanation about EIB. The results indicated that the intervention group (96.0) had a higher average EIB implementation score than the control group (84.7). Furthermore, the success rate of EIB was higher in the intervention group (93.1%) than in the control group (20.7%). In conclusion, the IEC flowchart media is effectively used to optimize EIB implementation by midwives in the PHC in Bogor City.
A Study on the Impact of Occupational Fatigue on Human Performance among Oil and Gas Workers in Indonesia Dahlan, Achmad; Widanarko, Baiduri
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Abstract

Occupational fatigue is a serious problem since it may cause several issues, including deteriorating human performance. Some major accidents in the oil and gas industries were associated with the lack of human performance due to occupational fatigue. This study aimed to analyze the impact of occupational fatigue on human performance among oil and gas workers in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional design using a self-administered validated questionnaire to gather information on demographic (gender and age), work characteristics (work rotation, work duration, shift work model, day/night shift, job position), sleep debt, sleep quality, occupational (acute and chronic) fatigue, and at-risk behavior as the indicator of human performance. In this study, a total of 1,650 workers from different fields (production, drilling, well service, construction, and administration/office) participated. This study showed that occupational fatigue (both chronic and acute) significantly impacted human performance, and occupational fatigue conditions decreased human performance. This implied that managing occupational fatigue may prevent deteriorating human performance.
Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Allelic Frequency and Lead Toxicity in Children Under-Five in a Former Used Lead-Acid Battery Area Irawati, Yana; Kusnoputranto, Haryoto; Achmadi, Umar Fahmi; Safrudin, Ahmad; Sitorus, Alfred; Risandi, Rifqi; Wangsamuda, Suradi; Permana, Dendi Hadi; Syahrani, Lepa; Dewayanti, Farahana Kresno; Asih, Puji B S; Syafruddin, Din
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Abstract

Polymorphisms in the Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) gene responsible for the ALAD1 and ALAD2 alleles have been implicated in susceptibility to lead toxicity. This study aimed to determine the allelic frequency of ALAD2 among children living in Bogor District, Indonesia, and its association with blood lead levels (BLLs) and lead toxicity. A cross-sectional study involving 128 children was conducted during September-October 2019 in the former ULAB area in Cinangka Village. The ALAD polymorphism, BLLs, and hematological parameters were evaluated. Blood samples were taken for dried blood spotting on filter paper, blood film, and BLL measurement. The PCR amplification and sequencing of the genomic DNA revealed the presence of two forms of the ALAD2 allele: 177C and 177T with a frequency of 0.05. Analysis of the correlation between the ALAD2 allele, BLLs, and basophilic stippling revealed that ALAD2 carriers had a five times higher risk of high BLLs, (OR = 5.359, p-value = 0.155) and had a slightly higher risk of exhibiting basophilic stippling (OR = 1.09, p-value = 1.000). Although not statistically significant, these findings suggested that the ALAD genotype may modify BLLs and lead to toxicity. The ALAD2 allele(177T) is firstly reported in any population in the world.
Public Perception and Obedience with Social Distancing Policies during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia Widyamurti, Widyamurti; Sitorus, Edwina Bernita; Susanna, Dewi; Wispriyono, Bambang; Kusuma, Aria; Mahkota, Renti
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 1
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Abstract

