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Current Biochemistry
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23557877     EISSN : 23557931     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education
Current Biochemistry (CB) publishes the results of original research that contribute significantly to the understanding of the chemical compound and reaction that occur within living organism. Preference will be accorded to manuscripts that develop new concepts or experimantal approaches, particularly in the advancing areas of biochemistry science. Manuscripts that are primarily theoretical in nature or in the field of bioinformatics must be directed toward explaining important results previously not understood, making important predictions that can be experimentally tested, or developing segnificant advances in theory of general interest to biochemists. Submission of manuscripts in emerging areas in biochemistry, chemical biology, biophysics, proteomics, model studies and structures, cellular and molecular biology, computational biochemistry, biotechnology, and new methods development is encouraged especially if they address basic biochemical mechanisms.
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Articles 115 Documents
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Effectiveness of Bay Leaf Decoction (Syzygium polyanthum) on Reducing Blood Glucose Levels in Paok Motong, Masbagik, East Lombok Kurniawan, Nadi; Rozikin; I Putu Bayu Agus Saputra; Sabariah; I Nyoman Bagus Aji Kresnapati
Current Biochemistry Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.10.2.2

Abstract

One disease that correlates with blood glucose levels is diabetes mellitus (DM). According to Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS), in Indonesia by 2030 there will be an increase of up to 21.3 million people suffering from diabetes mellitus. However, nowadays most people are afraid of the side effects of using the drugs they consume and are turning to herbal therapy to lower blood glucose levels. Bay leaves have the benefit of treating diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diarrhea and gastritis. Phytochemical analysis shows that bay leaves contain essential oils, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of bay leaf boiled water on reducing blood glucose levels. The research was an experimental One Group Pretest Post-test Design, namely the research subjects had their blood glucose levels measured before (pre-test) and after being given bay leaf boiled water (post-test). 41 respondents in Paok Motong Barat village, Masbagik District, East Lombok Regency had their Blood Glucose Levels (GDS) measured before (pre-test) and after (post-test) giving 300 mL of bay leaf boiled water. Paired Test Statistical Analysis was used to determine the difference in pretest and posttest blood glucose levels given bay leaf boiled water. The results of the study showed that there was a significant decrease in blood glucose levels (p= 0.001) by 15.22 mg/dL to 179.27 mg/dL before administering bay leaf decoction amounting to 194.49 mg/dL. The conclusion is that there is a significant effect (p=0.001) of giving boiled bay leaves on reducing blood glucose levels. The suggestion for this research is to increase the number of respondents in the research as well as examination variables such as fasting blood glucose
In Vitro Analysis of Gradual Water Extract of Red Betel Leaf (Piper crocatum) as Free Radical Scavenging and Inhibitor of α-Glucosidase Safithri, Mega; Fibri Yuniasih, Tiara; Syaefudin
Current Biochemistry Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.10.1.5

Abstract

Red betel (Piper crocatum) has antihyperglycemic activity for diabetic treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of DPPH free radical scavenging, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and total phenolics of the aqueous extract of P. crocatum (1st extract, 1st extract residue, and 2nd extract residue). The infundation method was used with spectrophotometric test techniques. The red betel leaves extract in all extracts and extract residues had a small of α-glucosidase inhibition activity ranging from 0.76% - 1.43%. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of DPPH and total phenolic levels showed significantly different results (p<0.05) in the 1st extract, 1st extract residue, and 2nd extract residue. The highest antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content were found in the first extract, it were 59.64 ± 0.18 mg AAE/g extract and 55.50 ± 0.14 mg GAE/g, respectively. Gradual extraction reduced DPPH free radical scavenging activity, α-glucosidase inhibition activity and phenolic total content.
Phytochemical and Organoleptic Tests of Combined Extracts of Turmeric, Black Tea, and Ginger Rosyidah, Rara Annisaur; Andrianto, Dimas
Current Biochemistry Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.11.1.4

