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Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Published by Global Health Science Group
ISSN : 27149749     EISSN : 27151972     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr
Core Subject :
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research is a open access, peer reviewed and refereed international journal. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research aim to publish original research paper devoted to various area of all health sciences. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research provides a forum for sharing timely and up-to-date publication of scientific research, health care and promoting the development of nursing, public health, community, environmental and occupational health. The journal publishes original research papers of health sciences. High priority will be given to articles on public, nursing, adolescent, community, environmental and occupational health, pharmaceutical technology, social pharmacy, traditional medicine, pharmacology, and so on.
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Articles 1,005 Documents
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The Relationship between Knowledge about HIV/AIDS and Adolescents' Free Sexual Behavior Fathia Fahkri Inayati Said; Fenska Makualaina; Lisma Natalia Br Sembiring; Nasrianti Nasrianti; Yance Ronald Rainuny; Yestiani Norita Joni
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i2.1377

Abstract

Adolescence is a transitional period that is vulnerable to risky behavior, including promiscuous sex. Lack of knowledge about HIV/AIDS can increase the risk of unsafe sexual behavior, which can potentially lead to HIV/AIDS transmission in adolescents. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge about HIV/AIDS and promiscuous sexual behavior in adolescents. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 61 students majoring in Nursing Assistant at SMK YPKP, selected using an accidental sampling technique. The research instruments consisted of an HIV/AIDS knowledge questionnaire and a Guttman scale questionnaire on promiscuity behavior. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents had sufficient knowledge about HIV/AIDS (78.7%) and negative promiscuity behavior (54.1%). Statistical tests showed a significant relationship between knowledge about HIV/AIDS and promiscuity behavior in adolescents (p-value = 0.000). All respondents with good knowledge (21.3 %) had positive promiscuity behavior. There is a significant relationship between knowledge about HIV/AIDS and adolescent sexual behavior. Good knowledge plays a crucial role in developing positive and safe sexual behavior.
Human Organ Trafficking as a Health Crime: An Analysis of Indonesian Criminal Law Wayan Santoso
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i2.1378

Abstract

Human organ trafficking has emerged as a serious challenge at the intersection of health law, criminal law, and human rights in Indonesia. Despite the prohibition of organ commercialization under national legislation, the illicit trade in human organs continues to occur, indicating limitations in the existing legal framework and enforcement mechanisms. Aims: This study aims to analyze human organ trafficking as a health-related crime within the Indonesian criminal law system and to critically assess the adequacy of current legal regulations in addressing its complex medical, ethical, and human rights dimensions. The research employs an analytical–critical normative juridical approach. Relevant statutory provisions, including health law, criminal law, and human trafficking legislation, are examined through statutory, conceptual, and limited comparative approaches. The study relies on primary legal materials, scholarly literature, and international legal instruments, which are analyzed using qualitative legal analysis. The findings reveal that Indonesian law addresses organ trafficking through a fragmented regulatory framework, resulting in legal ambiguity and inconsistent enforcement. The absence of a distinct criminal offense for organ trafficking complicates the determination of criminal liability and often leads to disproportionate punishment of vulnerable donors while inadequately targeting organized networks and professional actors. Additionally, victim protection mechanisms, particularly in terms of medical aftercare and legal support, remain insufficient. The study concludes that comprehensive criminal policy reform is necessary to effectively address human organ trafficking in Indonesia. Explicit recognition of organ trafficking as a distinct health-related crime, integration of health law safeguards, and adoption of a victim-centered approach are essential to ensure legal certainty, proportional justice, and alignment with international human rights standards.
Yoga Mental Resilience Model based Tri Hita Karana for Enhancing Adolescent Mental Health I Wayan Muliarta; Luh Putu Tuti Ariani; Ketut Chandra Adinata Kusuma; I Kadek Artawan
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 7 No. 6 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i6.1380