The Indonesian Government established a social distancing policy to prevent COVID-19 transmission. However, this implementation will be ineffective without the compliance of the people. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between public perception and obedience with social distancing in terms of the variables based on the Health Belief Model. This study used a cross-sectional design with a population of Daerah Khusus Ibukota (DKI) Jakarta’s indigenes within the productive age of 15-64 years. The sample comprised 408 participants, with the independent variables of sociodemographics (age, gender, occupation, and education) and health beliefs (perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy). Meanwhile, obedience to social distancing was the dependent variable. Data were obtained through an online questionnaire and evaluated with the bivariate and multivariate analysis using Chi-square and logistic regression tests. Gender (OR = 2.327; 95% CI = 1.404-3.857) and perceived self-efficacy (OR = 2.609; 95% CI = 1.726-3.945) were significantly related to social distancing obedience. Meanwhile, no statistical correlation (p-value>0.05) was found with sociodemographics, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers. The males with low self-efficacy were more likely to disobey the social distancing policies. The individual’s self-efficacy perception increased with their level of obedience to social distancing policies.
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice and Health Workers Retention at Remote Primary Health Care: Case Study from Nusantara Sehat Team-based Program Soewondo, Prastuti; Pujisubekti, Retno; Prastyani, Ade Widyati; Rahmayanti, Nurul Maretia
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 2
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Abstract

The Nusantara Sehat Team (NST), established in 2015 and consist of multi-professional health workers, implemented to provide comprehensive services at remote primary health cares (PHCs) for two years. This study aimed to explore how the NST leverages the Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) and its impact on the future career prospects of health workers. Using a qualitative approach, the information was gathered from 48 informants drawn from the current 30 NST recruits and 18 alumni through semi-structured interviews. Of these 48, 20 were clinical practitioners, while the rest were non-clinical health workers. The findings revealed several challenges in promoting collaborative practice, including the community's high demand for curative services, the unclear division of tasks among the NST and local PHC staff, and inadequate health facility support. The curriculum of IPC was yet to be included in the pre-service education and in-service training before NST, allowing the staff to enter the workplace and collaborate, especially in the backward areas. The institutional support through macro and meso policies has yet to enable collaborative-practice ready workers adequately. Other factors such as personal values, family expectations, gender roles, and career sustainability also affected the retention of personnel in the NST.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): A Comprehensive Analysis of the Malaise and Summarizing Possible Management Options through Phytotherapeutic Agents Sasidharan, Shan; Srinivasakumar, Kumarapillai Parameswaran; Poddar, Sandeep; Bhaumik, Amiya; Das, Sreemoy Kanti; J, Hareendran Nair
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 2
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Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a severe illness affecting middle-aged and geriatric male patients. This disease normally occurs at the age of 40 or above and is also associated with sexual dysfunction. Alpha-blockers and 5α-reductase inhibitors are the preferred drugs practiced to treat BPH. However, invasive surgical therapy remains the gold standard for managing the condition in the case of refractory and intricate BPH conditions. Due to the fear of sexual dysfunction and the detrimental influence on their quality of life, most patients seek to avoid synthetic drugs and surgery. For this reason, several patients turn to phytotherapy and other alternative therapies. The authors looked at the existing perceptions of epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology associated with BPH in this review article. In addition, this article contained basic information on the pathological roles of inflammation in BPH and various diagnoses and treatment options. It was well reported that the administration of medicinal herbs played a vital role in managing BPH. In recent years, many researchers worldwide have reported the efficiency and safety of phytochemicals in managing numerous pathological disorders in-vivo and in-vitro conditions and the prevention of illness.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and COVID-19 Prevention Practices of Healthcare Workers in Indonesia: A Mobile-based Cross-sectional Survey Besral, Besral; Wiyanti, Zulvi; Nurizin, Dion Zein; Herdayati, Milla; Sutiawan, R; Rahmaniati, Martya; Yuniar, Popy
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 2
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Abstract

Knowledge of disease can affect attitudes and prevention practices, and wrong attitudes and practices can directly increase the risk of disease infection. This study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and COVID-19 prevention practice of healthcare workers in Indonesia and factors associated with prevention practices. A mobile-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2020 with 254 healthcare workers in Indonesia. The self-administered questionnaire consisted of four parts: 1) sociodemographic information, 2) knowledge of COVID-19, 3) attitudes and anxiety toward COVID-19, and 4) COVID-19 prevention practices. The results indicated that healthcare workers in Indonesia had excellent knowledge and positive attitudes about COVID-19, but their preventionpractices were lacking. The multiple logistic regression analysis results revealed that the factors associated with the COVID-19 prevention practices of healthcare workers in Indonesia were knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, domicile island, age, income, and education. Healthcare workers who had excellent knowledge, positive attitudes, and high anxiety exhibited better COVID-19 prevention practices than others. Healthcare workers in Sumatra Island, aged 41–50 years, and an undergraduate education showed better COVID-19 prevention practices than others.
Treatment Adherence and Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Baniu, Ahmad Sahlan; Sauriasari, Rani; Riyadina, Woro; Soewondo, Pradana
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 2
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Abstract

