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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 55, No 3 (2023)" : 12 Documents clear
Serum IL-17 levels correlate with urinary albumin in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pregnant mice model Wahyuni, Sari; Pratiwi, Agustina Ida; Mawaddah, Sofia; Iswati, Retno Setyo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202301

Abstract

Women of reproductive age are more likely to have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which frequently results in health issues, particularly during pregnancy. A normal pregnancy's first trimester shows a marked increase in the percentage of Th17 cells, which then steadily declined in the second and third trimesters. Meanwhile, IL-17 level increases in SLE-affected pregnant women. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between serum IL-17 and pregnancy outcome (fetus weight, blood pressure, urinary albumin) in SLE pregnant animal models. Twenty mice were randomly divided into two groups, including the normal pregnant group and SLE-pregnant group. The SLE pregnant mice was made by intraperitoneally induction of 0.5 mL pristane. Serum IL-17 was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The serum IL-17 level, the blood pressure and urinary albumin were significantly higher in the SLE pregnant mice group than those of the normal pregnant group (p< 0.05). The weight of fetus was significantly smaller in the group of SLE pregnant mice group than the normal pregnant group (p< 0.05). There was a significantly positive correlation between the serum IL-17 level and urinary albumin (p = 0.042; r = 0.459). In conclusion, serum IL-17 levels correlate with urine albumin in SLE pregnant models, but do not correlate with fetus weight and blood pressure.
A rare case of Salmonella sp septic arthritis in a patient with systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Steffanus, Mario; Yusuf, Cindy; Hadiyanto, Jessica Novia
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202306

Abstract

Septic arthritis is considered as a medical emergency which can lead to significant morbidity and cause substantial mortality, especially if the diagnosis is delayed. Prolonged use of immunosuppressive and cytotoxic medications as therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) causing patient susceptible to secondary infection. However, septic arthritis due to Salmonella sp. is very rare,  makes this is an important extraintestinal manifestation especially in immunosuppressed patients. We presented a case of 25 y.o. female diagnosed with SLE 3 m.o. earlier presented with fever and arthritis on her left genu for 1 wk duration. Genu ultrasonography showed synovitis genu sinistra with fluid volume of 1-2 cc on recessus lateral genu sinistra. The patient was further analysis on her synovial fluid was conducted, the gram stained smear of the fluid showed >25 leucocytes, low power field, and Salmonella sp. was isolated from her synovial fluid analysis. The patient was given intravenous ciprofloxacin and discharged home well. Septic arthritis should always be considered in any patients on long-term immunosuppression state who present with acutely swollen joints. It considered as an important medical emergency with high mortality and morbidity. Hence, prompt recognition, joint aspiration with administration of systemic antibiotics and appropriate surgical intervention plays a pivotal role to minimize morbidity and mortality.
Gut dysbiosis and the role of probiotics in chronic kidney disease Cahyadi, Alius; Yuwono, Angelina; Subagio, Stephanie Widodo; Iryaningrum, Maria Riastuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202309

Abstract

Chronic inflammatory condition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Gut dysbiosis is assumed as one of leading factors to the chronic inflammatory condition. The relationship between the kidney and the gastrointestinal, knowns as the gut-kidney axis, has a role in production and accumulation of uremic toxins derived from gut microbial fermentation of protein, and translocation of endotoxins and microbial from gut lumen into bloodstream due to alterations of intestinal epithelial barrier in CKD patients. Probiotics supplementation is one of the optional theraphy to restore the gut dysbiosis in CKD patients. Recent studies found that probiotics supplementation in CKD patients decreased uremic toxins and pro-inflammatory cytokines production, and delayed CKD progression. The improvement of this chronic inflammatory condition is expected to decrease cardiovascular disease risk in CKD patients. This review aims to describe the importance of gut-kidney axis in CKD patients, particularly in gut dysbiosis, and the role of probiotics in progression of CKD.
Comorbidities of COVID-19 patients associated with mortality at the Baubau Regional Public Hospital, South East Sulawesi Mustiqawati, Evi; Yolandari, Sri; Nurwanti, Ratih; Sapril, Sapril
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202305