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of academic anxiety and mild to moderate depressive symptoms among senior high school students has become a growing mental health concern. Limited access to formal counseling services, psychological stigma, and the need for culturally contextualized non-clinical interventions highlight the urgency of developing alternative approaches grounded in local wisdom. This study aimed to design and evaluate a Tri Hita Karana-based Yoga Mental Resiliensi (YMR) model as a promotive–preventive intervention to reduce anxiety and depression among high school students. The study employed a research and development (R&D) approach, encompassing needs analysis, model design, expert validation, and limited implementation testing. Data were collected through field observations, standardized anxiety and depression questionnaires psychological assessment using a standardized and validated instrument, namely the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales–21 (DASS-21), in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs) involving students, teachers, and relevant school stakeholders. The YMR model integrates three core components: physical postures (light-to-moderate asana), breathing techniques and mindfulness practices (pranayama and brief meditation), and positive affirmations combined with group discussions. The findings indicate that the YMR model demonstrates strong content validity, construct validity, and practical feasibility, and contributes significantly to improved emotional regulation, enhanced mental resilience, and reduced levels of anxiety and depression among students. In conclusion, Tri Hita Karana-based yoga through the YMR model represents an innovative, adaptive, and culturally relevant intervention to support adolescent psychosocial well-being in school settings.  
Update on Adult Dermatomyositis Cut Putri Hazlianda; Awalia Astarina
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1387

Abstract

Dermatomyositis is a systemic autoimmune disorder that is an inflammatory disease of the skin, muscles, and blood vessels with characteristic skin eruptions accompanied by proximal limb muscle weakness or atrophy. This condition can affect children and adults. The pathognomonic lesions are the heliotrope sign, Gottron's papule, and Gottron's sign Malignancy can occur in 10%- 20%, with nasopharyngeal cancer being the most common. Etiology and pathogenesis are autoimmune; other triggers include drugs, infection, sun exposure, and malignancy. The latest diagnosis criteria by EULAR/ACR 2017 and Sontheimer et al. can be used as a reference for diagnosis. Comprehensive management of dermatomyositis aims to decrease symptoms, increase quality of life, and early detection of malignancy. Topical therapy options for dermatomyositis are topical calcineurin inhibitors and corticosteroids. In addition, systemic therapy consists of steroid- sparing agents, antimalarials, and corticosteroids. The current treatment of dermatomyositis is the administration of intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) and rituximab.
Literatur Review: The Role of Probiotics in Preventing Aging Prima Minerva; Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto; Jamsari Jamsari; Tofrizal Tofrizal
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i1.1391

Abstract

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by progressive functional decline of organs and tissues, largely driven by oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and cellular senescence. Recent evidence suggests that age-related gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes significantly to inflammaging and oxidative damage, accelerating the aging process. Probiotics have emerged as potential gerobiotics due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and microbiota-modulating properties. This literature review aims to evaluate the role of probiotics in preventing and delaying the aging process through modulation of gut microbiota, oxidative stress reduction, and regulation of inflammatory. A narrative literature review was conducted using scientific publications from 2012 to 2023 obtained from NCBI (PubMed), ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. Articles were selected based on relevance to probiotics, gut microbiota, oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging mechanisms. A total of 300 articles were identified from PubMed (n = 120), Science Direct (n = 95), and Google Scholar (n = 85). After removing duplicates, 235 articles were screened. 45 full text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 11 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. The reviewed studies indicate that probiotics, particularly strains from the genera Lactobacillus, exert anti-aging effects by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhancing endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx), regulating inflammatory pathways (NF-κB, cytokines), activating Nrf2 signaling, maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, and restoring gut microbiota balance. Several probiotic strains were shown to delay telomere shortening, suppress cellular senescence markers, and improve metabolic. Probiotics play a significant role in preventing aging by modulating gut microbiota composition, reducing oxidative stress, and suppressing chronic inflammation. These findings support the potential application of probiotics as gerobiotics to promote healthy aging and extend health span.
The Relationship between Body Image and Self-Confidence among Health Sciences Students Dheny Sulistyaningrum; Arif Widodo
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1394

