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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 20851103     EISSN : 23560991     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination. The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 382 Documents
The Longevity of Aedes aegypti Larvae in Several Water Sources in Surabaya Antonio Ayrton Widiastara; Gabriel Pedro Mudjianto; Etik Ainun Rohmah; Hengki Anggara Putra; Martha Indah Widia Ningtyas; Sri Wijayanti Sulistyawati; Suhintam Pusarawati; Fitriah; Kasiyama Desi Indriyani; Alpha Fardah Athiyyah; Basuki, Sukmawati
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.32209

Abstract

Aedes aegypti transmits the dengue virus that causes Dengue Viring the high number of DVI cases is the existing breeding places of Ae. aegypti. The water sources used by the community and the surrounding environment are essential media for living Ae. aegypti larvae. This recent study aimed to detect the longevity of Ae. aegypti larvae in diff erent water sources in Surabaya and the killing effect of temephos. An analytical observational and experimental study was conducted in August-September 2021. Twenty-instar III Ae. aegypti larvae were put in each 100 ml beaker glass containing diff erent water sources, such as rain, well, mineral, new and used bath water, and antiseptic soapy water. Fungi in water sources were examined. Two groups were set with and without temephos, the final temephos concentration was of 0.00001 ppm. Live Ae. aegypti larvae, pupae, mosquitoes were observed every 24 hours for seven days without feeding. Living larvae were still found on Day 7 in all water sources with and without temephos. There were more larvae live in soapy water without temephos, particularly on Day 2 to Day 6, compared to other water sources either without or with temephos. In contrast, many larvae died in mineral water with temephos. Some larvae turned into pupae, started on Day 1. Pupae and mosquitoes were mostly found in rain water with temephos. Ae. aegypti larvae survived better in soapy water either with or without temephos. Temephos seemed to be effective to kill Ae. aegypti larvae in mineral water, and might induce larvae in turning to pupae and mosquitoes quickly at low concentration.
Human Norovirus Molecular Analysis and Development of Norovirus Vaccine Adinda Juwita Syakila Elizafanti; Maria Inge Lusida; Muhammad Miftahussurur; Alpha Fardah Athiyyah
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.32699

Abstract

The most common organism of acute viral gastroenteritis is norovirus, which accounts for roughly 20% of all occurrences of acute gastroenteritis globally. The virus kills over 200,000 children each year and is the leading cause of childhood diarrhea in the rotavirus-vaccinated population. This study aims to review available studies regarding the information on the genogroup norovirus in humans, development of norovirus vaccines, and effectiveness of norovirus vaccines. A systematic review using Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus databases to identify eligible case studies. The search was conducted in September-October 2021. The quality of the included literature used checklists from the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). All of the six selected studies with populations given RT-PCR intervention showed positive for norovirus infection. The most predominant genogroups in humans are GI and GII. As for the research results of the two selected studies on norovirus vaccine, namely the human phase 2 trial containing two Virus-Like Particles (VLP) genotypes, one study showed efficacy at 18-49 one study at ≥ 60 years of age. This study analysis uses Takeda bivalent vaccine. The vaccine includes norovirus antigens of the GI and GII genogroups, intending to expand its protective immune potential. GI, GII, and GIV genogroups are prevalent in humans. VLP that contains GI.I and consensus GII.4c have been created as the NoV vaccine, providing signifi cant efficacy. Very likely because they contain GI dan GII antigens, which are the genogroups that infect humans the most. Patients given a placebo developed acute gastroenteritis due to norovirus GII.2, indicating a genotype cross-reactivity.
Characteristics of Chronic Sinusitis Based on Non-Contrast CT Scan at the ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Polyclinic of Regional General Hospital Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh Putra, Teuku Romi Imansyah; Teuku Husni T.R; Hesti Anandini Sariningrum; Dhiatama Endalif
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.33535

