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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 97726154     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 972 Documents
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One-bottle drainage system in Tuberculosis-Associated Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Case Report : Gede Ardi Saputra; Pratama, Muhammad Reqza; Munthe, Eva Lydia; Swastini, Ni Putu
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1190

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the ten leading causes of death in the world. Indonesia ranks second in the world in terms of TB cases and is the largest contributor to the increase in new cases. This study reports a man suffering from TB with a rare complication, secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. We describe a 27-year-old male smoker who reported sudden shortness of breath two hours ago, accompanied by pain in the left side of the chest when breathing. He is currently undergoing advanced antituberculosis treatment. A physical examination and chest X-ray revealed spontaneous pneumothorax. A GeneXpert sputum test 2 months ago was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We performed chest tube placement. After 19 days, the patient showed clinical improvement and responded well to treatment. In conclusion, secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) in tuberculosis patients is a rare occurrence. The patient received chest tube placement, as well as oxygen therapy, anti-TB drugs, and chest physiotherapy. We treated the individual using a one-bottle system because this type of pneumothorax is simple, practical, and easy for mobile individuals.
Terapi Non-Farmakologi pada Pasien Insomnia: A Literature Review Putri, Meilani; Daulay, Suryani Agustina; Carolia, Novita; Sukohar, Asep
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1262

Abstract

Insomnia is a condition characterized by difficulty initiating sleep despite having adequate time and opportunity. Globally, the majority of insomnia sufferers are women, with approximately 10% of the world’s population estimated to experience severe insomnia. The management of insomnia typically begins with the principles of Consultation, Information, and Education (CIE). In cases of severe insomnia, further intervention often involves pharmacological therapy through medication. The primary class of drugs prescribed for insomnia patients generally belongs to the benzodiazepine group, which acts as a central nervous system depressant, muscle relaxant, and sedative. However, pharmacological treatment should always be complemented with non-pharmacological therapy. Notably, non-pharmacological interventions serve as the first-line treatment for patients with mild to moderate insomnia. This review article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various non-pharmacological therapies for managing insomnia, which is recognized as the most prevalent sleep disorder worldwide. The literature review was conducted by searching databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using the keywords “Insomnia,” “Therapy,” and “Non-Pharmacological.” Based on the search results, seven relevant articles were selected for review. The findings from these studies indicate that effective non-pharmacological interventions for insomnia management include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), hypnotherapy, audiovisual stimulation, aerobic and endurance exercises, acupuncture, and Pre-Sleep Dim Light Therapy (LT).
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK LADA HITAM (Piper nigrum L) TERHADAP LIBIDO (PERILAKU SEKSUAL) MODEL TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) DIABETES MELITUS Isvari, Gusti Ayu Made Prathita; Hadibrata, Exsa; Yunianto, Andi Eka; Susianti
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1284

Abstract

Abstract Diabetes Mellitus causes complications in the form of sexual libido dysfunction. Some of the treatment for libido dysfunction was aphrodisiac (piperin) which consist in black pepper. This study aimed to determine the effect of black pepper (piper nigrum l) extract on male white rat (Rattus norvegicus) libido (sexual behavior) with diabetes mellitus. The study was an experimental laboratory with a post-test only control group design using 30 samples of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) which divided into 5 groups. Each divided into, control group 1 (K1) consist of normal rats; control group 2 (K2), diabetic rats induced by alloxan 150 mg/kg; treatment group 1 (P1), diabetic rats induced by alloxan 150 mg/kg and given black pepper extract 122.5 mg/kg; treatment group 2 (P2), diabetic rats induced by alloxan 150 mg/kg and given black pepper extract 245 mg/kg; treatment group 3 (P3), diabetic rats induced by alloxan 150mg/kg and given sildenafil 1mg/kg. Libido’s measurement was done by observing intromission latency in second, mount latency in second, mount frequency by its quantity. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyzed introducing  latency, whereas mounting latency and mounting frequency was analyzed with One Way ANOVA.  The results showed that introducing latency of group P1 and P2 significantly different compared to group K2 (p=0,003, p=0,003), Mounting latency of group P1 significantly different compared to group K2 (p=0,000) and mounting frequency of group P1 and P2 significantly different compared to group K2 (p=0,000,p=0,006). Black pepper extract enhances male white rat (Rattus norvegicus) libido with diabetes mellitus.
Infeksi Protozoa Usus dan Anemia Sebagai Ancaman Kesehatan Global: Literature Review Rahmah, Nisrina Nur; Mutiara, Hanna; Septiani, Linda; Himayani, Rani
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1291