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. Until November 30th, 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed 61,869,330 positive cases with 1,448,896 deaths (CFR 2.3%). Some comorbidities are associated with the COVID-19 mortality. This study aimed to investigate risk factors of the COVID-19 mortality at the Baubau Regional Public Hospital, Sout East Sulawesi. It was a cross-sectional study with a retrospective analysis involving 81 COVID-19 patients. Purposive sampling was applied in this study. Chi-square analysis was conducted to calculate odd ratio (OR). The result showed that in the period from January to September 2021, 30 COVID-19 patients died consisting of 20 male and 10 female. Most of the patients died were >45 yo and only 4 patients died were <45 yo. Among the patients died, 11 patients had hypertension, 12 patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), 4 patients had pulmonary TB and 3 patients had dyspepsia. Further analysis showed that hypertension (OR=6.803; 95%CI: 1.925-24.038; p=0.002) and dyspepsia (OR=0.222; 95%CI: 0.059-0.838; p=0.016) were significantly associated with the COVID-19 mortality, whereas type 2 DM (OR=1.123; 95%CI: 0.445-2.832; p=0.495) and pulmonary TB (OR=0.559; 95%CI: 0.059-0.838; p=0.270) were not. In conclusion, hypertension is risk factor, whereas dyspepsia is protective factor of COVID-19 mortality.
Moringa oleifera Lam. to accelerate wound healing: a review Jaya, Fidi Bhawana; Syamsunarno, Mas Rizky Anggun Adipurna; Sahiratmadja, Edhyana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202310

Abstract

An injury to the skin that disrupts the soft tissue may form a wound. The healing process in response to injury is a dynamic and well-regulated process of cellular, humoral, and molecular mechanisms that consists of four partly overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. An impaired wound-healing process may cause a formation of an abnormal scar and chronic wounds, leading to a reduced life quality. Therefore, it needs an optimal prevention strategy. Many modalities have been claimed to accelerate wound healing. The trend of using natural products is increasing in most Southeast Asian countries due to their biodiversity. Nowadays, studies on natural compounds are increasing to accelerate wound healing. Moringa oleifera Lam. is a high-value plant that each part of it has a high nutritional value as well as a great range of medicinal uses, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and wound healing properties. In this review, we have explored the M. oleifera that are very rich in vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and phytochemical compounds like quercetin, kaempferol, and vicenin-2, that play a role in the wound healing process. Moreover, these compounds may enhance the healing of wounds with pathological conditions such as diabetes, immunocompromised and persistent infection.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related stroke incidence: a case series Prabaningtyas, Hanindia Riani; Hapsari, Maria Yosita Ayu; Putra, Stefanus Erdana; Hafizhan, Muhammad; Mirawati, Diah Kurnia; Budianto, Pepi; Subandi, Subandi; Danuaji, Rivan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202307

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause systemic and respiratory symptoms. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), anemia, acute heart injury, secondary infection, and stroke are the complications of COVID-19. Age, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory status, vascular risk factors, and hypoxemia are risk factors for stroke associated with COVID-19. In this case report, two cases of COVID-19 complicated by stroke and other thromboembolic diseases were discussed. Case 1: a 46-year-old man presented with right extremities weakness, dysarthria, cough, colds, chest pain radiating to left upper extremity. He was diagnosed with moderate COVID-19, with complication of embolic stroke and myocardial infarction. After administration of IV furosemid and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA), his condition improved, and he was discharged from our facility. Case 2: a 54-year-old woman presented with a decreased level of consciousness, skin discoloration, tenderness on her left calf, cough, fever, and shortness of breath. She was diagnosed with moderate COVID-19 with a complication of thrombotic stoke and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). She was treated with rTPA, IV citicoline, and fondaparinux for 5 days. In conclusion, COVID-19 carries a risk of thromboembolic complication. COVID-19 patients have a higher risk of bleeding, therefore, medications, particularly anticoagulant, should be administered with more caution.
Protective effect of corncob extract cream on guinea pig (Cavia porcellus sp) skin pigmentation exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) rays Harlisa, Pasid; Puspitasari, Indah Wahyu; Yuliyanti, Suryani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202302