Abstract

Phytochemical screening to conduct a preliminary evaluation of the chemical content of black tea (Camellia sinensis), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), and Ginger (Zingiber officinale). In addition, the content of secondary metabolites in black tea, turmeric and ginger can be used as an indication of the quality of these plants. the need for a combination of black tea extract act, turmeric, and ginger from various people so that it can be liked by the public. This study aims to test the phytochemical extracts of black tea, turmeric, and ginger as well as organoleptic tests on the most optimum combination of -glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity. Phytochemical screening showed that black tea and ginger extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, quinones, glycosides, and phenolics, while turmeric extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, quinones, glycosides, and phenolics. The organoleptic test of the F7 combination consisting of a combination of black tea extract, turmeric, and ginger showed the highest level of preference by P3 and P2 on color, aroma, consistency, and aftertaste, while taste was at P3.
INHIBISI ENZIM α-GLUKOSIDASE OLEH SENYAWA FLAVONOID DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) IN SILICO DAN IN VITRO Puspita, Puspa Julistia; Alimah, Shobiroh Nuur; Ambarsari, Laksmi; Wahyuni, Riksa Nur
Current Biochemistry Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.10.2.3

Abstract

Moringa leaves flavonoid have potential to inhibit α-glucosidase but they have low bioavailability, so they are made in nanoparticles. It is also not known which specific flavonoid compounds from Moringa leaves have the potential to inhibit α-glucosidase. This research aimed to determine the inhibition potential of α-glucosidase by the moringa leaves flavonoid in silico through molecular docking and determine the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase by moringa leaves flavonoid in extracts and nanoparticles in vitro. Moringa leaves flavonoid have potential to be a competitive inhibiton of α-glucosidase with the highest to lowest inhibitory potential are cryptochlorogenic acid, quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-a-ramnoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, epicathechins, catechins, quercetin, kaempferol, glucomoringin isothiocyanate. Cryptochlorogenic acid has the best potential with ΔG and Ki values -8.5 kcal/mol and 0.5788 μM. Inhibition α-glucosidase moringa leaves flavonoid in extract and nanoparticles respectively are classified as inactive (IC 50 = 5.84x10 3 ppm) and active (IC 50 = 1.59x10 1 ppm) in vitro, so nanoparticles can increase the inhibitory activity.
Optimization of PCR Conditions for Adding XhoI Restriction Sites to the Glucose Oxidase Gene of Aspergillus niger IPBCC 08.610 Aryani, Hanifah; Akbar, Nadhira Fathiaz; Kurniatin, Popi Asri; Fuad, Asrul Muhamad; Ambarsari, Laksmi
Current Biochemistry Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.11.1.2

Abstract

Glucose oxidase (GOX) is naturally produced by fungi Aspergillus niger. The GOX enzyme catalyzes the oxidation reaction of β-D-glucose to produce δ-gluconolactone and hydrogen peroxide a (H2O2). Hydrolysis of δ-gluconolactone will produce gluconic acid. Gluconic acid and its derivatives have benefits in the pharmaceutical field as a drug for mineral deficiencies. A. niger IPBCC 08.610 is a local isolate that produce intracellular GOX with higher yield than extracellularly. GOX can be expressed extracellularly by cloning into the expression vector pPICZαB which has the signal peptide α-mating factor (α-MF). GOX gene construction needs to be done by adding some features such as XhoI restriction sites at the 5' and 3' ends, XbaI restriction site at 3’ side, and spacer peptide glu-ala-glu-ala at 5’ side. This research aims to optimize Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) conditions in two stages of amplification, stage I to copy the GOX gene and stage II to add those features so it is hoped that recombinant GOX can increase gluconic acid production. The results of primer concentration optimization showed that primers with a concentration of 10 µM produced clearer PCR amplicons than those with a concentration of 20 µM. The optimal temperature for amplification stage I is 58°C. The amplification stage II annealing temperature was modified with the first ten cycles based on the lowest Tm of primer value, 52°C, and the subsequent 25 cycles based on the highest Tm of primer value, 61°C.
Combination of Pulai Leaf (Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.) and Papaya Leaf (Carica papaya L.) Water Extract as HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor Sulistiyani; Andrianto, Dimas; Mariati, Sri
Current Biochemistry Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.11.1.3