Abstract

Intestinal protozoan infections are a global health issue that needs to be monitored due to the high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in areas with poor hygiene and sanitation. Intestinal protozoan infections are diseases caused by protozoan parasites, which are single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms generally classified under the Kingdom Protista. The most frequently reported intestinal protozoa species responsible for human infections are Blastocystis hominis, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Giardia lamblia. There are two key factors contributing to the occurrence of intestinal protozoan infections: individual and environmental factors. Intestinal protozoan infections are known to cause various harmful consequences, particularly regarding the nutritional status of the affected individuals. As a result, intestinal protozoan infections are often associated with iron deficiency anemia, which can ultimately disrupt growth and development in children and decrease productivity in adults. This study aims to identify the pathways through which intestinal protozoan infections cause iron deficiency anemia. The study method involved a literature review and problem analysis. The results indicate that there are three main pathways through which intestinal protozoan infections lead to iron deficiency anemia: the metabolism of pathogenic microorganisms within the human body, the activation of the immune response to pathogenic microorganisms, and the reduction in micronutrient levels. To prevent these infections, the public is advised to improve personal hygiene, such as regularly washing hands, and to enhance environmental sanitation by treating water through filtration or disinfection.
Literature Review: Gagal Ginjal Akut Akibat Nefrotoksisitas Gentamisin Akbar, Dafa Rafiqi; Yonata, Ade; Ratna, Maya Ganda; Darwis, Iswandi
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1312

Abstract

Acute kidney failure or Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a sudden decline in kidney function that is often caused by various factors such as sepsis, ischemia, and nephrotoxicity. One of the significant causes of nephrotoxicity is gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic commonly used to treat Gram-negative bacterial infections. Although effective, gentamicin has nephrotoxic side effects, especially at high doses or long-term use, which can cause damage to the renal tubular epithelium and trigger AKI. This literature review aims to describe and study more deeply the relationship between gentamicin consumption and the incidence of acute kidney failure. Gentamicin works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis on the 30S ribosome. Still, its mechanism of action also has the potential to cause nephrotoxicity through drug accumulation in kidney cells, impaired mitochondrial function, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mesangial contractions that reduce the glomerular filtration rate. Signs of gentamicin nephrotoxicity include increased serum creatinine levels, blood urea nitrogen, albuminuria, and decreased glomerular filtration rate, accompanied by structural damage such as tubular necrosis and edema in the proximal tubular epithelium. Previous studies have shown that high doses of gentamicin can increase the number of necrotic cells in the kidney and cause renal fibrosis in test animals. In humans, the incidence of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity has been reported to reach 10-25% of therapeutic use, with an estimated incidence of AKI of around 15% of total AKI cases. The importance of proper monitoring and management for patients using gentamicin to reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity. Prevention strategies include monitoring kidney function, dose adjustment, adequate hydration, and considering various alternative antibiotic therapies for patients at high risk of nephrotoxicity.
Literature Review: Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita Andinatania, Marcella; Utama, Winda Trijayanthi Utama; Daulay, Suryani Agustina Daulay; Sutarto
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1313

Abstract

Diarrhea is a condition characterized by frequent loose or watery stools, typically occurring more than three times per day. Diarrhea can lead to decreased appetite, abdominal pain, fatigue, and weight loss. Inadequate management of diarrhea can result in dehydration, which may eventually lead to death. Diarrhea in toddlers is one of the main causes of morbidity and death in children throughout the world, especially in developing countries4. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), diarrhea causes approximately 525,000 deaths among children under five years old each year, equating to nearly 1,400 deaths per day. The prevalence of diarrhea in Indonesia is 6.4% in infants under one year, 7.4% in children aged 1-4 years, and 4.3% across all age groups. This study aims to provide information on the factors associated with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five, based on a review of the literature. The research method employed is a literature review, using online databases such as Google Scholar to search for scholarly journals and articles. This literature review includes 10 journals published between 2020 and 2024. The results of this study reveal several factors associated with the occurrence of diarrhea in young children, including personal hygiene and handwashing habits, maternal knowledge, information exposure, socioeconomic status, child age, exclusive breastfeeding, immunization, diet, water quality, and environmental sanitation.
RISK FACTORS FOR PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS COINFECTION IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS Ildha Rosendy Kurnianda; Apriliana, Ety; Putri, Giska Tri; Wardani, Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1318

