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Folia Medica Indonesiana The Unit of Journal Consortium and Folia Medica Indonesiana Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Jl. Prof. Dr. Moestopo No.47, Pacar Kembang, Kec. Tambaksari, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
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Folia Medica Indonesiana
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23558398     EISSN : 2599056X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.65346/2958-4515.2401
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Folia Medica Indonesiana, as indicated by its name, focuses on publishing good quality articles about research and education on health science and medicine in Indonesia. However, due to the fast growth of science and knowledge in these fields, we also welcome submitted articles from around the world, especially the ones that contain related matters from lower-middle income countries. Folia Medica Indonesiana is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal that is published online at least four times a year. The scope covers various aspects of basic medical sciences includes anatomy, physiology, pathology, microbiology, pharmacology, and molecular medicine) and clinical medicine (covers specialties like internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, oncology, psychiatry, etc). We highlight the pathology and potential treatment of metabolic syndromes and infectious diseases. Folia Medica Indonesiana also encourages the publication of articles about health education. The scope includes, but is not limited to, articles that emphasize on preventive education on certain diseases in a community, also research report of various materials and/or methods to develop medical education. We recognize the importance of this type of articles to be published alongside the assigned topic in each of our yearly issues, to provide our readers with updated information in medical sciences’ research and education simultaneously.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 571 Documents
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Early Warning Systems (E-Wars) Design for Early Detection of Stroke Incidence Erawantini, Feby; Karimah, Rinda Nurul
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 2
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Abstract

Stroke is a neurological disease whose occurrence increases from year to year and causes disability and death worldwide. Stroke is caused by many factors or multicausal. This was a qualitative study conducted for one year with system design using prototype method. The prototype method began with the identification of needs, mapping, and then inference mechanism. Identification of needs was based on the literature review and discussion. The literature review from 15 sources consisting of journal articles, books and proceedings was done by comparing, contrasting, criticizing, synthesizing and summarizing. Stroke risk factor discussion were carried out with neurologists. The results of the review and literature discussion found identification of factors that cause stroke, which consisted of hypertension, high blood glucose, cholesterol, heart disease, behavioral factors, such as smoking behavior and alcoholism, stress and other causes. The risk factors of stroke were then mapped in the form of mobile application prototype through inference mechanism. The output in this study was early warning systems (E-WARS) prototype for early detection of stroke occurrence. The prototype results were expected to be used in operations into mobile applications that were beneficial to the public, in particular for self-control and personal risk factors for stroke. It was intended for early screening and early detection of the risk of stroke.
Unusual Choanal Atresia in Children Ibnu, Yunis Sucipta; Kristyono, Irwan
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 58, No. 3
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Abstract

Highlights: • Unusual CA in a 5-year-old boy with paranasal sinuses malformation in the ORL-HNS. • Transnasal endoscopy posterior septectomy was successfully done. Abstract: Choanal atresia is a developmental failure of the nasal cavity to connect with the nasopharynx. The cause is either unilateral or bilateral nasal obstruction. Bilateral choanal atresia is a very rare condition and diagnosed soon after birth because neonates are obligate nasal breathers. Delayed diagnosis can cause death due to respiratory distress. The objective of this study was to report bilateral choanal atresia in 5-year-old boy who survived by breathing through his mouth using a simple tool made by his parent. It was a very rare condition because the posterior nasal cavity was covered by medial wall malformations of both maxillary sinuses which fused with the posterior nasal septum. The surgery method for this patient was posterior septectomy with transnasal endoscopic to create a neochoanae. The post-operative patient could breathe normally through his nose. Six weeks later, the nasal endoscopic evaluation indicated the patient's patent neochoana.
Effect of Combination Soy Bean Oil and Oleic Acid to Characteristic, Penetration, Physical Stability of Nanostructure Lipid Carrier Resveratrol Soeratri, Widji; Hidayah, Rohmawati; Rosita, Noorma
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 55, No. 3
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Abstract