Abstract

University students are individuals who are in a transitional phase from late adolescence to early adulthood, characterized by various physical, psychological, and social changes. Body image is one psychological aspect related to how individuals perceive and evaluate their bodies. Body image can play a role in the development of self-confidence, which is needed to engage in academic and social activities. Self-confidence is a positive attitude that reflects an individual’s belief in their abilities, objective self-assessment, and the ability to act rationally and responsibly. Adequate self-confidence plays an important role in supporting learning processes, environmental adaptation, and students’ psychological well-being. Therefore, understanding the relationship between body image and self-confidence among university students is important. This study aimed to determine the relationship between body image and self-confidence among students of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. This study employed a quantitative correlational design with a sample of 96 students selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using body image and self-confidence questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was conducted using Spearman correlation analysis. The results showed that most respondents had a moderate level of body image (74%) and a moderate level of self-confidence (54.2%). Spearman correlation analysis showed a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05) with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.557, indicating a positive relationship with moderate strength between body image and self-confidence. It can be concluded that there is a significant and positive relationship between body image and self-confidence among students of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. The more positive an individual’s perception of their body, the higher their level of self-confidence.
The Effect of Empowering Health Cadres Through Whatsapp on the Knowledge and Skills of Health Cadres in Hypertension Management Maitha Annthonette Wulan Keloay; Ferry Efendi; Makhfudli Makhfudli; Retno Indrawati; Andri Setiya Wahyudi; Elida Ulfiana
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1397

Abstract

Hypertension remains one of the leading causes of global mortality, affecting approximately 1.28 billion adults worldwide, yet only 21% successfully manage to control their blood pressure. This highlights the urgent need for community-based strategies, particularly through the empowerment of health cadres. Digital health education interventions—such as those utilizing WhatsApp—are considered promising for enhancing cadres’ competencies in hypertension management. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of empowering health cadres through Whatsapp on the knowledge and skills of cadres in hypertension management. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group approach. The first phase involved the development of a training module informed by a literature review, field study, and expert consultation. Data collection was done using purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 60 respondents, 30 intervention and control groups each. In the second phase, an intervention was conducted involving 60 health cadres (30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group) within the jurisdiction of Tateli public health care, delivered via WhatsApp. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Mann-Whitney U Test, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The findings revealed a statistically significant improvement in both knowledge and skills among cadres in the intervention group. Knowledge increased from moderate (90%) to good (73.3%), and skills from moderate (90%) to good (93.3%), with p < 0.001. No significant changes were observed in the control group. WhatsApp-based educational interventions are effective in improving health cadres' knowledge and skills in hypertension management. Given its accessibility, affordability, and practicality, WhatsApp serves as a strategic and sustainable tool for ongoing cadre training in the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases at the community level.
The Relationship between High Heel Size Variation and Long Standing Duration on the Risk of Plantar Fasciitis Gusnur Gazali Ashari; Benny Benny; Iman Dwi Winanto
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1401

Abstract

Wound healing is a crucial aspect in orthopedics. Channa striata (snakehead fish) contains albumin and other bioactive compounds thought to accelerate wound healing To assess the effectiveness of Channa striata extract gel on wound healing in Wistar rats based on clinical (wound area) and histopathological (HEALS-A score) parameters. Laboratory experimental research with post-test only control group design using 27 male Wistar rats, divided into three groups: negative control (no treatment), positive control (Bioplacenton), and treatment (Vipalbumin gel). Evaluation of wound area was performed on days 0, 3, 7, and 14 using ImageJ. Histopathological examination was conducted using HE staining and HEALS-A scoring. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Chi-Square tests.  On day 14, the mean wound area of the treatment group (7.1±2.8 mm²) was equivalent to the positive control (6.7±2.5 mm²), both significantly smaller than the negative control (54.2±32.5 mm²; p<0.001). HEALS-A scores showed significant differences between groups on days 3, 7, and 14 (p<0.001; p=0.001; p=0.001). Channa striata extract gel effectively accelerates wound healing clinically and histologically, with effectiveness equivalent to Bioplacenton.
Digital Electronic Early Warning Scores for Early Detection of Patient Deterioration and Nursing Response: A Systematic Literature Review Nawawi Nawawi; Wastu Adi Mulyono
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1403