Abstract

Heart disease has become the leading cause of death in the world in the last 15 years. This disease has several primary risk factors, one of which is hypercholesterolemia. Cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver is influenced by the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme, HMG-CoA reductase. Traditional herbal medicine provides alternative treatment for hypercholesterolemia. Both pulai and papaya leaves were reported as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. There has been very limited study however, on the efficacy of a mixture of aqueous extracts of the two in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase. This study aims to determine the activity of a mixture of water extracts of both pulai and papaya leaves. The activity of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase was measured by Abcam® kit No. Ab204701 by spectrophotometric method at 334 nm. The results showed that the three extracts of the combination of pulai and papaya leaves had four times better inhibitory action than the single extract (p0.05). The results of the phytochemical literature study showed that the aqueous extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins
Kandungan Nutrisi dan Daya Inhibisi α-glukosidase Ekstrak Daging Buah Salak Sidempuan (Salacca sumatrana) Safithri, Mega; Ritonga, Aprilita Putri Defan; Indariani, Susi; Dwicesaria, Maheswari Alfira; Sulistiyani; Hasim
Current Biochemistry Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.11.1.1

Abstract

Penelitian terhadap pemanfaatan salak khususnya salak Sidempuan sebagai inhibitor α-glukosidase belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kadar proksimat (air, abu, protein kasar, lemak kasar, serat kasar, dan karbohidrat), menganalisis komponen fitokimia, kandungan total fenolik dan aktivitas penghambatan α-glukosidase pada ekstrak air dan etanol daging buah salak Sidempuan. Kadar total fenol diukur menggunakan metode Folin Ciocalteu. Aktivitas penghambatan α-glukosidase diukur menggunakan substrat pNPG. Kadar karbohidrat, air, abu, lemak kasar, protein kasar, dan serat kasar berturut-turut sebesar 86.35%, 6.57%, 3.60%, 1.44%, 1.24%, dan 0.82%. Kedua ekstrak mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan saponin. Ekstrak etanol 70% daging buah salak Sidempuan memiliki kandungan total fenol sebesar 10.6 mg GAE/g ekstrak, lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak air sebesar 5.55 mg GAE/g esktrak. Ekstrak etanol daging buah salak Sidempuan memiliki konsentrasi inhibisi (IC50) sebesar 13.69 mg/L. Konsentrasi ini lebih kecil dibandingkan ekstrak air yaitu 4160.56 mg/L, namun masih lebih besar dibandingkan akarbosa yaitu 1.15x10-3 mg/L sebagai kontrol positif.
Minyak atsiri Kapulaga (Elettaria cardamomum) sebagai inhibitor Sap 5 Candida albicans penyebab kandidiasis vulvovaginalis (KVV) secara in silico Gusnia Meilin Gholam; Kurniasih, Rini; I Made Artika
Current Biochemistry Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.11.1.5

Abstract

ABSTRACT Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a disease caused by the inflammatory process of the vulva and vaginal mucosa caused by Candida sp., mainly Candida albicans. This study aimed to analyze the molecular interaction between the volatile oil in cardamom and Sap 5 as an inhibitor of Candida albicans causing VVC through In silico molecular interaction analysis. The methods used are analysis of homology, structural quality, and essential areas, receptor and ligand preparation, gridbox validation, virtual screening, Lipinski prediction and toxicity, and ligand-receptor interaction visualization analysis. The results showed that essential oils have the potential to inhibit Sap 5 through molecular bonding and produce interactions in the form of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. The best test ligands were Geranyl acetate (-6.78 kcal/mol), Alpha-terpinyl acetate (-6.07 kcal/mol), 1,8-Sineol (-5.47 kcal/mol), and Linalool (-5.06 kcal/mol). The test ligands have contact with catalytic residues on Asp32/Asp218. In addition, the properties of these ligands also meet the Lipinski and Toxicity rules, so they can be predicted to be safe. Keywords: Candida albicans, Cardamom, Essential oil, In silico, Sap 5 ABSTRAK Kandidiasis vulvovaginalis (KVV) merupakan penyakit akibat dari proses inflamasi vulva dan mukosa vagina yang disebabkan oleh Candida sp. utamanya Candida albicans. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi molekuler antara minyak atsiri yang terkandung pada kapulaga dengan Sap 5 sebagai inhibitor Candida albicans penyebab KVV melalui analisis interaksi molekuler secara In silico. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis homologi, kualitas struktur, dan daerah penting, preparasi reseptor dan ligan, validasi gridbox, penapisan virtual, prediksi Lipinski dan toksisitas, dan analisis visualisasi interaksi ligan-reseptor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri mempunyai potensi menghambat Sap 5 melalui penambatan molekuler dan menghasilkan interaksi berupa ikatan hidrogen, ikatan elektrostatik, dan interaksi hidrofobik. Golongan ligan uji yang terbaik yaitu Geranil asetat (-6.78 kkal/mol), Alfa-terpinil asetat (-6.07 kkal/mol), 1,8-Sineol (-5.47 kkal/mol), dan Linalool (-5.06 kkal/mol). Ligan uji tersebut mempunyai kontak residu katalitik pada Asp32/Asp218. Selain itu, sifat ligan tersebut juga memenuhi aturan Lipinski dan Toksisitas, sehingga dapat diprediksi aman. Kata kunci: Candida albicans, Kapulaga, Minyak atsiri, In silico, Sap 5
IN SILICO STUDY OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN Halosi (Bidens pilosa) AS ANDROGEN INHIBITORS IN PROSTATE CANCER Harahap, Armansyah Maulana; Priawan, Indra; Siregar, Sarah Rahmayani
Current Biochemistry Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.12.1.1

