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Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 20884559     EISSN : 24770256     DOI : 10.12928
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmaciana is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Pharmaciana published three times a year, namely March, July and November. with ISSN 2088-4559 and e-ISSN 2477-0256. The article published in the Journal Pharmaciana selected by editors and reviewed by the reviewer. Articles published in Pharmaciana must not be published in other journals or have been previously published. Pharmaciana is indexed in google scholar, ACI (Asean Citation Index), Dimension (Crossreff), Garuda, Sinta, Sherpa Romeo, Index Copernicus International, DOAJ, and BASE. Pharmaciana is accredited by DIKTI (DGHE) of Indonesia No. 105/E/KPT/2022 April 07, 2022
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 808 Documents
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The phytochemical and antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Laportea decumana and Laportea aestuans Siahaya, Esty Vicariat; Kristiani, Elizabeth Betty Elok; Kasmiyati, Sri
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i1.30099

Abstract

Plants have been an important medicinal resource for centuries, offering a rich source of bioactive compounds used in traditional and modern medicine. This study aims to analyze the comparison between Laportea decumana and Laportea aestuans, focusing on the two main aspects, phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity. The extraction of the maceration process uses ethanol 96% as the solvent at room temperature for 72 hours. The qualitative phytochemical analysis uses HCl and FeCl3 0.1% reagents to determine flavonoids and phenolic compounds, respectively. The quantitative analysis of total flavonoid content is measured using colorimetric AlCl₃ method, while the determination of phenolic compounds is performed by the Folin-Ciocalteu. The diffusion method is used to determine the antibacterial activity. The 96% ethanol extract of L. decumana leaves has higher flavonoids (69.4 mg GAE/g extract) than phenolics (55.1 mg QE/g extract). However, the L. aestuans has higher phenolic content (55.3 mg QE/g extract) than flavonoids (35.3 mg GAE/g extract). The antibacterial test using agar diffusion method shows that both extracts inhibited the growth of pure strains of E. coli ATCC and S. aureus ATCC, with different potencies. The L. decumana extract showed 1.5 times stronger activity than the L. aestuans extract on the growth inhibitory activity against E. coli bacteria. The results show that the relationship between the antibacterial activity and the phytochemical profile against E. coli is strong but weak against S. aureus.
Na-CMC and glycerine optimization in Binahong leaf extract (Anredera cordifolia) liposome gel and its burn wound healing activity Immanuel, Handika; Branitasandini, Regina Epiphania Adhika; Branitasandini, Adhika; Arpan, Verdynant Augusto; Pebrianty, Sahara; Kerenhapukh, Miracle; Wardhani, Kresentia Ayu Kusuma; Yuliani, Sri Hartati
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i1.30112

Abstract

Burns represent a critical global health issue, contributing to considerable morbidity and mortality rates, particularly within the Southeast Asian region. The administration of appropriate burn therapy is essential to prevent infections and promote effective wound healing. The binahong leaf (Anredera cordifolia) represents a highly promising natural substance for burn therapy, attributed to its ursolic acid content, which is acknowledged for its wound healing properties. However, the limitation caused by its limited solubility and bioavailibility requires the use of nanoparticle technology, such as liposomes, to enhance its efficacy. The aim of this research was to determine an optimal formulation of gel containing liposome-encapsulated binahong leaf extract, with the goal of promoting burn wound healing and examining its in vivo wound healing activity. Histological analysis was employed to provide additional insights into the activity of the gel. The formulation was assessed through a factorial design, exploring various amounts of Na-CMC utilized as a gelling agent alongside glycerine employed as a humectant. The results were subsequently analyzed utilizing Design Expert v13 software. The gel’s viscosity, spreadability, and uniformity were assessed. Na-CMC increased viscosity while reducing spreadability, whereas glycerine had the opposite effect. The optimal formulation contained 2.78–4 g Na-CMC and 5–10 g glycerine. Statistical validation confirmed the model's accuracy. In vivo studies demonstrated that liposomal binahong gel significantly accelerated burn wound healing compared to controls. The results suggest that 10% binahong liposomal gel is a promising alternative for burn treatment.
Antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Tulak wood leaf extract (schefflera elliptica harms) Aryasa, I Wayan Tanjung; Artini, Ni Putu Rahayu
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i1.30244