Abstract

Early recognition of patient deterioration and prompt clinical intervention are essential components of quality healthcare and patient safety. Digital-based Electronic Early Warning Score (E-EWS) systems have been developed to facilitate the early identification of clinical deterioration; however, evidence regarding their effectiveness remains inconclusive. This systematic review aimed to examine the role of digital E-EWS systems in enhancing the early detection of patient deterioration and improving nursing responses across various clinical settings. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Relevant studies published between 2015 and 2025 were retrieved from PubMed, PMC, Scopus, Google Scholar, Springer, and MDPI databases. The search strategy employed the following keywords: (“Electronic Early Warning Score” OR “digital early warning system”) AND (“patient deterioration” OR “early detection”) AND (“nursing response” OR “rapid response” OR “escalation”) AND (inpatient OR hospital OR ward). A total of 133 articles were initially identified, and after screening based on PICOS criteria, nine studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. The selected studies evaluated the impact of E-EWS implementation on early detection of patient deterioration, clinical processes, nursing responses, and patient outcomes. The findings demonstrated that digital E-EWS systems improved the accuracy and completeness of vital sign documentation, enabled earlier identification of high-risk patients, and strengthened clinical escalation through automated alerts and standardized response recommendations. Improvements in nursing practice were also observed, including increased monitoring frequency, enhanced interprofessional communication, and more timely activation of Rapid Response Teams (RRT). Nevertheless, evidence regarding major clinical outcomes, such as mortality, cardiac arrest, and unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, remained inconsistent across studies. Variability in study design, differences in E-EWS platforms, and limited reporting of nursing interventions posed challenges to establishing definitive conclusions. Overall, digital E-EWS systems demonstrate considerable potential to improve patient safety and support the quality of nursing care in contemporary healthcare settings.
The Effect of Turmeric Leaf (Curcuma Longa L.) Extract on Acyl Ghrelin, Growth Hormone, and Ampk Levels in Hyperlipidemic Rats Induced by A High-Fat Diet and Propylthiouracil: An in Silico and in Vivo Study Grace Stefani Christanto; Endy Juli Anto; Jekson Martiar Siahaan
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1404

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with a continuously increasing prevalence worldwide. Turmeric leaves (Curcuma longa L.) contain various bioactive compounds with potential antihyperlipidemic properties through modulation of metabolic biomarkers such as acyl ghrelin, growth hormone (GH), and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). To analyze the effects of ethanolic turmeric leaf extract on acyl ghrelin, GH, and AMPK levels in hyperlipidemic rats induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and propylthiouracil (PTU) using combined in silico and in vivo approaches. This laboratory experimental study used Federer's formula to determine the sample size, resulting in 36 male Wistar rats randomly divided into six groups: normal control (K1), hyperlipidemia control receiving HFD+PTU (K2), positive control receiving HFD+PTU+simvastatin 0.9 mg/kg body weight (BW) (K3), and three treatment groups receiving HFD+PTU plus ethanolic turmeric leaf extract at doses of 300 mg/kg BW (K4), 600 mg/kg BW (K5), and 1200 mg/kg BW (K6). In silico molecular docking was conducted to evaluate interactions between active compounds and target proteins. Measured parameters included lipid profiles, aortic histopathology, and levels of acyl ghrelin, GH, and AMPK assessed using ELISA.  Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of five classes of bioactive compounds in the extract. In silico analysis identified rutin as the principal compound, exhibiting strong binding affinities to acyl ghrelin (−10.6 kcal/mol), growth hormone (−8.0 kcal/mol), and AMPK (−9.3 kcal/mol). The 300 mg/kg BW dose demonstrated the most pronounced lipid-lowering effects, with significant reductions in total cholesterol (210.50±2.74 to 181.67±6.98 mg/dL), triglycerides (246.83±8.47 to 179.17±8.80 mg/dL), and LDL (96.33±5.68 to 70.17±8.11 mg/dL), alongside an increase in HDL (65.00±3.74 to 75.67±1.97 mg/dL) (p<0.001). Histopathological analysis revealed reduced aortic wall thickness (192.59±6.99 μm) and foam cell count (24.17±4.31) in this group. Acyl ghrelin levels differed significantly among groups (p<0.001), with the hyperlipidemic control showing the lowest levels. The 600 mg/kg BW dose optimally increased AMPK (10.33±0.95 ng/mL) and GH (1.96±0.15 ng/mL) compared with the hyperlipidemic control (p<0.05). Ethanolic turmeric leaf extract exerts significant antihyperlipidemic effects by improving lipid profiles, attenuating atherosclerosis, and modulating metabolic biomarkers including acyl ghrelin, GH, and AMPK. A dose of 300 mg/kg BW was most effective for lipid profile improvement and atherosclerosis reduction, while 600 mg/kg BW was optimal for hormonal biomarker modulation.

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