Resveratrol is an antioxidant that can be used as anti-aging. Topical use has several problems because solubility in water is low and unstable to light. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combination of soy bean oil and oleic acid liquid lipids on the characteristics, penetration, and stability of resveratrol nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were made with high shear homogeneous technique. To determine the characterization of NLC, diffraction scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transforms infrared spectrophotometry were used. Examination of the morphological form was carried out with a transmission electron microscope. The particle size and polydispersity index examination were measured by the Delsa Nanoâ„¢ particle size analyzer, while the efficiency of trapping resveratrol in the NLC system was measured by the dialysis membrane method. Furthermore, the penetration depth test on the skin of mice was done by fluorescence microscope method using rhodamine B markers. Physical stability test was performed by examination of particle size and index polydispersity for 30 days. The formula with liquid soy bean oil and oleic acid liquid lipids improved the characteristics including the effectiveness of entrapment and colloidal stability. However, the formula with soy bean oil and oleic acid combination liquid lipids did not provide better penetration into the skin than the use of single liquid lipids. While the formula with soy bean oil and oleic acid liquid lipids proved to improve the physical stability for 30 days.
Positivity of ExoU Gene of Type III Secretion System and Fluoroquinolone Resistance of Psedomonas aeruginosa from Sputum of Nosocomial Pneumonia Patients in Sanglah Hospital, Bali Saputra, I Wayan Agus Gede Manik; Mertaniasih, Ni Made; Fatmawati, Ni Nengah Dwi
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 2
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Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the Gram-negative rods bacteria that frequently cause nosocomial pneumonia. One of the main virulent effector proteins on Type III secretion system (TTSS) of P. aeruginosa is Exoenzyme U ( ExoU). ExoU works as a phospholipase A2 activity and exhibits lung tissue injury effect in pneumonia. As an antibiotic that has activity against P. aeruginosa, fluoroquinolone resistance has increased as many as three fold since the last decade. Infections caused by P. aeruginosa that are fluoroquinolone resistant and positive for ExoU gene show worse clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the positivity of ExoU gene TTSS and fluoroquinolone resistance of P. aeruginosa that isolated from sputum of nosocomial pneumonia patients in Sanglah Hospital, Bali. P. aeruginosa isolated from sputum of patient that diagnosed as nosocomial pneumonia, isolates had been identified phenotypically by Vitek2 Compact system (bioMérieux, Inc., Marcy-l'Etoile - France), and then continued by genotypic detection by PCR. The susceptibility testing of P. aeruginosa isolates to Ciprofloxacin were conducted by Vitek2 Compact, whereas ExoU genes were detected by PCR. Fifty-three P. aeruginosa isolates were identified in this study, in which 35 isolates (66.1%) had ExoU gene and 22 isolates (41.5%) were resistant to Ciprofloxacin. Based on nosocomial pneumonia type, the highest proportion of isolates genotipically ExoU+ and phenotypically Ciprofloxacin were on VAP group accounted for 57.1% and 54.5%, respectively. Chi-square analysis showed significant correlation between Ciprofloxacin resistance and ExoU gene (p=0.001). As a conclusion, the positivity of ExoU+ isolates were more likely found in Ciprofloxacin resistant group.
A Headset in the Bladder Soetojo, Soetojo; Madani, Hasan
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 55, No. 2
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Abstract

Foreign objects may be present in the bladder due to deliberate insertion or displacement of the surrounding organs. There have been multiple cases of sharp objects such as nails, hair pins, and screws, as well as large objects such as AAA batteries, toothbrushes, and ballpoint pens found in the urethra and the bladder, which must have been aimed to induce sexual satisfaction associated with mental and psychic disorders. The diagnosis was established by means of radiological examinations, ie thoracic x-ray, KUB, and urethrography. This article reported a 32-year-old man with headset inserted to penile until bladder and could not be pulled out again. The patient complained pain and bleeding out of the urinary tract. We performed vesicotomy and pulling the out headset from bladder. The operation was succesful. In conclusion, the case of a headset in the bladder has been treated successfully with vesicotomy.
Changes on Serum Troponin T Level before and after Taking Standard Therapy Medication in Heart Failure Patients Indrawijaya, Yen Yen Ari; Suharjono, Suharjono; Aminuddin, Muhammad; Retnowati, Endang; Rahman, Gilang Mauladi
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 56, No. 1
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Abstract

Patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA FC III and IV heart failure) had positive cardiac troponin levels in previous cohort studies. In heart failure, cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is a biomarker that is sensitive to myocardial damage, especially myocardial necrosis. However, there is still little information regarding changes in cTnT levels during standard therapy. This prospective observational study is aimed at evaluating changes in cTnT levels before and after theadministration of standard therapy and evaluating symptom improvement before and after the administration of standard therapy in patients with severe heart failure. Measurement of cTnT levels and symptom improvement parameters before treatment was carried out on the first day of the inpatient and measurement after therapy was carried out on the last day of the inpatient. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling and found 30 patients in the inpatient room of the SMF Cardiovascular Disease, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya during the months of May-July 2017. The results of the study obtained the average cTnT levels before therapy 33.48 + 31.88 pg/ml and the average cTnT levels after therapy 46.32 + 52.68 pg/ml. Based on the statistical difference test with the Wilcoxon sign-ranked test, there was no significant change in cTnT levels (p = 0.318). On the parameter of clinical symptom improvement, there was a significant decrease in pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure before and after administration of therapy (p <0.05). There was no change in troponin T levels before and after the administration of therapy meant there was no worsening of myocardial necrosis.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Effects on Contrast and Macular Light Sensitivity in Dry Type Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Dewi, Indriani Kartika; Moestidjab, Moestidjab; Harnanik, Titut
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 57, No. 1
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Abstract