Abstract

Chronic sinusitis is a long-term infl ammation that occurs in the nasal and paranasal mucosa for 12 weeks. Non-contrast CT scan is gold standard in diagnosing chronic sinusitis. This study aims to determine the characteristics of chronic sinusitis based on non-contrast CT scan at the ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Polyclinic of RSUDZA Banda Aceh in 2019. This research was a descriptive study with retrospective data, medical record. The sample of this study was taken by consecutive sampling method in October 2020 and obtained 111 samples. The results showed that most patients with chronic sinusitis were 30-39 years), as many as 42 people (37.8%). Most of the sexes suff ering from chronic sinusitis were women, as many as 59 people (53.2%). Based on the non-contrast CT scan, the location of the sinuses most aff ected was the maxillary sinuses, as many as 110 people (99.1%). The number of sinuses that were most aff ected was single sinusitis, which was 58 people (52.3%). Most patients with chronic sinusitis without polyps were found, as many as 89 people (80.2%). The most common anatomical variation found was septal deviation as many as 25 people (22.5%). The conclusions in this study indicate that women, late adulthood, maxillary sinus, single sinusitis, chronic sinusitis without nasal polyps, and septal deviation are characteristics of chronic sinusitis patients based on non-contrast CT scan.
Clinical Identifiers, Comorbidities, and Outcomes among COVID-19 Confirmed Patients in Banda Aceh, Indonesia Yanti, Budi; Zulfikar , T.; Afrina, Devi; Agustika, Rudi
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i2.32631

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease with an increasing number of infections in Indonesia. However, hypertension and diabetes are chronic diseases with high incidence in Aceh, there is still limited information regarding the demographics and clinical data of COVID-19 patients. This study aims to explain the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients. A retrospective method was used to locate data from the medical record of COVID-19 patients that were admitted to the hospital between June-October 2020. The characteristics demographics, clinical data on admission, and outcomes were extracted from the medical record. In order to determine the comorbid relationship, the chi-square test was used for the laboratory tests and clinical outcomes. A total of 120 patients were included, and more than half were male 80 (60%) with 41-60 years of age at most (51.2%). Most of the patients had comorbid diabetes mellitus (40.5%), hypertension (28.9%), and chronic lung disease (8.3%). Furthermore, most COVID-19 was severe degrees 56 (46.3%). The patients with recovery are 92 (76.0%) and only 29 (24.0%) died. The neutrophilia, and comorbid had no relationship with the clinical outcome of COVID-19 (p >0.05). The Lymphopenia and degree of severity had relationship with clinical outcome (p> 0.05). Diabetes melitus and hypertension are the most common comorbid reported in the COVID-19 patients. The Inflammation markers, such as lymphocytes, can be used as an early warning to increase awareness in treating patients with severe disease.
Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern among Children with Urinary Tract Infections in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Adhima, Fauziah; Wahyunitisari, Manik Retno; Prasetyo, Risky Vitria; Setiabudi, Rebekah Juniati
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i2.32908

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infections in pediatric patients characterized by the growth of bacteria in the urine in significant numbers. Antibiotics remain the primary treatment of UTI in children. However, there has been an increase in antibiotic resistance to uropathogens worldwide due to their inappropriate and extensive uses. There is considerable geographical variation in the distribution of bacteria and antibiotic resistance pattern. Thus, to prevent further resistance and provide empirical antibiotic options, this study aims to determine the profile of bacteria and antibiotics resistance pattern among UTI pediatric patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. This study was performed by collecting data from the urine culture logbook at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Dr. Soetomo Hospital in July-October 2019. The sample was UTI patients aged one day – 18 years due to bacterial infection with a colony count of   ≥100,000 CFU/ml. In this study, 131 patients showed significant bacterial growth dominated by males and ages one month – 2 years. UTI were caused by gram-negative bacteria (74%) and gram-positive bacteria (26%), with the most bacteria found in each group were Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. E. coli showed ≥70% resistance to ampicillin, cefazoline, piperacillin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Comorbidities were dominated by hydronephrosis (10.98%), chronic kidney disease (9.79%) and hydrocephalus (8.09%). In conclusion, gram-negative bacteria were the leading cause of UTI in children with E. coli as the most common uropathogen, highly resistant to ampicillin and cefazolin. Gram-positive bacteria were less frequent with varied resistance patterns. Most common comorbidity was hydronephrosis.
Association of IL – 23 R rs 7518660 Gene Polymorphism with Susceptibility and Disease Severity of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Widowati, Yenny; Sugiri, Yani Jane; Putu, Ngakan; Setijowati, Nanik
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i2.33118