Abstract

Nanoparticles have been used in therapies applied to target specific parts. By delivering electrons to free radicals, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can reduce their activity and stop a chain reaction that would otherwise result in the creation of more free radicals. But the most common way to create silver nanoparticles is to use a variety of organic and inorganic reducing agents to chemically reduce silver precursors, usually silver salts. Various stabilizing or capping agents are frequently used to this process. Green synthesis and other ecologically friendly synthesis techniques are becoming more popular for producing metal nanoparticles that adhere to biodiversity principles. Accordingly, this study has determined that the tulak tree is a plant that effectively reduces green space. This study uses different concentrations of AgNO3 solution at 1 mM and 2 mM. A Particle Size Analyzer's (PSA), The distribution of sizes of the artificially produced AgNPs was examined. The particles measuring between 1 and 100 nm made from the Tulak wood leaf extract with the corresponding AgNO3 concentrations had average diameters of 88.2 nm and 16.9 nm. AgNPs were also shown to exist in a range of shapes, encompassing sphere, hexagonal, and triangular ones, according to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) examination. Antioxidant qualities are displayed by AgNPs made with Tulak wood leaf extract. These antioxidant properties were assessed utilizing DPPH, which has 517 nm is the greatest absorption. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity's outcomes tests show that the AgNPs made using Tulak wood leaf extract biosynthesis have comparatively low antioxidant activity.
Comparative trends and effectiveness of amlodipine and nifedipine as oral antihypertensives in preeclampsia management Awaludin, Adila; Rahmawati, Ayu; Annisa, Annisa; Septiani Agustien, Gina
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i1.30269

Abstract

The use of amlodipine in preeclampsia remains limited as it is not a treatment option officially. Whereas amlodipine's long half-life allows less frequent dosing in preeclampsia patients, potentially improving preeclampsia treatment more efficiently compared to nifedipine (standard medicine). Ensuring the effectiveness of amlodipine for preeclampsia is essential for optimizing delivery outcomes, in addition to efficiency aspects. However, the effectiveness study of amlodipine in preeclampsia patients is still not definitively known. This study aims to determine the prescription trends and effectiveness of amlodipine as an antihypertensive in preeclampsia. The study used a cross-sectional approach conducted at a one of the secondary healthcare facilities in Tasikmalaya, utilizing medical records from January 2019 to December 2023. The data were analyzed using Chi-Square test to determine the trends using and effectiveness of amlodipine compared to nifedipine in controlling blood pressure in preeclampsia. The study shows that the trends using of amlodipine in preeclampsia is decreasing over the past 5 years (2019 to 2023). This phenomenon may be influenced by limited evidence, established clinical practice guidelines, and priority of drug use. There was no significant difference in effectiveness of amlodipine compared to nifedipine in single therapy (p= 0.698) or dual therapy (p=0.1). Furthermore, the study found that amlodipine and nifedipine exhibited comparable effectiveness in controlling blood pressure in preeclampsia. Therefore, amlodipine may be considered as an alternative antihypertensive option for controlling blood pressure in preeclampsia.
Ethanol solvent and pH effect on antioxidant activity of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Nurzaman, Mochamad Herdi; Adlina, Salsabila; Herdianti, Nita; Amin, Saeful
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i1.30406

Abstract

Air pollution induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause tissue damage when excessive. Antioxidants help counteract this damage, and purple sweet potatoes, rich in anthocyanins, are a promising natural antioxidant source. This study aimed to determine the effect of solvent acidity variations on the antioxidant activity of purple sweet potato (PSP) tuber extract and identify the optimal pH condition. Using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay, ethanol solvents at different pH levels (non-acidified ethanol, pH 2.5, pH 2, and pH 1.5) were tested. The results showed that higher acidity enhanced antioxidant activity, with the strongest activity observed at pH 1.5, yielding an IC50 value of 9.74±0.23 ppm. Although less potent than Vitamin C (IC50 1.22±0.04 ppm), the extract demonstrated significant potential as a natural antioxidant source. Further studies on anthocyanin content are recommended to better understand its contribution to antioxidant activity.
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the extract of Polypodium feei mett roots Suwandi, Deden Winda; Renggana, Hesti; Subarnas, Anas; Rostinawati, Tina; Muchtaridi, Muchtaridi; Sadino, Asman
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i2.25133