Abstract

Ultraviolet B (UVB) rays exposure causes skin inflammation and pigmentation lead to decrease skin lightness. Corncobs (Zea mays) contain flavonoids which can act as antioxidant to prevent free radicals and protect the skin pigmentation. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of corncob extract cream on skin pigmentation exposed to UVB rays. This pre-posttest control group study was applied to 25 guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus sp) randomly divided into five groups. Corncob extract cream was given every day 20 min before and 4 h after UVB exposure. The UVB exposure total dose was 780 mJ/cm2. Mexameter examination was carried out on the 1st day and 28th day after treatment. There were significantly differences in the lightness level and the mean melanin index (MI) difference of guinea pigs before and after intervention on various groups (p<0.05). No significantly different of the MI between pre- and post-treatment was observed on normal control group (0.22) and negative control group (-1.06) (p>0.05). However, significantly different of the MI was observed on positive control group (-4.01), corncob 40% group (-2.72), and corncob 30% group (-2.03) (p<0.05). In conclusion, corncob extract cream can inhibit the skin pigmentation due UVB rays exposure.
Complete recovery of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in an obese patient Susanti, Vina Yanti; Anggraeni, Vita Yanti; Akbar, Adrianus; Leo, Benedreky
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202308

Abstract

There is strong evidence indicating that excess adiposity in obesity impacts immune function and host defence. However, almost no known mechanism of how the immune and host defence are affected by the low-grade inflammatory response of the obese has been established. The significance of altered immune response in obesity was presumed to be an independent risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality following the influenza pandemic back in 2009. Similarly, obesity is linked with a higher risk of severity and a worse clinical outcome of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection.This case reports a complete recovery of a severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection despite having morbid obesity aggravated by metabolic syndrome.
Turnaround time for the provision of packed red cells (PRC) and factors affecting their achievements in the Blood Transfusion Unit of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta Kaslam, Surawijaya Bakhtiar; Sukorini, Usi; Triyono, Teguh
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202304

Abstract

Turnaround time (TAT) is defined as the time it takes since request/sample is received at the blood bank until blood is cross-matched/reserved and available for transfusion. Turnround time prolongation affects patient care and satisfaction. This study aimed to evaluate TAT for the provision of packed red cells (PRC) at the Blood Transfusion Unit of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, analyze factors affected in TAT prolongation, and provide solution the prolongation.  It was an analytical descriptive study with a qualitative design, by calculating the time since receipt of the PRC request at the Blood Transfusion Unit or since blood collection from donors until data input of the crossmatch results in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital management information system (SIMETRIS) completed. Moreover, the  delay in the provision of PRC at the Blood Transfusion Unit was also analyzed. There were 3 (1.5%) of 200 ER samples that met TAT for the provision of the PRC, which was 30 min after receipt of the request at the Blood Transfusion Unit in cito conditions. There were 20 (10%) of 200 samples from the wards that met TAT for the provision of the PRC, which was 2 h after receipt of the request at the Blood Transfusion Unit if the blood stock was available. There were 55 (27.5%) of 200 samples from the wards that met TAT for the provision of the PRC, which was 4 h after the blood was collected from the donor. TAT for the provision of the PRC at the Blood Transfusion for the available blood stock group was 179.08 (67.2 – 396.27) min, replacement blood donor group was 485.38 (126.43 – 910.68) min, and cito group was 121.29 (27.68 – 421.38) min. In conclusion, there is TAT prolongation of PRC provision at the Blood Transfusion Unit of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital.
Protective effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on cardiac fibrosis of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Salsabila, Zadia Maheswari; Suryono, .; Pralampita, Pulong Wijang
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005503202303

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that induces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and  causes oxidative stress. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a diabetic complication characterized by structural and functional changes of the myocardium. Fibrosis is one of the pathological features of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Moringa oleifera leaves have been reported to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant activities which could prevent diabetic complications such as cardiomyopathy. A previous study reported that M. oleifera leaves extract have protective effects to the kidneys and liver of rats exposed to oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of the M. oleifera leaves extract on cardiac fibrosis of rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ).  This was an experimental study using a posttest-only control group design. Thirty-three male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups i.e. normal control  group (Group 1) were administered normal saline, diabetic control group (Group 2) were administered normal saline, and diabetic treatment group (Group 3) were administered M. oleifera leaves extract. Diabetes induction of rats was conducted by intraperitoneally injection of STZ at dose of 45 mg/kg BW. The M. oleifera leaves extract at a dose of 1000 mg/kg BW was administered orally one time a day for 28 days. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney. A significant difference in cardiac fibrosis occurrence between three groups was observed (p < 0.05). No cardiac fibrosis was observed in normal control group, meanwhile cardiac fibrosis was observed in all rats (9 rats) of the diabetic control group (G2). Only 2 rats in the treatment group (G3) had cardiac fibrosis. In conclusion, M. oleifera leaves extract can inhibit cardiac fibrosis in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

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