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a disease that affects men's prostate gland cells and can spread to other parts of the body, mostly bones and lymph nodes. It is the third most common type of cancer in men in Indonesia and the second most common type of cancer in men worldwide. Ini adalah studi in silico tentang aktivitas chemical compounds in the leaves of the halosi plant (Bidens pilosa) to inhibit the Androgen receptor (1E3G) in the treatment of prostate cancer. Androgen receptor (AR) is a receptor protein that plays an important role in the development of prostate cancer cells. Molecular docking method using Chemdraw 3D, AutoDockTools 1.5.6., BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2021, and Ligandscout were used to conduct tests. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bahan Bidens pilosa memiliki rendahnya ∆G free bond energy sebesar -10.26 KKal/mol and interaction with with several amino acid residues similar to Oxymetholone, a natural ligand. Therefore, it can be concluded that andrographolid compounds from halosi plant are the most able to inhibit Andorgen receptors
INOVASI PRODUKSI BIOETANOL BERBASIS LIGNOSELULOSA LIMBAH KULIT KOPI (COFFEA SP.) DENGAN KONSEP BIOREFINERY MENGGUNAKAN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE Azmi, Haikal; Octaviani, Nazla Fauziyah; Musa'adah, Musa'adah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/cb.12.1.2

Abstract

Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee exporter in the world, with a market share of around 11%. In 2021, Indonesia's coffee production reached 765,415 tons, generating 382,000 tons of coffee husk waste. However, only about 2% of this amount is utilized, coffee skins contain 20-50% cellulose which hasthepotential to used as a substrate for bioethanol production, a renewable energy source. This study aims to explore innovations in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic coffee pulp waste, particularly through a biorefinery method using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as fermentation agent. The research employs an exploratory descriptive approach, by reviewing relevant scientific articles. The process of converting lignocellulosic substrates into ethanol consists of four main stages in bioethanol production, namely: (1) pretreatment, which can be done physically, chemically, or biologically; (2) hydrolysis of polymers such as cellulose and hemicellulose into simple sugars such as hexose and silose; (3) fermentation of sugars by microorganisms to produce ethanol; and (4) separation and purification of the produced ethanol. The utilization of the biorefinery concept in bioethanol production not only facilitates the conversion of biomass into bioethanol, but also enables the production of other high-value products, such as biohydrogen (environmentally friendly fuel), furfural (resin and composite industry), HMF (bioplastic precursor and furan fuel), xylitol (sweetener in food and pharmaceutical industries), vinasse (organic fertilizer and biomass fuel), organic acids (chemical and pharmaceutical industries), and microbial biomass (high-protein animal feed). Keywords: bioethanol, biorefinery, coffee skin, lignocellulosic waste, saccharomyces cerevisiae

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