Abstract

The limited scientific evidence on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Polypodium feei roots, despite their traditional use in rheumatism treatment, highlights the need for pharmacological validation. The study investigates the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Polypodium feei roots, a traditional medicine used to treat rheumatism, in mice and rats with carrageenan-induced paw edema, using acetylsalicylic acid and tramadol as analgesics and diclofenac sodium as an anti-inflammatory. The writhing test results demonstrate that the extract of P. feei roots (EPFR) at dosages of 50 and 100 mg/kgBW lowered the writhing responses of rat significantly (p <0.01). The dose of 100 mg/kgBW provided more protection than acetylsalicylic acid at a level of 65 mg/kgBW. In the hot plate method, the extract increased the latency period significantly (p <0.05) as compared with the control. In the anti-inflammatory examination, the EPFR decreased edema of rat paws induced by carrageenan. The significant effect of the EPFR was shown by the dose of 100 mg/kgBW (p <0.05), but its inhibition was lower than that of a standard agent, diclofenac sodium. This study concluded that the EPFR may have peripherally and centrally analgesic activity and anti-inflammatory activity. This evidence supports the folklore claim of the efficacy of EPFR as traditional medicine for rheumatism.
Characterization and dissolution test of recrystallized mefenamic acid by fast cooling methods Rasydy, La Ode Akbar; Damayanti, Hilda; Satrio, Erza; Supriyanta, Jaka
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i2.26467

Abstract

Mefenamic acid, classified as a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drug, exhibits high permeability but low dissolution rates, limiting its bioavailability. This study aims to enhance the dissolution rate of mefenamic acid through crystal structure modification using fast cooling recrystallization with three distinct solvents: acetone (AMA), ether (AMEt), and ethyl acetate (AME). The recrystallized crystals were characterized using advanced techniques, including polarized microscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), alongside solubility and dissolution testing. Recrystallization yielded crystals with varied morphologies and sizes, achieving high crystal yields of 92.66% (AMA), 85.54% (AMEt), and 94.59% (AME). FTIR analysis revealed that AME crystals exhibited stronger OH bonding, indicated by the highest peak intensity. XRD diffractograms demonstrated distinct peak patterns at specific 2θ positions for AME crystals, suggesting internal structural changes (polymorphism) while maintaining identical chemical composition. DSC thermograms further confirmed variations in melting points between recrystallized crystals and pure mefenamic acid. Dissolution tests revealed that recrystallized mefenamic acid exhibited significantly improved solubility and dissolution rates compared to its pure form. These findings highlight that rapid cooling recrystallization can produce mefenamic acid polymorphs with optimized dissolution properties, potentially enhancing its pharmacological performance and also provides a promising approach to improving the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs, offering significant implications for pharmaceutical formulation development.
Analysis of antioxidant and standardization of ethanol extract of rumput mutiara (Oldelandia corymbosa L.) Herawati, Irma Erika; Saepudin, Syumillah
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i2.27939