Abstract

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem. Of all people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis only a small proportion develops into TB. IL 23 is the key cytokine in the pathogenesis of TB infection. This study aims to determine the association of IL-23 R rs 7518660 gene polymorphism with susceptibility and disease severity of Pulmonary TB. A case control study involved 105 people consisting of 31 drug sensitive pulmonary TB patients, 40 patients with drug-resistant pulmonary TB and 34 healthy subjects as a control. IL-23 R rs 7518660 gene polymorphism G allele increases susceptibility to both TB drug-sensitive and drug-resistant. G and A allele, AA and AG genotypes indicates (p value >0.05) in correlation with disease severity based on lesion in chest x-ray and high load of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum. There was a significant relationship between allele A and susceptibility to pulmonary TB with an odds ratio of 0.231. It showed that patients with A alleles (AG and AA genotypes) were at risk of developing TB by 1/0.231 = 4.33 times lower than patients with GG genotypes. Meanwhile, the relationship of the G allele with susceptibility to pulmonary TB obtained (p value <0.05) and an odds ratio value of 0.127 indicating that patients with G alleles (GG and AG genotypes) were at risk of developing TB of 1/0.127 = 7.87 times higher than in patients with the AA genotype. Conclusion: We found significant correlation between IL-23 R rs 7518660 gene polymorphism G allele with susceptibility to pulmonary TB, but the result was not significant with disease severity.
Clinical Profiles, Laboratory, Radiological and Outcome of COVID-19 Elderly Patients in Waikabubak Regional General Hospital, West Sumba Laurentia, Lisbeth Maria; Effendi, Rambu Farah
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i2.33381

Abstract

Cases of COVID-19 in the elderly show varied clinical characteristics. Elderly patients tend to be easily infected with COVID-19 and experience more severe conditions. This study aims to analyze the correlation between clinical characteristics of elderly COVID-19 patients and severity of COVID-19 disease at Waikabubak Regional General Hospital. Retrospective study from the medical records of elderly patients with confirmed COVID-19 at Waikabubak Regional General Hospital in March 2020 – September 2021. Inclusion criteria were elderly patients with confirmed COVID-19 who underwent treatment in COVID isolation room and did rapid antigen examination. The data collected were demographics, clinical manifestations, laboratory, radiological features, comorbid, and outcomes. Data analysis using SPPS for Window 12.0 version. There were 33 patients with 18 men and 15 women. Patients aged 65-74 are the most infected with COVID-19 and experience more severe conditions. Patients with no previous vaccine history were associated with the severity of COVID-19. Elderly patients with obesity tend to experience severe COVID-19 symptoms. Elderly patients with multi-comorbidities tend to experience severe COVID-19 symptoms. Dominant clinical symptoms in elderly patients were cough (33%), shortness of breath (25%) and fever (21%). Hematologic parameters that correlated with severity were hemoglobin, platelets, NLR, ALC and RBG. The most common radiological findings were bilateral infiltrates (92%). Mortality rate of elderly COVID-19 patients treated at the Waikabubak Regional General Hospital still tends to be high (42%). Age, vaccine history, obesity, shortness of breath, multi-comorbidities, laboratory and radiology significantly influence the severity of COVID-19 infection in the elderly.
Proportion of Extrapulmonary MDR-TB Confirmed by GeneXpert® in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, West Java, Indonesia Year 2012–2021 Dhestina, Winnery; Santoso, Prayudi; Sahiratmadja, Edhyana
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i2.33768

