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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 97726154     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 972 Documents
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The Effectiveness of Phacoemulsification in Cataract Management: Procedures, Benefits, and Challenges Nurhaliza, Rahma; Himayani, Rani; Febriani, Wiwi; Rudiyanto, Waluyo
Medula Vol 14 No 10 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i10.1278

Abstract

Cataract is a condition in which the eye's lens, initially clear becomes cloudy, obstructing the passage of light to the retina and causing vision impairments such as blurred vision, reduced visual acuity, and faded color perception. According to WHO data (2022), approximately 2.2 billion people worldwide experience visual impairment, with cataracts being the leading cause of reversible blindness. In Indonesia, the prevalence of cataracts is 1.8%, with an annual incidence rate of 0.1%, and 50% of blindness cases are caused by cataracts. Surgery is the only method to treat cataracts, with phacoemulsification being the most commonly used technique. Phacoemulsification is a cataract surgery technique that employs an ultrasonic tip to break down the cloudy lens, followed by aspiration of the lens fragments. This technique has numerous advantages, including smaller incisions, faster wound healing, good visual acuity outcomes post-surgery, and a lower risk of complications than other surgical methods.
Meningitis TB Pada Anak 16 tahun: Laporan Kasus Alghani, Sulthan Rafi; Nareswari, Shinta
Medula Vol 14 No 12 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i12.1279

Abstract

Tuberculous meningitis is a form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that affects the meninges of the brain. The case discussed involves a 16-year-old male adolescent who initially presented with symptoms of headache, fever, neck pain, and neck stiffness, which persisted for several weeks. The delay in diagnosis occurred due to the similarity of the initial symptoms to bacterial meningitis, often leading to postponed TB treatment. The diagnosis was established through anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting tests, including a molecular rapid test (TCM) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and a head CT scan, which confirmed the presence of miliary TB in the lungs and meningitis accompanied by hydrocephalus. The patient also experienced a weight loss of four kilograms over the past two weeks, indicating systemic signs of chronic infection. Although the patient received Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment (ATT) such as rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, his condition deteriorated, and he ultimately passed away on the ninth day of hospitalization. Neurological examination revealed a progressive decline in consciousness to a GCS score of 8 and the presence of pathological reflexes, such as a positive Babinski sign, confirming central nervous system involvement. The mortality rate of TB meningitis remains high due to delayed ATT caused by the lack of early diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of early detection to improve patient prognosis. Preventive efforts through active screening of high-risk groups and education about the early symptoms of TB meningitis are crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality rates.
Pemeriksaan Ultrasonografi Elastografi dalam Diagnosis Penyakit Ginjal Adisti, Fransiska; Ramadhian, Muhammad Ricky; Maulana, Muhammad; Berawi, Khairun Nisa
Medula Vol 14 No 11 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i11.1299

Abstract

Ultrasonography (USG) is a diagnostic tool in medical imaging that operates on the principle of ultrasound waves emitted by a transducer. Recent advancements in USG technology have significantly enhanced its diagnostic capabilities. Renal elastography, a specialized application, enables the assessment of tissue stiffness or elasticity. The technique involves applying pressure to the tissue and measuring the resulting strain, providing valuable insights into the extent of fibrosis in the renal parenchyma. This article presents a comprehensive review of renal elastography ultrasonography and its clinical applications. USG is a non-invasive imaging modality that requires no special preparation, typically performed with the patient in a supine position. The kidneys are evaluated in longitudinal and transverse planes using a transducer positioned at the flank. Various elastography techniques exist, categorized based on the intensity of external pressure applied.
Review Article: Antibacterial Activity of Mangrove Lindur Extract (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) Against Staphylococcus aureus Setyadi, Yudha Putra; Kurniawaty, Evi; Kusumaningtyas, Intan
Medula Vol 14 No 8 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i8.1300

Abstract

Infectious diseases remain prevalent in Indonesia, influenced by environmental factors such as poor sanitation, low public awareness of clean and healthy living behaviors, and a tropical climate. Infectious diseases are health issues caused by microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, that enter the body. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the primary pathogens for humans and can cause various infections. The main treatment for Staphylococcus aureus infections is antibiotics. However, bacterial resistance to methicillin antibiotics (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA) is increasingly common in Indonesia. Therefore, alternative antibiotic treatments based on plant-derived compounds are highly needed. One plant with potential antibacterial activity is Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. Commonly known as bakau lindur, various parts of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, such as its bark, leaves, and roots, have antibacterial properties. This is attributed to the bioactive compounds present in its extracts, including flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, phenols, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins.. This article aims to determine whether Bruguiera gymnorrhiza extract exhibits antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the literature review, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza extract has been proven to possess antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The best antibacterial activity was observed in the 96% ethanol extract of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza bark at a concentration of 15,000 ppm, resulting in a 13.62 mm inhibition zone categorized as strong.
Multigravida dengan Vertigo Adhi putri, Citra; Shariff, Fonda Octarianingsih
Medula Vol 15 No 3 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i3.1301