Abstract

Tuberculosis and HIV co-infection is a major public health problem in many parts of the world. In Indonesia, tuberculosis (TB) is an opportunistic infection that most often occurs in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). HIV infection increases susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, thereby increasing the risk of developing TB. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that TB causes 13% of deaths in AIDS sufferers. Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection occurs when a person is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV at the same time. People with HIV have a 30 times greater risk of suffering from TB than people who are not infected with HIV. There is a significant relationship between these two infections, where each infection accelerates the development of the other infection. HIV infection can trigger reactivation of latent TB into active TB, while TB infection can worsen the clinical condition of patients who have been infected with HIV. The aim of this study was to determine various risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients. The method used is qualitative with literature study as a data collection technique. The results obtained were alcohol consumption and extra-pulmonary TB, education level, monthly income, occupation, family history of PTB, lack of appetite, balanced diet, maintaining healthy nutrition, smoking, and stopping taking medication if you felt the condition was under control and the incidence of PTB were factors associated with an increase in pulmonary tuberculosis co-infection..
Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Kelelahan Kerja pada Petugas Pemadam Kebakaran : Tinjauan Pustaka Adhim, Muhammad Risqi; Mayasari, Diana; Setiawan, Gigih
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1319

Abstract

Occupational Safety and Health (K3) is an important aspect in protecting workers from the risk of work accidents, including work fatigue which can have an impact on physical and mental health. Workplace fatigue often occurs due to various factors that can cause physiological and psychological disorders. Firefighters are a profession that has a high risk of work fatigue, considering the high number of fire incidents and the response system which is still not optimal. Heavy workloads and high physical and mental demands further increase the risk of work fatigue in firefighters. This research uses a literature review method by analyzing various academic journals published in the last five years (2019–2024). The research results show that there are two main factors that influence work fatigue, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include age, years of service, smoking status, and sleep patterns. Meanwhile, external factors include workload, work stress, work attitudes and working time. Untreated work fatigue can have a negative impact on the work safety and productivity of firefighters, and even increase the risk of work accidents. Therefore, preventive efforts and a thorough evaluation of work safety limits are needed to minimize the risk of fatigue and create a safer and healthier work environment for firefighters.
Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Aktif dan Penentuan Massa Jenis Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Air (Syzygium aqueum) Naufal, Muhammad Ariq; Susianti; Daulay, Suryani Agustina; Carolia, Novita
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1320

Abstract

Water apple (Syzygium aqueum) is a plant widely utilized by publics for both consumption and medicinal purposes. Traditionally, it is used as an alternative treatment for diarrhea, headaches, and cough. The method to maximize the potential of water apple leaves is by extracting the active compounds in it. These extracts have potential as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-cholesterol, antidiabetics, and antidiarrheal agents. Previous studies have shown that water apple leaves contain various active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and phenolics. This research aimed to analyze the active compounds and determine the density of the water apple leaf extract. The study was conducted as a laboratory-based experimental research at the Botany Laboratory, FMIPA University of Lampung. The method employed was maceration of water apple leaves using 96% ethanol as a solvent, followed by qualitative phytochemical tests and density determination. Qualitative tests conducted included assessments for flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, phenolics, alkaloids, and steroids. The density of the extract was determined by measuring the mass of the extract using an analytical balance and dividing it by its volume. The results showed that maceration using 96% ethanol yielded 110.62 grams of extract with a yield percentage of 11.062%. Phytochemical tests revealed the ethanol extract contained flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids. The density of the ethanol extract was calculated to be 0.9209 g/mL.
Literature Review : Antibacterial Activity of Various Mangrove Plant Species Extracts Balqis, Aurelia Corrinna; Kurniawaty, Evi; Maulana, Muhammad; Ramadhian, Muhammad Ricky
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1322

Abstract

The excessive and uncontrolled use of antibiotics has led to antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria, which poses a serious threat to global health. To address this problem, alternative treatments from natural materials, such as mangrove plants, are starting to attract attention. Mangrove plants contain bioactive compounds that have antibacterial potential against various pathogenic bacteria. This study aims to review the antibacterial activity of various mangrove species in Indonesia. The method used was a literature study that included analysis of recent journals on the antibacterial activity of mangrove plants. The results showed that extracts from various mangrove species, such as Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora mucronata, and Heritiera littoralis, had significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella enterica. The zones of inhibition produced varied between 5 to 20 mm, with the ethanol extract from Bruguiera gymnorrhiza leaves showing the most potent activity. In addition, the assay results showed that the active compounds in the mangrove extracts had the ability to inhibit bacterial growth at low concentrations, indicating great potential for the development of more efficient and economical antibacterial drugs. This study provides evidence that mangrove plant extracts have potential as antibacterial agents that can be further developed for the treatment of infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, thus providing an effective alternative to overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance.

Page 72 of 98 | Total Record : 972

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