Abstract

The majority of traditional medicinal plants in Indonesia lack scientific validation. Scientific assessment, in conjunction with traditional knowledge, is crucial for acquiring effective pharmaceuticals for commercial use. Rumput mutiara (Oldelandia corymbosa L) is a member of the Rubiaceae family and has been utilized as a traditional medicinal plant for the treatment of various ailments. The objective of this research was to assess the quality of both specific and non-specific parameters and to investigate the antioxidant potential of rumput mutiara. Antioxidant activity was evaluated with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy (DPPH). The findings for non-specific parameters indicated that the shrinkage drying of the extract and the water content were 18.00 ± 0.000% and 12.20 ± 0.000%, respectively. Simultaneously, particular parameters indicate that the extracts possess a distinct odor, exhibit a blackish-brown hue, and display a viscous consistency. Microscopic parameters of rumput mutiara simplicia showed fragments such as anthers, leaf mesophyll, epidermis and stomata, transport bundles, stem parenchym, and sclerenchyma. Spesific parameters, such as the water-soluble content, and ethanol-soluble compounds were 72.00 ± 0.000 % and 35.00± 0.000 % , respectively. In addition, TLC profiles showed that secondary metabolites of extract  were 6 alkaloids, 5 phenolics, 5 flavonoids, 5 tanins, 3 saponins, 5 steroid, and 5 glycosides. The extract has strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 14.11 ±0.008 µg/mL.
Effect of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) method extraction time on the cytotoxic activity of young bay leaf extract (Eugenia polyantha Wight) on T47D breast cancer cells and determination of flavonoid levels Sufa , Riisyda Faila; Hidayati, Devi Nisa
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i2.29279

Abstract

The most common type of cancer in Indonesia is breast cancer. Anticancer medications made of natural ingredients are beginning to be produced. Methanol extract of young bay leaves (Eugenia polyantha) has anticancer activity at moderate levels. The compounds that function as anticancer are flavonoids. The duration and extraction technique can have an impact on how active chemicals are extracted from natural materials. Through variations in the duration of the extraction process for young bay leaves, this study seeks to ascertain the amounts of flavonoids and the cytotoxic activity of T47D breast cancer.Young bay leaf ethanol extract (EEDSM) was obtained using the Ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) method with 70% ethanol solvent and varying extraction times of 5, 15, and 25 minutes. EEDSM total flavonoid content was tested using the UV-visible spectrophotometric method with quercetin as a comparison. The cytotoxic test of the ethanol extract of young bay leaves was carried out using the MTT assay method. Determining the IC50 value uses linear regression and probit analysis. It will also use One Way ANOVA to quantitatively determine the significance of the difference between the effect of extraction time and the IC50 value on T47D breast cancer cells. The results showed that EEDSM with extraction times of 5, 15, and 25 minutes had total flavonoid levels of 2.13mgQE/g, 2.36mgQE/g, and 2.61mgQE/g and cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 843μg/mL; 1007μg/mL; and 735μg/mL. EEDSM 5 and 25 minutes were shown to have moderate levels of cytotoxic activity.
Prebiotic effect of purple sweet potato resistant starch and the development of its mucoadhesive granule formulation Yuniarni, Umi; Aryani, Ratih; Rusdi, Bertha; Nabilla, Qori
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i2.29581

Abstract

Purple sweet potatoes are recognized for their prebiotic properties including againts Lactobacillus casei and L. bulgaricus bacteria. This prebiotic effect is due to the high starch content in purple sweet potatoes. The amylose content in starch which is difficult to digest in gastointestinal tract, functions as a prebiotic. To enhance the prebiotic effect of purple sweet potato starch, modification into resistant starch can be performed. Resistant starch exhibits a higher prebiotic effect compared to regular starch because it cannot be broken down by digestive enzymes, allowing it to reach the large intestine in significant amounts. Additionally, the prebiotic effect can be further enhanced by creating mucoadhesive granule formulations that increase the contact time of a substance on the mucosa of the digestive tract. This study aims to evaluate the prebiotic effect of resistant starch from purple sweet potatoes and to develop its mucoadhesive granule formulation. The resistant starch from purple sweet potatoes was prepared using the heat moisture treatment method. The prebiotic activity of resistant starch was tested against Lactobacillus acidophilus and Escherichia coli. The granule formulation was prepared by varying the concentration of polymers used, namely a combination of HPMC and carbopol as mucoadhesive polymers. The results showed that resistant starch from purple sweet potatoes had a prebiotic index of 0.930. The granule formulation F3 with an HPMC and Carbopol polymer ratio of 1:2 was identified as a good mucoadhesive granule formulation. It met pharmaceutical evaluation with a mucoadhesive percentage value of 40%.

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