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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 97726154     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 972 Documents
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The Effect of Focus Group Discussions on Enhancing Adolescent Knowledge of Reproductive Health Salsabila, Karina Adra; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis; Kusumaningtyas, Intan; Saftarina, Fitria
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1331

Abstract

Adolescents are individuals who have a great sense of curiosity, which can increase the risk of sexual and reproductive health issues. Adolescence is also experience puberty, in which the reproductive organs mature significantly. If these organs are not properly taken care, they can lead to various reproductive health issues. To prevent these issues, Various efforts are needed to increase adolescents' knowledges about reproductive health. One such effort can be giving health education using a method like Focus Group Discussion (FGD). This study aims to examine the impact of health education using the FGD method on improving knowledge about reproductive health among adolescents. The method that used in this study is a literature review. several literatures such as journals collected and analyzed them based on the findings from those studies. This research uses 8 journals, which consist  7 experimental research journals and 1 non-experimental research journal. The results, based on the analysis of these 8 previous studies, showed an improvement in the mean, median, as well as the minimum-maximum values before and after the intervention using the FGD method. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant difference in the improvement of adolescents' knowledge about reproductive health before and after receiving health education through the FGD method.
Physiotherapy for Children with Cerebral Palsy Verizka, Talitha; Berawi, Khairun Nisa; Happy, Terza Aflika; Oktarlina, Rasmi Zakiah; Fiana, Dewi Nur
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1336

Abstract

Cerebral cortex has a motoric area which function in controlling muscle movement. When this area does not develop properly or damaged, cerebral palsy can occur. Cerebral palsy is a disorder of the motoric area of the brain which causes a dysfunction on muscle activities. Eventually, this will lead to limitation of daily activities. Disorder can occur in prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal period. There are four types of cerebral palsy which are spastic, dyskinetic, ataxic, and mixed cerebral palsy. Patient with cerebral palsy experience changes in production of force, balance, and gait as well as a decreased in production of volunteer force. The most dominant sign is balance disorder, but sensoric deficiency could also be seen. In diagnosing cerebral palsy, Levine criteria called POSTER can be used. A child is said to have cerebral palsy when four out of six categories are fulfilled. The aim of treatment of cerebral palsy is to increase functionality, improve capability, and sustain health. Treatment should be done as early as possible and intensive to achieve maximum output. Aside from pharmacological and surgical treatment, mechanic aids, and management of associated medical condition, treatment of cerebral palsy includes physiotherapy. Physiotherapy helps to improve gross motor quality in children with cerebral palsy. Although there are no medicines that can cure cerebral palsy, physiotherapy approach can be done includes re-patterning movement, neurodevelopmental technique (NDT), body weight support treadmill training, atlanto-occipitalisi mobilisation, and standing frame exercise.
Hubungan Rasio Limfosit Monosit (RLM) dengan Fraksi Ejeksi Ventrikel Kiri pada Pasien Gagal Jantung Muhammad Ainul Yaqin; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Suryani Agustina Daulay
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1339

Abstract

In the pathogenesis of heart failure, there is an inflammatory process that has a close relationship, where both influence each other. The lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMR) is a cheap and easy inflammatory biomarker and is considered to function as a predictor of poor clinical outcomes in heart failure patients. This study is an analytical descriptive study conducted with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique was carried out using consecutive sampling techniques from samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study, a chi-square test was carried out to test for significant relationships between variables. Researchers used secondary data from 86 medical record data. A total of 23.26% of samples had low LMR (≤2) with low ejection fraction (≤40%) and 3.49% had low LMR (≤2) and high left ventricular ejection fraction (>40%). On the other hand, there were 44.18% of samples that had high RLM (>2) with low left ventricular ejection fraction (≤40%) and there were 29.07% of samples that had high RML (>40%) and low left ventricular ejection fraction (≤2). The results of the chi-square test stated that the p value of both variables was 0.02 with an odds ratio of 4.386. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMR) and left ventricular ejection fraction in heart failure patients at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital, Lampung Province in 2023.
Profile of Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer based on Histopathology Results Zulfa, Fathimah; Windarti, Indri; Sutarto; Carolia, Novita
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1342