This study was to compare the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on contrast and macular light sensitivity improvement in dry type age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients. The subjects were eyes that had been diagnosed with dry type AMD which met inclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into two groups. The first group was given antioxidants and HBOT. The second group was given only antioxidants. Contrast and macular light sensitivity test were done using MARS contrast sensitivity chart and Humphrey Field Analyzer-3 for three times, pre-therapy, day-1 and 14 post- therapy. This study found that 25 eyes were included for analysis, 14 subjects in first group, and 11 subjects in second group. Statistical analysis results showed that there were significant increase on contrast sensitivity in intervention group between one-day post-therapy with pre-therapy, P = 0.003 (P <0.05), and between 14-days post-therapy with pre-therapy, P = 0,015 (P <0.05). From pre- and post-analysis, there were no significant difference found on contrast sensitivity in control group and macular light sensitivity in intervention group. In control group, there were significant increase on superotemporal, superonasal, and inferonasal area between one-day post-therapy and pra-therapy with P = 0.004, P = 0.013 and P = 0.008 (P <0.05), respectively, and there was significant decrease on inferonasal area between 14-days post-therapy and one-day post-therapy, P = 0.003 (P <0.05). In conclusion, patients with AMD who were subjected to HBOT achieved improvement in contrast sensitivity in cases considered as having low prognosis. HBOT should be considered as promising intervention for AMD management adjuvant and further research are needed to find optimal dosage.
Sub-acute stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis associated with antiplatelets clopidogrel resistance and protein s deficiency Kurniawan, M Zakky; Pratanu, Iswanto
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51, No. 4
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Abstract

Protein S deficiency and antiplatelets clopidogrel resistance may uncommonly be responsible for coronary artery thrombosis. Hereby we report a patient presented with coronary disease, who had undergone PCI. However, two days later the patient was found in-stent thrombosis. Primary PCI was performed later with good result, but after 4 months evaluation with treadmill test we found significant ST depression in related region. It was suspected the patient had in-stent re-stenosis incidence. Further hematologic investigation showed that this patient had antiplatelets clopidogrel resistance and protein S deficiency. Double antiplatelet with another kind of antiplatelets and anticoagulant had given in this case. However, the remaining consideration is the choice for reperfusion strategy.
The potency of alpha lipoic acid as anti inflammatory on the complete freund's adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rat model Megawati, Selvi; Rahmadi, Mahardian; Susilo, Imam; Khotib, Junaidi
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 52, No. 2
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Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune diseases which is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial tissue in joints. This research was designed to investigate the effect of alpha lipoic acid as antioxidant on rats with complete freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced RA by intra articular injection of complete freund's adjuvant (CFA). ALA was administered orally once a day for 7 days at 30, 60 and 120 mg doses a week after CFA injection. The severity of arthritis was evaluated by joint diameter and latency time on thermal stimulation. Joint diameter and latency time on thermal stimulation will measured on day 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 14. Measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) level in plasma was performed using thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method to assess lipid peroxidation. Histology of joint was examined by microscope following hematoxylin-eosin staining. The result showed that treatment with ALA at 30 mg and 60 mg significantly decreased the joint diameter compared to CFA group (p=0.003; p=0.001 respectively) and rat's latency time on thermal stimulation was also significantly increased compared to CFA group (p=0.015; p=0.026 respectively). Measurement of MDA in CFA group and ALA group had no significant difference. Histological staining indicated that the recovery of the synovial membranes of joint in ALA group had no effect. Results indicated that ALA has the effect to suppress the development of inflammation in RA but not through oxidative stress pathway.
Comparation of Phenotypic and Genotypic Profile of Carbapenemase Producing Escherichia coli Sutandhio, Silvia; Budiono, Budiono; Hardiono, Hardiono; Kuntaman, Kuntaman; Wasito, Eddy Bagus; Lusida, Maria Inge
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 1
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Abstract

Carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) has caused trouble in therapeutic antibiotic selection. Carbapenemase screening procedure in laboratories is usually based on inacurate semi-automatic system. Confirmation and classification of carbapenemases according to Ambler can be done with combination of phenotypic methods, i.e., Modified Hodge Test (MHT), Sodium Mercaptoacetic Acid (SMA), and 3-Aminophenylboronic Acid (PBA). This study aimed to compare profiles of carbapenemase-producing E. coli which were confirmed and classified phenotypically with the genotypic profiles. E. coli isolates from urine specimens which were potential as carbapenemase-producers according to semi-automatic system BD Phoenix were phenotypically tested with MHT, SMA, and PBA. Isolates were grouped as carbapenemase-producers and non carbapenemase-producers. Phenotypic carbapenemase-producer isolates were classified based on Ambler criteria. All isolates were then tested with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the presence of OXA-48, IMP1, IMP2, GES, VIM, NDM, KPC genes. Out of 30 isolates, 6 isolates (20.0%) were MHT positive, and 25 isolates (83.3%) were SMA positive, which indicated that most isolates produced were carbapenemase Ambler B. PCR confirmed 12 isolates (40.0%) had VIM gene which were classified as carbapenemase Ambler B. Phenotypic confirmatory test had 100% sensitivity and 22.2% specificity. Classification with phenotypic confirmatory test had 91.7% match with PCR. Phenotypic confirmatory test detected more carbapenemase than PCR. This low specificity may be caused by inappropriate use of diagnostic gold standard. PCR should not be used for routine carbapenemase confirmation because of vast diversity of carbapenemases. Phenotypic confirmatory test can classify carbapenemase according to Ambler classification.

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