Previous studies showed that uncontrolled blood sugar and long-term use of several types of antidiabetic could increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). This study aimed to compare the incidence of CHD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients showing treatment adherence and non-adherence behavior over four years. This was a retrospective cohort study with data sets obtained from the Bogor Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors. All study subjects were not diagnosed with CHD at the beginning of the study. The sample was divided into two groups; one had adhered to treatment from health centers and followed the treatment instructions (adherent group), while the other had not followed the treatment instructions (non-adherent group). Of 5,690 subjects, 276 were eligible for this study (84 in the adherent and 192 in the non-adherent group). The incidence of CHD in the non-adherent group was 2.3% higher than in the adherent group (p-value = 0.564) and had a 1.7 times greater risk of developing CHD, but not statistically significant (adjusted HR = 1.739; 95% CI = 0.673-4.490). The non-adherent T2DM patients had a greater risk of developing CHD than adherent T2DM patients.
Local Wisdom Enriching Complementary Feeding Practices during Disaster Situations in Indonesia Astuti, Astuti; Hayati, Happy; Waluyanti, Fajar Tri; Wanda, Dessie
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 2
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Abstract

This study aimed to analyze complementary food fulfillment during disaster situations in Indonesia since it frequently experiences natural disasters and young children face unique challenges related to their feeding needs in disaster situations. This qualitative case study based on the Mount Merapi eruption and Sumedang landslide in 2021 collected data using observations, forum group discussions, and in-depth interviews; then, a thematic analysis was conducted. This study involved 17 participants, including Non-governmental Organizations (NGO) activists, health workers, residents involved in making complementary foods, and primary caregivers of children aged 6–24 months. This study found that there were five themes generated from the data analysis; 1) the donation of home-based complementary foods based on local wisdom, 2) inadequate complementary feeding, 3) limited resources to manage the complementary feeding, 4) clean versus dirty conditions, and 5) mothers’ endeavour in complementary feeding practices. This study concluded that the complementary feeding practices during a disaster in Indonesia were supported by NGOs, residents, and nearby healthcare workers and thus represent a form of mutual cooperation among the Indonesian people.
Infarct Diameter for Predicting Cognitive Dysfunction in Ischemic Stroke Survivors in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Harahap, Herpan Syafii; Putri, Setyawati Asih; Indrayana, Yanna; Amin, Hasan; Mahardika, Fransisca Ika
Kesmas Vol. 17, No. 2
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Abstract

Cognitive dysfunction is an important consequence of ischemic stroke, which can progress in the first few years and is primarily determined by clinical factors. This study aimed to investigate the clinical determinants of cognitive dysfunction in stroke survivors in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study assessed 255 ischemic stroke survivors with a mean age of 57.1±9.3 years old and 29–79 years old, recruited consecutively in three main hospitals in West Nusa Tenggara Province between March 2019 and October 2021. Categorical data collected included age, sex, education level, clinical determinants of ischemic stroke, and cognitive status of the patients. The association between the clinical determinants of ischemic stroke and the risk of cognitive dysfunction in patients was analyzed using logistic regression after adjusting for age, sex, and level of education. The final multiple logistic regression analysis models revealed infarct diameter as the only clinical determinant significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction (OR = 3.14;95% CI = 1.20–8.23). Thus, a larger infarct diameter is the only clinical determinant of cognitive dysfunction in ischemic stroke survivors in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia.

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