Abstract

Pregnancy causes significant hormonal changes, particularly increased estrogen and progesterone, which can affect the audiovestibular system. This condition is associated with the onset of vertigo, balance disorders, and even temporary hearing loss. The physiological state of pregnancy in women is quite significant due to the impact of hormones, the cardiovascular system, and psychological changes. The circulatory, respiratory, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, dermatological, and auditory vestibular systems all undergo structural and functional changes as a result of certain hormones such as progesterone, estrogen, placental lactogen, and human chorionic gonadotropin. The audiovestibular system is involved in several symptoms, including hearing loss, tinnitus, facial nerve paralysis, otosclerosis, autophony, and vertigo, which may appear for the first time or worsen during pregnancy. This case reports a 27-year-old woman, G5P1A3, at 17 weeks of gestation, presenting with complaints of spinning dizziness, vomiting, weakness, and epigastric pain. Anamnesis, physical examination, hematological tests, and obstetric ultrasonography were performed. The diagnosis revealed a multigravida with vertigo, with differential diagnoses of vertigo, cephalgia, and hyperemesis gravidarum. The patient received intravenous fluids (Ringer’s Lactate), ondansetron, vitamin B6, dimenhydrinate, and paracetamol. Vertigo in pregnancy is a frequent and disturbing condition, characterized by a spinning sensation, dizziness, and instability or unsteadiness. These symptoms result from hormonal changes during pregnancy that affect the audiovestibular system and may worsen in subsequent trimesters. Vertigo in pregnancy is a multifactorial condition related to both physiological and hormonal changes, with diagnosis established through anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting investigations.
Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Aktif Antibakteri Ekstrak Bawang Putih dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Cutibacterium acnes Penyebab Acne Vulgaris Aprianti, Shervia Dwi; Sibero, Hendra Tarigan; Aditya, Muhammad; Himayani, Rani
Medula Vol 14 No 12 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i12.1302

Abstract

Introduction: The cases of antibiotic resistance in the treatment of acne vulgaris have been steadily increasing. A study conducted by the Dermatology Clinic of Hanyang University Hospital, South Korea, showed an increase in antibiotic resistance cases in the management of acne vulgaris, with resistance rates of 30% for clindamycin and 26.7% for erythromycin. One adjunctive therapy believed to be a breakthrough in anticipating the increase in antibiotic resistance causing acne vulgaris is the use of garlic extract. This study aims to conduct antibacterial phytochemical screening of garlic extract in inhibiting the growth of Cutibacterium acnes. Methods: The antibacterial active compounds in garlic plants were identified through phytochemical screening. Meanwhile, the antibacterial test was conducted using the well diffusion method with garlic extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Clindamycin was used as the positive control. Results: The phytochemical screening results of garlic extract in this study revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, and terpenoids. In the antibacterial test using the well diffusion method, the largest inhibition zone was observed with clindamycin treatment, while the smallest inhibition zone diameter was recorded with 25% garlic extract concentration. Discussion: The active antibacterial compounds found in garlic extract, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, and terpenoids, have been proven to inhibit the growth of Cutibacterium acnes, as indicated by the formation of inhibition zone diameters in the antibacterial test.
HUBUNGAN DIABETES MELITUS GESTASIONAL TERHADAP KEJADIAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH DI RSUD DR H ABDUL MOELOEK TAHUN 2023 Suhaili, Gadis Bunga; Rukmono, Prambudi; Nareswari, Shinta; Sari, Ratna Dewi Puspita
Medula Vol 14 No 11 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i11.1304

Abstract

A low birth weight (LBW) infant is defined as an infant born weighing less than 2500 grams regardless of gestational age. The main factors causing LBW are maternal factors, fetal factors, and placental factors. Risk factors for LBW associated with maternal factors include a history of complications during pregnancy, one of which is gestational diabetes mellitus. This study used a cross-sectional design with Pearson Chi-Square statistical test conducted at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek General Hospital, Lampung Province in October - November 2024. The study sample was infants born at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital in the period January - December 2023. The results of this study indicate that 16% of infants born were extremely low birth weight (ELBW), 20% of infants born were very low birth weight (VLBW), and 64% of infants born were low birth weight (LBW). The results of the chi-square analysis showed that there was a relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (p = 0.042) and low birth weight (LBW).  
Fluktuasi Nilai HbA2 pada Carrier β-Thalasemia: Literature Review Qoriba, Fathan; Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu; Maulana, Muhammad; Lisiswanti, Rika
Medula Vol 14 No 8 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i8.1306