Abstract

Skin cancer is an abnormal condition in the structure of the skin that arises because the skin loses the ability to regenerate periodically. Skin cancer is high risk in people who live in tropical countries such as Indonesia. All provinces in Indonesia receive evenly distributed sunlight including Lampung province. Lampung Province is an agricultural province with the dominance of the population working in agriculture and marine sectors. Agriculture and marine sectors workers get continuous and long-term exposure to UV rays so that they are at high risk of skin disorders, one of them is skin cancer. This study was conducted in August-December 2024 in the medical record from Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital Bandar Lampung. This study was observational and was conducted by collecting data and univariate analysis on medical record data of skin cancer patients including the type of skin cancer, age, gender ], and location of tumor growth of skin cancer patients. The results showed that the most common type of skin cancer diagnosed at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung Hospital in the 2019-2024 period was non-melanoma skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma followed by basal cell carcinoma). The most common age of skin cancer patients is ≥40 years old, female and the location of tumor growth is mostly in the head and neck area.
Analisis Klinis Dispepsia pada Pasien Kolelitiasis: Studi Literatur Gultom, Dea Debora Romauli; Ramadhian, Muhammad Ricky; Lusina, Septia Eva; Darwis, Iswandi
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1377

Abstract

Cholelithiasis, also known as gallstones, is a health problem that has been increasing in prevalence worldwide. Some patients with cholelithiasis experience dyspepsia, a condition that causes discomfort in the upper digestive tract. This study aims to analyze the clinical relationship between cholelithiasis and dyspepsia based on a literature review. The articles used in this study were collected from scientific sources such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. A descriptive analysis was conducted to identify the prevalence, risk factors, and mechanisms linking cholelithiasis with dyspepsia. The results show that most patients with cholelithiasis and dyspepsia are female. The most frequently reported symptoms are abdominal pain (100%), nausea (69%), and vomiting (27%). Eating fatty foods can make these symptoms worse. While many patients feel better after having cholecystectomy, about 30% still experience dyspepsia even after surgery. This connection may be due to issues with gastrointestinal motility disorders, bile reflux, and other multifactorial causes. However, the relationship between cholelithiasis and dyspepsia remains a subject of debate, requiring further research to uncover its mechanisms and develop more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Literature Review: Rationality of Oral Antidiabetic Drug Administration in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Alicia Rahma, Cinta; Zakiah Oktarlina, Rasmi; Muhammad Aditya, Muhammad Aditya; Berawi, Khairun Nisa
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1388

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to problems with insulin performance, with prevalence continuing to increase throughout the world. According to Bodke et al (2023), in the last three decades, the number of diabetes sufferers is estimated to reach 642 million in 2040, with the majority being in low and middle income countries. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common form, caused by insulin resistance and insufficient insulin secretion so that the sugar that enters the body is difficult to process. Management of diabetes mellitus requires a comprehensive approach that includes diabetes patient education, lifestyle changes, a balanced diet, and physical activity. Patient education is essential to increase their understanding of the disease and how to manage their health condition. Lifestyle changes and a balanced diet can help regulate blood glucose levels, while physical activity plays a role in improving insulin sensitivity. Antidiabetic drugs consist of oral and injectable preparations. The combination of pharmacological therapy with oral antidiabetic drugs such as metformin and SGLT2 inhibitors has also proven effective in lowering blood glucose levels and reducing the risk of complications. This approach is expected to improve the quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients and reduce the burden of disease in society. This literature review aims to explore the importance of rationality in administering antidiabetic drugs to type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Indonesia.
Potensi Lada Hitam Sebagai Obat Herbal Terstandar Untuk Disfungsi Ereksi: Literature Review Hasbullah, Faza; Hadibrata, Exsa; Mayasari, Diana
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1390

Abstract

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a condition that affects men of all ages and backgrounds, characterized by the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. First-line treatments for ED, such as Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors (PDE5i), often cause side effects and pose contraindications, especially for patients with cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, various studies have been conducted to explore safer natural remedies. One natural substance proven to enhance erectile function is black pepper. This study implement a literature review approach, examining articles from scientific databases published between 2011 and 2025. Piperine, the active compound in black pepper, exhibits significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, reduces TNF-α levels, and protects nitric oxide (NO) from free radicals. Piperine also enhances testosterone levels by stimulating Leydig cells, contributing to improved erectile function. Moreover, piperine has been shown to increase the expression of the StAR gene, which plays a critical role in testosterone biosynthesis, essential for the erection process. Studies on animal models demonstrated improvements in sexual behavior, testosterone levels, and total penile reflex following black pepper extract administration. Black pepper holds potential as a natural therapy for ED through mechanisms involving increased NO activity, modulation of testosterone hormones, and protection of Leydig cells. While results from animal studies are promising, further research on humans is required to confirm its efficacy and safety.
Manifestasi Klinis Infeksi Parasi Usus pada Anak: Literature Review Nirwan, Qurratul Aina; Mutiara, Hanna; Suharmanto, Suharmanto; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1394