Abstract

As the third-highest country with tuberculosis (TB) incidence worldwide in 2020, Indonesia has increasing TB cases resistant to various anti-TB therapy or multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB, and ranked fifth for its high incidence reported in Global Tuberculosis Report 2020. Moreover, extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) is rising, and data studies on EPTB with MDR-TB in Indonesia are scarce. This study aimed to explore the proportion of extrapulmonary MDR-TB among TB cases in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. A descriptive retrospective and cross-sectional study design were conducted, retrieving medical records from all suspect MDR-TB adult patients examined by GeneXpert®, at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, West Java period 2012–2021. Those with EPTB were further analyzed, and the demographic data was collected as well as clinical history, behavioral history, sites of extrapulmonary MDR-TB, and drug resistance. Of a total 7,013 TB cases, 1,900 (27.1%) were MDR-TB cases, of whom 0.08% (n6) were extrapulmonary MDR-TB cases and 0.16% (n11) were combined with PTB. The main characteristics of cases with extrapulmonary MDR-TB were median age 27-year-old (range 25–34), male gender (64.7%), underweight BMI (84.6%), and predominantly were primary cases (35.3%). The anti-TB drug resistance in MDR-TB were pre-XDR-TB (11.7%), XDR-TB (5.6%), MDR-TB (42%), and RR-TB (40.7%). Although the proportion of extrapulmonary MDR-TB among all TB cases is small (0.2%), this disease can't be ignored and has a great potential to be explored. Most of them are rifampicin-resistant. Further studies need to include a larger population to have more overview of MDR-TB with EPTB.
The Activities on Prevention of Malaria and Filariasis Vector Bites among Indonesian Society: A Nationwide Disease Prevention Survey Widawati, Mutiara; Ipa, Mara; Astuti, Endang Puji; Wahono, Tri; Yuliasih, Yuneu
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i2.36053

Abstract

Vector Borne Diseases are diseases that cause many problems. These diseases are spread by mosquitoes as the vectors. They transmit parasites to humans through their bites. The people who live in Indonesia have several characteristics that make them vulnerable to these diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to explore these characteristics in order to gain better prevention promotional targeting strategy. This study aims to determine the factors that can influence mosquito bite prevention behaviour in Indonesian society.  The data from a nationwide survey research were used with a cross sectional design conducted once in every five years.  The Riskesdas was conducted from April to May 2018 in all districts in Indonesia. The influencing factors observed were including experience of exposure to vector borne diseases (malaria or filariasis), gender, age group, education level and area of residence. This study conducted a multivariate test using logistic regression analysis to determine the factors that influence mosquito bite prevention behaviour. The results demonstrated that the factors of experience of exposure to vector borne diseases, gender, age group, education level and area of residence could determine the mosquitoes bite prevention behaviour in Indonesian society. Respondents who have experience of being exposed to malaria or filaria, under 60 years old, women, college graduates, and rural communities are more likely to prevent mosquito bites, therefore they could be empowered in promoting public awareness towards mosquito bites prevention.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Dengue Virus Infection Transmission and Its Relationship with Eradication Action Program in Surabaya, Indonesia Juliasih, Ni Njoman; Sucipto, Teguh Hari; Sari, Reny Mareta; Nuha, Zakiyathun; Soegijanto, Soegeng
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i2.36477

Abstract

Dengue virus infection is caused by a dengue virus transmitted through mosquito bites from species Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. The Ministry of Health takes action to reduce the prevalence of DHF by regulating the management of PSN 3M Plus. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and compliance with the management of PSN 3M Plus strategies of those living in Surabaya. A cross-sectional population-based google form questionnaire was conducted in January 2022 for four weeks (January 3, 2022, to January 29, 2022). Based on the bivariate analysis, gender and age of respondents were no relationship between compliance with the PSN 3M Plus (p-value >0.05). The results also showed no relationship between education and adherence to PSN 3M Plus (p-value > 0.05). However, based on previous studies, people with higher education showed better compliance. Public knowledge and attitude about the dengue virus and its transmission process can be increased by developing, modifying, and intervening in the people controlling dengue virus infection. Most people of Surabaya believe that dengue prevention is the complete responsibility of every people. Based on the bivariate analysis, the characteristics of respondents had no relationship with the PSN 3M Plus compliance  (p-value > 0.05). Knowledge and attitudes of the Surabaya people toward PSN 3M Plus are still good. However, the characteristics of the respondents did not significantly affect their knowledge and attitudes