Abstract

Thalassemia is a form of microcytic anemia caused by impaired synthesis of the globin protein in hemoglobin, with β-thalassemia being one of the most common types. β-thalassemia arises from mutations in the β-globin gene located on chromosome 11, resulting in reduced or absent production of the β-globin chain. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2019), the global prevalence of β-thalassemia major is estimated at 39.96 million people (5.2% of the world’s population), with 1.5% identified as carriers. In Indonesia, the 2018 Riskesdas survey reported 7,209 cases of β-thalassemia. The decreased synthesis of the β-globin chain leads to elevated levels of HbA2 and HbF. β-thalassemia is classified into three categories: minor, intermediate, and major. This review focuses on the characteristics of HbA2 and its significance in diagnosing the β-thalassemia carrier. This article is a narrative literature review that examines various studies on HbA2 (HbA2) and its role in the β-thalassemia carrier. The literature reviewed was sourced from several databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Elsevier, using the keywords "Carrier β-thalassemia" and "HbA2." The selected studies span from 2010 to 2024. Hemoglobin A (HbA) is the primary type of hemoglobin found in adults, with HbA2 and HbF serving as minor components. Individuals with β-thalassemia exhibit reduced or absent production of the β-globin chain, leading to an imbalance between α and β chains and an associated increase in HbA2 levels. Elevated HbA2 levels are commonly observed in β-thalassemia carriers, making this measurement important for predicting the risk of β-thalassemia major in their offspring. Studies suggest that HbA2 levels can be influenced by conditions such as megaloblastic anemia and iron deficiency. Additionally, factors like pregnancy and serum ferritin levels have been investigated, with mixed findings on their potential impact on HbA2 levels.  
ACNE VULGARIS BERBASIS PATOGENESIS Centya Cheirini; Hendra Tarigan; Aditya, Muhammad; Kurniawan, Betta
Medula Vol 14 No 10 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i10.1308

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by polymorphic lesions in the form of comedones, papules, pustules, nodules & cysts in predilection locations. Acne vulgaris is the third most frequent case of the 10 most common skin diseases that often come to health services. The incidence of acne vulgaris can occur due to various factors, including increased androgen hormones, increased sebum production and excessive growth of the Cutibacterium acne bacteria. Cutibacterium acnes bacteria play a role in the inflammatory process which increases the worsening of skin conditions with the enzymes and pro-inflammatory factors produced. Young people are the age who suffer from acne vulgaris more often (85%) with a range of 12-25 years. The diagnosis of acne vulgaris is generally easy to make but therapy results are often unsatisfactory. Medications that are often involved in treating acne vulgaris are the use of topical and systemic antibiotics, retinoids, and anti-clindamycin agents. The purpose of this review article is to find out more about acne vulgaris based on pathogenesis. It is hoped that a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris will be able to provide much better therapeutic options, resulting in optimal improvements in acne vulgaris therapy.  
Hubungan Prosedur Invasif dan Lama Rawat Inap Terhadap Kejadian Sepsis Neonatorum Awitan Lambat di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2023 Putri Arafah, Aisyah; Rukmono, Prambudi; Nareswari, Shinta; Saputra, Oktadoni
Medula Vol 14 No 8 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i8.1310

Abstract

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Indonesia is still dominated by neonatal deaths, accounting for 55% of all infant deaths. Neonatal sepsis is the third leading cause of neonatal deaths after low birth weight (LBW) and asphyxia. Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) is a systemic response to infection when the neonate is more than 72 hours old, as evidenced by a positive blood culture. Currently, late-onset neonatal sepsis remains the third leading cause of neonatal deaths. Late-onset neonatal sepsis usually occurs through the transmission of pathogens from the environment (nosocomial). The difficulty of early diagnosis in late-onset neonatal sepsis necessitates a diagnosis based on nosocomial infection factors, such as the use of invasive procedures and prolonged hospital stays. This research employed a descriptive analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of all neonates diagnosed with neonatal sepsis and recorded in medical records with positive blood culture results in the Perinatology ward of RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung in 2023. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test with Fisher's exact test as an alternative. The data suggests a statistically significant correlation between invasive procedures (p= 0.043) and length of hospital stay (p= 0.012) with the development of late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS).

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