Abstract

Intestinal parasitic infection is a disease that still neglated, more likely found in developing countries. This infection is caused by a group of intestinal protozoa and worms, generally intestinal nematodes. In children, the STH group is the most common cause of infection. Infection often occurs via the fecal-oral route. Children more often consume infective stages to other age groups due to their poor hygiene behavior.  Intestinal parasitic infections in children can cause high mortality and mobility. This infection causes a decline in health conditions, nutritional absorption, intelligence and productivity. This can simultaneously cause disruption of growth and development in children. These manifestations are related to the virulence of the parasite strain, the number of infective stages consumed, the age of the patient, and the state of the immune system at the time of infection. Apart from that, the manifestations that arise are widespread, asymptomatic to chronic. The manifestions are related to the digestive tract as the target organ of infections. However, manifestations can also be found outside the digestive tract. This is because organisms move to other organs through blood vessels. Manifestations that arise in the digestive tract are usually nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, and diarrhea which is sometimes accompanied by blood. Not only that, weakness, fatigue, lethargy, and eating disorders are the manifestation of these infections. This is what causes growth and development disorders in children. Meanwhile, the extraintestinal mainifestations are liver abscess due to amoeba infection, Loeffler syndrome due to Ascaris lumbricoides infection and other manifestations. Usually, the intestinal nematoda infections caused have their own characteristics.
Diagnosis dan Penatalaksanaan Trigeminal Neuralgia Zefanya, Ezekial; Berawi, Khairun Nisa; Septiani, Linda; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1411

Abstract

Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is a sudden pain in the facial area, short duration for about one second to two minutes, being-stabbed feels like, and occurs repeatedly in one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. Type 1 (one) as intermittent pain and type 2 (two) as constant pain with different clinical, pathological, and prognostic complaints. The causes of Trigeminal Neuralgia involve peripheral pathology in the roots (compression or traction), brainstem dysfunction, basal ganglia, and cortical pain modulation mechanisms, but the most common is due to neurovascular factors. The diagnosis of Trigeminal Neuralgia is basically clinical, to rule out secondary causes, detect pathological changes in the affected roots and neurovascular compression (NPC), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may be used. The choice of first-line drug therapy is carbamazepine, and for the second line patient may use oxcarbazepine, baclofen, lamotrigine, phenytoin, and topiramate. Microvascular decompression (MVD) is the surgical treatment of choice for TN that is resistant to medical management. Patients with significant medical comorbidities, without neurovascular compression and multiple sclerosis are generally advised to undergo gamma knife radiosurgery, percutaneous balloon compression, glycerol rhizotomy, and radiofrequency thermocoagulation procedures. The most effective medical therapy is with carbamazepine with a reported reduction in facial pain after taking it as much as 47 percent. For patients who do not respond to medical treatment, microvascular decompression surgery is performed with an effectiveness rate in patients as much as 90 percent.
Insomnia pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka Fuad Fadillah; Lisiswanti, Rika; Rudiyanto, Waluyo; Oktafany, Oktafany
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1416

Abstract

A person who struggles to fall asleep and/or stay asleep is said to have insomnia. In Southeast Asia, 67% of 1,508 persons suffer from insomnia worldwide, and 7.3% of those who suffer from it are students. About 67% of Indonesians suffer from insomnia, with mild insomnia accounting for 55.8% and moderate insomnia for 23.3% of cases. Students who suffer from insomnia suffer, particularly those studying medicine. Medical students' usage of devices and the stress that comes with learning are linked to insomnia. By interfering with the body's sleep and wake cycle and blocking the melatonin hormone's function, using electronics at night, particularly shortly before bed, can make it difficult for the body to regulate and manage the ideal time to go to sleep and the time to be awake. Through the HPA-axis mechanism, which is triggered by corticosteroid releasing factor (CRF) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), anxiety can result in sleeplessness. This may lead the body to produce more cortisol, which would raise the wakefulness system and result in insomnia. Those who suffer from insomnia, particularly the medical students in this piece, incur unpleasant consequences. Fatigue, memory loss, and concentration issues are some of the issues that cause insomnia and impact a person's performance during the day. Disrupting concentration makes learning ineffective, which can ultimately impact medical students' performance and the quality of graduates.

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